Bandwidth typically refers to baseband bandwidth in the context of, for example, sampling theorem and Nyquist sampling rate, while it refers to passband bandwidth in the context of Nyquist symbol rate or Shannon-Hartley channel capacity for communication systems.

Organizational communication is the study of how people communicate within an organizational context and the influences and interactions within organizational structures.

Even in their original context of medieval venery, the terms were of the nature of kennings, intended as a mark of erudition of the gentlemen able to use them correctly rather than for practical communication.

* Language: All digital communications require a language, which in this context consists of all the information that the sender and receiver of the digital communication must both possess, in advance, in order for the communication to be successful.

In constraint-induced aphasia therapy, the interaction is guided by communicative need in a language game context, picture cards, barriers making it impossible to see other players ' cards, and other materials, so that patients are encouraged (" constrained ") to use the remaining verbal abilities to succeed in the communication game.

Two important principles of constraint-induced aphasia therapy are that treatment is very intense, with sessions lasting for up to 6 hours over the course of 10 days and that language is used in a communication context in which it is closely linked to ( nonverbal ) actions.

Parts of MIME are also reused in communication protocols such as HTTP, which requires that data be transmitted in the context of email-like messages even though the data might not ( and usually doesn't ) actually have anything to do with email, and the message body can actually be binary.

The term in-phase is also found in the context of communication signals:

: knowingly ( A ) uses an interactive computer service to send to a specific person or persons under 18 years of age, or ( B ) uses any interactive computer service to display in a manner available to a person under 18 years of age, any comment, request, suggestion, proposal, image, or other communication that, in context, depicts or describes, in terms patently offensive as measured by contemporary community standards, sexual or excretory activities or organs.

In telecommunications, and in the context of Federal Communications Commission's ( FCC ) Computer Inquiry III, Open network architecture ( ONA ) is the overall design of a communication carrier's basic network facilities and services to permit all users of the basic network to interconnect to specific basic network functions and interfaces on an unbundled, equal-access basis.

The telephone filters out different context cues that aid in communication.

Messaging is a form of loosely coupled distributed communication, where in this context the term ' communication ' can be understood as an exchange of messages between software components.

In this context the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the switch from planktonic growth to a biofilm phenotype and the role of inter-bacterial communication in persistent disease should provide new insights in P. aeruginosa pathogenicity, contribute to a better clinical management of chronically infected patients and should lead to the identification of new drug targets for the development of alternative anti-infective treatment strategies.

According to Boisot and Boland and Tenkasi, meaningful communication requires at least some sharing context between the parties to such exchange.

During World War II, the US Army Signal Corps was inventing a communication system called SIGSALY, which incorporated spread spectrum in a single frequency context.

Trusted systems in the context of information theory is based on the definition of trust as ' Trust is that which is essential to a communication channel but cannot be transferred from a source to a destination using that channel ' by Ed Gerck.

In the context of Information Theory, information is simply that which is transferred from a source to a destination, using a communication channel.

In aviation, the term altitude can have several meanings, and is always qualified by either explicitly adding a modifier ( e. g. " true altitude "), or implicitly through the context of the communication.

The term is sometimes used loosely as a synonym for cockpit instruments as a whole, in which context it can include engine instruments, navigational and communication equipment.

For example, group cohesion, communication patterns among members, individual personality traits, group context, the nature or orientation of the work, as well as behavioral norms and established standards influence group functionality in varying capacities.

According to its website " The Esperantic Studies Foundation promotes research and teaching on Esperanto and on related issues of interlingual communication, especially in the context of higher education in North America.

In the context of wavetable synthesis a wavetable is a collection of single cycle waveforms.

Bradley explained this effect in the context of Newton's corpuscular theory of light, by showing that the aberration angle was given by simple vector addition of the Earth's orbital velocity and the velocity of the corpuscles of light, just as vertically falling raindrops strike a moving object at an angle.

In 1986, Mike Gallaher and Don Hopkins together arrived independently to the concept of a context menu based on the angle to the origin where the exact angle and radius could be passed as parameters to a command, or the radius could be used to trigger a submenu.

Lighting, angle, shot duration, juxtaposition, cultural context, and a wide array of other elements can actively reinforce or undermine a sequence's meaning.

In the context of the standard unit circle with radius 1, where a triangle is formed by a ray originating at the origin and making some angle with the x-axis, the sine of the angle gives the length of the y-component ( rise ) of the triangle, the cosine gives the length of the x-component ( run ), and the tangent function gives the slope ( y-component divided by the x-component ).

In the context of vectors and phasors, the term phase angle refers to the angular component of the polar coordinate representation.

In the context of periodic phenomena, such as a wave, phase angle is synonymous with phase.

In a scientific context, the zenith is the direction of reference for measuring the zenith angle, the angle between a direction of interest ( e. g., a star ) and the local zenith.

Optical infinity — This was achieved by adjusting the focal distance so that it was above what is sometimes referred to as " optical infinity ", which is generally taken as about 30 ft or nine m. In this context, " Optical Infinity " is the distance at which, for the average adult person, the angle of view of an object at that distance is effectively the same for both the left and right eyes.

* Picture round – these use photocopied or computer-printed hand-outs and consist of pictures to be identified, such as photos of famous people ( possibly snapped out of context, or else partially obscured ) or logos of companies ( without tell-tale lettering ), famous places or objects pictured from a strange angle.

