Artigas, Uruguay and neighboring Brazilian state Rio Grande do Sul are large world producers exceeding in quantity Minas Gerais, as well as Mato Grosso, Espirito Santo, Bahia, and Ceará states, all amethyst producers of importance in Brazil.

The political and administrative organization of Brazil comprises the federal government, the states, the federal district and the municipalities.

The states are autonomous sub-national entities with their own constitutions and governments that, together with the other federative units, form the Federative Republic of Brazil.

Currently, Brazil is divided politically and administratively into 27 federative units, being 26 states and one federal district.

* War of the Ragamuffins ( 1835-1845 ): Was a Republican uprising that began in southern Brazil, in the states of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina in 1835.

States often said to exhibit crony capitalism include the People's Republic of China ; India, especially up to the early 1990s when manufacturing was strictly controlled by the government ( the " Licence Raj "); Indonesia ; Argentina ; Brazil ; United Kingdom ; Malaysia ; Israel ; Russia ; the United States ; Tasmania ; and most other ex-Eastern Bloc states.

The " strong "-" weak " categorization is not the same as " Western "-" non-Western ", as some Latin American states like Argentina and Brazil and Middle Eastern states like Egypt and Israel are considered to have " strong " administrative structures and economic infrastructure.

* French group, under which they also included the countries that codified their law either in 19th or in the first half of the 20th century, using the Napoleonic code civil of year 1804 as a model ; this includes countries and jurisdictions such as Italy, Portugal, Spain, Louisiana, states of South America ( such as Brazil ), Quebec, Santa Lucia, Romania, the Ionian Islands, Egypt, and Lebanon

A comparison of four successful programs against malaria in Brazil, India, Eritrea, and Vietnam does not endorse any single strategy but instead states, " Common success factors included conducive country conditions, a targeted technical approach using a package of effective tools, data-driven decision-making, active leadership at all levels of government, involvement of communities, decentralized implementation and control of finances, skilled technical and managerial capacity at national and sub-national levels, hands-on technical and programmatic support from partner agencies, and sufficient and flexible financing.

In Brazil the two countries negotiations were overseen by four " Guarantor " states ( Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and the United States — four of the most powerful countries in the region ).

The Irish diaspora () consists of Irish emigrants and their descendants in countries such as the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Australia, Argentina, New Zealand, Mexico, South Africa, Brazil and states of the Caribbean and continental Europe.

Below the confluence of the Rio Abunã, the Madeira meanders north-eastward through the Rondônia and Amazonas states of north west Brazil to its junction with the Amazon.

Those states were Brazil, Peru and the United States.

Pasta is also widespread in the Southern Cone, as well most of the rest of Brazil, mostly pervasive in the areas with mild to strong Italian roots, such as Central Argentina, and the eight southernmost Brazilian states ( where noodles are called macarrão, and more general pasta is under the umbrella term massa, literally " dough ", together with some Japanese noodles, such as bifum rice vermicelli and yakisoba, which also entered general taste ).

In the syllable coda, it varies individually as a fricative, a flap or an approximant, though fricatives are ubiquitous in the Northern and Northeastern regions and all states of Southeastern Brazil but São Paulo and surrounding areas.

Although samba exists throughout Brazil – especially in the states of Bahia, Maranhão, Minas Gerais, and São Paulo – in the form of various popular rhythms and dances that originated from the regional batuque, a type of music and associated dance form from Cape Verde, the samba is most frequently identified as a musical expression of urban Rio de Janeiro, where it was born and developed between the end of the 19th century and the first years of the 20th century.

Brazil is divided into 26 states and a federal district, the government is divided into federal, state, and municipalities.

This is also the case in Brazil, which groups its primary administrative divisions ( estados ; " states ") into grandes regiões ( greater regions ) for statistical purposes, while Russia uses экономические районы ( economic regions ) in a similar way, as does Romania and Venezuela.

