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* In agarics the hymenium is on the vertical faces of the gills.
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agarics and hymenium
Historically agarics and boletes ( which bear their spores on a hymenium of gills or tubes respectively ) were classified quite separately from the gasteroid fungi, such as puff-balls and truffles, of which the spores are formed in a large mass enclosed in an outer skin.
agarics and is
Cortinarius is a very widespread genus of agarics, but also contains some secotioid species, such as C. leucocephalus, C. coneae and C. cartilagineus.
Similarly, the bolete genus Suillus is more closely related to the agarics and false truffles of Chroogomphus, Gomphidius, and Rhizopogon than to Boletus.
" Big white mushroom " ( or BWM ) is also sometimes used to describe groups of difficult to identify larger and paler agarics, many of which are in the genus Clitocybe.
The beefsteak fungus, a well known bracket fungus, is actually a member of the agarics.
A 2002 study of the molecular phylogeny of the agarics indicates that the genus Psilocybe as presently defined is polyphyletic, falling into two distinct clades that are not directly related to each other.
They are especially suitable for novice mushroom hunters, since there is little danger of confusing them with deadly mushrooms, like various Amanita agarics, which are the most poisonous mushrooms in the world.
A lamella, or gill, is a papery hymenophore rib under the cap of some mushroom species, most often but not always agarics.
Most species of agarics are classified in the Agaricales, however, this type of fruiting body is thought to have evolved several times independently, hence the Russulales, Boletales, Hymenochaetales, and several other groups of basidiomycetes also contain agaric species.
Neolentinus is a wood decaying genus of agarics with tough ( leathery to woody ) fruitbodies composed of dimitic tissue, serrated lamella edges, and nonamyloid white binucleate basidiospores among other features.
Lentinus is an older generic name historically applied to a broad group of agarics, and now restricted in application excluding Neolentinus.
In mycology, a partial veil ( also called an inner veil, to differentiate it from the " outer " veil, or velum ) is a temporary structure of tissue found on the fruiting bodies of some basidiomycete fungi, typically agarics.
agarics and on
As originally conceived, the genus was a mix of agarics with rings on their stems, including species now placed in Armillaria, Cortinarius, and Pholiota.
Boletaceae are a family of mushrooms, primarily characterized by developing their spores in small pores on the underside of the mushroom, instead of gills, as are found in agarics.
agarics and .
Curious as to how fungi reproduced Potter began microscopic drawings of fungi spores ( the agarics ) and in 1895 developed a theory of their germination.
Forms deviating from the standard morphology usually have more specific names, such as " puffball ", " stinkhorn ", and " morel ", and gilled mushrooms themselves are often called " agarics " in reference to their similarity to Agaricus or their place Agaricales.
Within the main body of mushrooms, in the Agaricales, are common fungi like the common fairy-ring mushroom ( Marasmius oreades ), shiitake, enoki, oyster mushrooms, fly agarics, and other amanitas, magic mushrooms like species of Psilocybe, paddy straw mushrooms, shaggy manes, etc.
Rolf Singer ( June 23, 1906 – January 18, 1994 ) was a German-born mycologist and one of the most important taxonomists of gilled mushrooms ( agarics ) in the 20th century.
While most puffballs are not poisonous, some often look similar to young agarics, especially the deadly Amanitas, such as the death cap or destroying angel mushrooms.
Russuloid agarics represent an independent evolutionary line of agarics, not directly related to the Agaricales.
Fungi which do not open up to let their spores be dispersed in the air, but which show a clear morphological relation to agarics or boletes, constitute an intermediate form and are called secotioid.
Comparatively few Basidiomycetes are lichenized, but these include agarics, such as species of Lichenomphalia, clavarioid fungi, such as species of Multiclavula, and corticioid fungi, such as species of Dictyonema.
The genus Amanita contains about 600 species of agarics including some of the most toxic known mushrooms found worldwide, as well as some well regarded edible species.
The Boletales are now known to contain distinct groups of agarics, gasteromycetes, and other fruiting body types.
Still, many mushroom hunters recommend that beginners start with boletes, since deadly mix-ups are far less likely than with agarics.
Additionally, the curvature enables wind currents to blow the spores out in a different manner than in most agarics and boletes.
The boletes are classified in the Boletales ; however, not all members of that order are boletes ; recent discoveries in the micromorphology and molecular phylogeny of this group have established that it also contains a large number of agarics, gasteromycetes, and other fruiting body morphologies.
hymenium and is
A hymenium is a layer of microscopic spore-bearing cells that covers the surface of gills.
The form of the hymenium is divided into the following types ( which are important for classification ).
In many cases the asci are formed in a regular layer, the hymenium, in a fruiting body which is visible to the naked eye, here called an ascocarp or ascoma.
The hymenium is continuous between the mesh.
The basidia, the spore-bearing cells, are produced in a layer lining the tubes, and arrange themselves so their ends are facing the center of the tube ; this layer of cells is known technically as a hymenium.
Another cell type present in the hymenium is the cystidia, larger sterile cells that protrude beyond the basidia into the lumen of the hymenium, and act as air traps, regulating humidity.
The hymenium is the tissue layer on the hymenophore of a fungal fruiting body where the cells develop into basidia or asci, which produce spores.
The subhymenium consists of the supportive hyphae from which the cells of the hymenium grow, beneath which is the hymenophoral trama, the hyphae that make up the mass of the hymenophore.
The position of the hymenium is traditionally the first characteristic used in the classification and identification of mushrooms.
In fungi, a basidiocarp, basidiome or basidioma ( plural: basidiomata ), is the sporocarp of a basidiomycete, the multicellular structure on which the spore-producing hymenium is borne.
All basidiocarps serve as the structure on which the hymenium is produced.
In its simplest form, a basidiocarp consists of an undifferentiated fruiting structure with a hymenium on the surface ; such a structure is characteristic of many simple jelly and club fungi.
He determined that the partial veil originates from the tissue lying outside the annular cavity ( the area containing the delicate developing hymenium and enclosed by the partial veil ) and is not clearly separated from the universal veil.
hymenium and on
B. edulis has pleurocystidia ( cystidia located on the face of a pore ) that are thin-walled, roughly spindle-shaped to ventricose, and measure 30 – 45 by 7 – 10 µm ; the hymenium does not have cheilocystidia — cells found on the edges of the pores.
The basidia ( spore bearing cells of the hymenium ), are 20 – 31 by 5 – 9 μm, four-spored, and have clamps at their bases ; there are no basidia found on the sterile gill edge.
Basidia are found on the surface of the hymenium, and the basidia ultimately produce spores.
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