Other terms for angle of incidence in this context are rigging angle and rigger's angle of incidence.

The Mars Orbiter Camera ( MOC ) science investigation used 3 instruments: a narrow angle camera that took ( black-and-white ) high resolution images ( usually 1. 5 to 12 m per pixel ) and red and blue wide angle pictures for context ( 240 m per pixel ) and daily global imaging ( 7. 5 km per pixel ).

He noted that the airspeed over the wing was dominated by the normal component of the airflow, not the freestream velocity, so by setting the wing at an angle the forward velocity at which the shock waves would form would be higher ( the same had been noted by Max Munk in 1924, although not in the context of high-speed flight ).

The degree of semantic relatedness of items in memory is given by the cosine of the angle between the items ' context vectors ( ranging from 1 for perfect synonyms to 0 for no relationship ).

( Caution: In this context, the focal length value differs with each film gauge and CCD size for optical reasons, but the angle of view is the same for any of them, so it's easier comparing the angle of view with lenses for different formats than their focal lengths.

When considering Sustainable development and Ecology, the inter-dependence angle generally expands quickly to a Global context.

In this context, conceptualism takes on a new angle.

On the other hand, Arnold's `` The unplumbed, salt, estranging sea '', taken in its context, certainly does so.

No one could be more devoted than he to the American Congress as an institution and more aware of its historical significance in the political history of the world, and I shall never forget his moving talks, delivered in simple yet eloquent words, upon the meaning of our jobs as Representatives in the operation of representative government and their importance in the context of today's assault upon popular government.

Foreign policy in its total context

We in this Department must think about foreign policy in its total context.

In the Steiners have busy lives without visiting relatives only context can indicate whether visiting relatives is equivalent in meaning to paying visits to relatives or to relatives who are visiting them, and in I looked up the number and I looked up the chimney only the meanings of number and chimney make it clear that up is syntactically a second complement in the first sentence and a preposition followed by its object in the second.

With a few important and a few more unimportant exceptions, no expression can be deemed le mot juste for its context, because each was very probably the only expression that long-established practice and ease of rapid recitation would allow.

In 2009, the American Anthropological Association's Commission on the Engagement of Anthropology with the US Security and Intelligence Communities released its final report concluding, in part, that, " When ethnographic investigation is determined by military missions, not subject to external review, where data collection occurs in the context of war, integrated into the goals of counterinsurgency, and in a potentially coercive environment – all characteristic factors of the HTS concept and its application – it can no longer be considered a legitimate professional exercise of anthropology.

It is important to note that these are " politically correct " terms and that in normal parlance, the adjective " American " and its direct cognates are almost always used unless the context does not render the nationality of the person clear.

Is one to judge the painting itself, the work of the painter, or perhaps the painting in its context of presentation by the museum workers?

When AI researchers attempt to " scale up " their systems to handle more complicated, real world situations, the programs tend to become excessively brittle without commonsense knowledge or a rudimentary understanding of the situation: they fail as unexpected circumstances outside of its original problem context begin to appear.

John C. Cavadini has challenged this notion by attempting to take the Spanish Christology in its own Spanish / North African context in his important study, The Last Christology of the West: Adoptionism in Spain and Gaul, 785 – 820.

Its main creator was the Nigerian multi-instrumentalist and bandleader Fela Kuti, who gave it its name, who used it to revolutionise musical structure as well as the political context in his native Nigeria.

* Bar ( law ), in a legal context has three possible meanings: the division of a courtroom between its working and public areas ; the process of qualifying to practice law ; and the legal profession

Being is also understood as one's " state of being ," and hence its common meaning is in the context of human ( personal ) experience, with aspects that involve expressions and manifestations coming from an innate " being ", or personal character.

Map showing the historical retreat and expansion of Basque within the context of its linguistic neighbors between the year 1000 and 2000

In his article Observations on the marital metaphor of YHWH and Israel in its ancient Israelite context: general considerations and particular images in Hosea 1. 2, Ben Zvi describes the role of the Gomer in the marriage metaphor as one of the “ central attributes of the ideological image of a human marriage that was shared by the male authorship and the primary and intended male readership as building blocks for their imagining of the relationship .”

The context may be simply the amassing wealth for its own sake, or could be connected with the militarisation of the region for the expected Assyrian attack.

Others such as Michael Johnston and Noam Chomsky assert that classical liberalism as such can no longer exist in a modern day context as its principles were only relevant at the time its founding thinkers conceptualised them ; and that classical liberalism has grown into two divergent philosophies since the beginning of the twentieth century: social liberalism and market liberalism.

A formal grammar is considered " context free " when its production rules can be applied regardless of the context of a nonterminal.

Once interrupt servicing is complete, the context in effect before the interrupt occurred is restored so that the interrupted process can resume execution in its proper state.

Some processors, like the Intel 80386 and its successors, have hardware support for context switches, by making use of a special data segment designated the Task State Segment or TSS.

Despite its rare use, Italian orthography allows the circumflex accent ( î ) too, in two cases: it can be found in old literary context ( roughly up to 19th century ) to signal a syncope ( fêro → fecero, they did ), or in modern Italian to signal the contraction of ″- ii ″ due to the plural ending-i whereas the root ends with another-i ; e. g., s. demonio, p. demonii → demonî ; in this case the circumflex also signals that the word intended is not demoni, plural of " demone " by shifting the accent ( demònî, " devils "; dèmoni, " demons ").