As a result, Brazil did not split into several states by the time of Independence ( 1822 ), as happened to its Spanish-speaking neighbors.

In some jurisdictions, such as Brazil, New Zealand, Uruguay, France and the U. S. states of Hawaii and Illinois, civil unions are also open to opposite-sex couples.

Lychees are extensively grown in China, and also elsewhere in Brazil, South-East Asia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, southern Japan, and more recently in California, Hawaii, Texas, Florida, the wetter areas of eastern Australia and sub-tropical regions of South Africa, Israel and also in the states of Sinaloa and San Luis Potosí ( specifically, in La Huasteca ) in Mexico.

Ireland ( see History of rail transport in Ireland ) and some states in Australia ( see History of rail transport in Australia ) and Brazil have a gauge of, but Luas, the Dublin light rail system, is built to standard gauge.

At a third stage in the modernization process are such countries as India, Brazil, the Philippines, and Taiwan, which are ready and committed to move into the stage of self-sustaining growth.

The largest South Atlantic basins are the Angola, Cape, Argentina, and Brazil basins.

They are especially numerous in tropical and subtropical regions ( notably Central America, eastern Brazil, the Andes, the Mediterranean, southern Africa, central Asia, and southwestern China ).

There is one test based on " Brazil law twinning " ( a form of quartz twinning where right and left hand quartz structures are combined in a single crystal ) which can be used to identify synthetic amethyst rather easily.

For some communities such as in Papua New Guinea and South America ( except Chile, Colombia, Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina and Bolivia ), spiders are included in traditional foods.

* 1945 – Diplomatic relations between the Soviet Union and Brazil are established.

In Brazil, the brew and the vine are informally called either caapi or cipó ; the latter is the Portuguese word for liana ( or woody climbing vine ).

The main sources for gem material are Brazil and the U. S .. Australia, France, Germany, Namibia, Norway, and Spain have also produced gem quality amblygonite.

The municipalities are minor federative units of the Federative Republic of Brazil.

The Armed Forces of Brazil are divided into 3 branches:

Brazil has the most powerful military of South America, and so are each of its military branches.

South America is a relatively peaceful continent in which wars are a rare event ; as a result, Brazil hasn't had its territory invaded since year 1865 during the Paraguayan War.

In addition an estimated 350 firms are involved directly or indirectly in the arms production process in Brazil.

Other well-known areas are: Chironico ( Switzerland ), Stanage ( UK ), Hueco Tanks ( Texas ), Val Masino and Val di Mello ( Italy ), Castle Hill ( New Zealand ), Bishop ( California ), Joe's Valley ( Utah ), Yosemite ( California ), Rocktown ( Georgia ), Rocklands ( South Africa ), Cocalzinho de Goiás ( Brazil ), Kjugekull ( Sweden ), Hampi ( India ) Horse Pens 40 ( Alabama ) and Horseshoe Canyon Ranch ( Arkansas ) amongst others.

In Brazil they are known as estiletes or cortadores Olfa ( the latter, being another genericised trademark ).

The popular claim is that in Brazil poor whites are considered black and wealthy blacks are considered white.

There are also commercial deposits being actively mined in the Northwest Territories of Canada, Siberia ( mostly in Yakutia territory ; for example, Mir pipe and Udachnaya pipe ), Brazil, and in Northern and Western Australia.

Several of the world's capital cities are planned cities, notably Washington, D. C., in the United States, Canberra in Australia, and Brasília in Brazil.

Main inland waterways are the Magdalena – Cauca River system, which is navigable for 1, 500 kilometers ; the Atrato, which is navigable for 687 kilometers ; the Orinoco system of more than five navigable rivers, which total more than 4, 000 kilometers of potential navigation ( mainly through Venezuela ); and the Amazonas system, which has four main rivers totaling 3, 000 navigable kilometers ( mainly through Brazil ).

New oil pipeline projects with Brazil and Venezuela are underway.

These issues are of particular concern to the bordering countries of Brazil, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela.