In the Andes, the first urban centers developed in the Norte Chico civilization ( also Caral or Caral-Supe civilization ), Chavin and Moche cultures, followed by major cities in the Huari, Chimu and Inca cultures.

In Quechua, the language of the Inca civilization, Crux is known as " Chakana ", which means literally " stair " ( chaka, bridge, link ; hanan, high, above ), but carries a deep symbolism within Quechua mysticism.

He turned to stories with an escapist flavour: an expedition to a meteorite ( The Shooting Star ), an intriguing mystery and treasure hunt ( The Secret of the Unicorn and Red Rackham's Treasure ), and a quest to undo an ancient Inca curse ( The Seven Crystal Balls and Prisoners of the Sun ).

* Inca ( beetle ), a genus of beetles in the family Scarabaeidae

* Inca ( video game ), an adventure game by Coktel Vision

The term " mythology " can refer either to the study of myths ( e. g., comparative mythology ), or to a body or collection of myths ( a mythos, e. g., Inca mythology ).

Aleixo Garcia was the first European to cross the Chaco and even managed to penetrate the outer defenses of the Inca Empire on the hills of the Andes ( near Sucre ), in present-day Bolivia.

Whoever considers the Peruvian empire, where arts and industry flourished under one of the wisest systems of government, which was founded by a stranger, must have very sanguine expectations of the southern continent, from whence it is more than probable Mango Capac, the first Inca, was derived, and must be convinced that the country, from whence Mango Capac introduced the comforts of civilized life, cannot fail of amply rewarding the fortunate people who shall bestow letters instead of quippos ( quipus ), and iron in place of more awkward substitutes.

Over the first century and a half after Columbus's voyages, the native population of the Americas plummeted by an estimated 80 % ( from around 50 million in 1492 to eight million in 1650 ), mostly by outbreaks of Old World diseases but also by several massacres and forced labour ( the mita was re-established in the old Inca Empire, and the tequitlequivalent of the mitain the Aztec Empire ).

The founder of this so-called Neo-Inca state was Manco Inca Yupanqui ( also known as Manco Cápac II ), who had initially allied himself with the Spanish, then led an unsuccessful war against them before establishing himself in Vilcabamba in 1540.

Other claims have been made to the contrary — that Túpac Amaru was in rebellion ( his predecessors having allegedly accepted Spanish authority ), that Toledo had tried peaceful means to settle differences, that three of his ambassadors to the Inca were murdered, and that Túpac Amaru subsequently raised an army to resist the colonial army.

It's mainly inspired in the Inca Empire with bands such as Yawarhiem ( Peru ), Tierramystica ( Brazil ), Aztra ( Ecuador ), Ch ' aska ( Peru ), Toccata Magna ( Brazil ), Guahaihoque ( Colombia ), Arraigo ( Argentina ) and Kranium ( Peru ); and the Aztec Empire with bands such as Yaotl Mictlan, Muluc Pax and Kukulcan from Mexico.

Mama Quilla ( Quechua: Mama Killa or Mama Kilya ), in Inca mythology and religion, was the third power and goddess of the moon.

Mama Quilla was generally the third deity in the Inca pantheon, after Inti ( god of the sun ) and Illapa ( god of thunder ), but was viewed as more important than Inti by some coastal communities, including by the Chimú.

* Catequil ( god ), an Inca god of thunder and lightning

* Kon ( Inca mythology ), a god of rain and wind

Image: Pizarro Seizing the Inca of Peru. jpg | Pizarro Seizing the Inca of Peru ( 1846 ), Victoria and Albert Museum, London

* 1532 – Commanded by Francisco Pizarro, Spanish conquistadors under Hernando de Soto meet Inca leader Atahualpa for the first time outside Cajamarca, arranging a meeting on the city plaza the following day

The first known states were created in Ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, India, China, the Americas ( e. g. Aztec civilization, Inca civilization ) and others, but it is only in relatively modern times that states have almost completely displaced alternative " stateless " forms of political organization of societies all over the planet.

The Inca people attacked first with much spirit despite being only lightly armed.

Manco Cápac ( Quechua Manqu Qhapaq " founder royal ") was the legendary first Sapa Inca of the Kingdom of Cusco and a figure of Inca mythology.

At long and 2, 200 tons she was considerably larger than the Inca, so first a new slipway had to be built to build her.

After first appearing in the episode " Inca Mummy Girl ", Oz discovers he is a werewolf in the episode " Phases " and becomes a recurring character throughout the second season.

Flowering forth in the Greek, pre-Celtic, Indo-Aryan, Aryo-Persian, Armenic, Roman, Germanic, Tiwanaku, Teotihuacán, early Chinese, Aztec-Nahua, Inca and first Egyptian dynasties ' representatives, with more or less ethnic but great spiritual purity, the " Northern Light " was considerably lost to the Atlantean offshoot which defiled itself through spiritual integration into the spiritual lunar sphere of the world of the " Mother " or " Earth " of the " Southern Light " and further miscegenation with bestial, dark Lemurian stocks.

The American researcher HF Dobyns claimed that 95 % of the total population of the Americas died in the first 130 years, and that 90 % of the population of the Inca Empire died in epidemics.

He managed to penetrate the outer defenses of the Inca Empire on the hills of the Andes, in present-day Bolivia, the first European to do so, eight years before Francisco Pizarro.

There he had his first contact with photography, learning the rudiments from the photographer of the Santo Domingo Mine near Coaza ( owned by the Inca Mining Company of Bradford, Pa ).

The section which describes the moment when Manco Inca, the father of the author and the brother of Atahuallpa, receives the first news of the Spaniards arrival from coastal tribesman is of particular note.

It was founded on the site of an Inca settlement and was the first city founded by the Spanish in the Peruvian Amazon.

It's multiethnic elements and utilization of Inca history reflect the first appearance of large-scale counterhegemonic political initiative in the Andes.

The Chachapoyas culture developed during the Inca age and represented a strong opposition to the Incan conquest by repelling the first Inca attempts to incorporate the region to their empire.

Sarmiento collected oral accounts first hand from Inca informants and produced a history ( commonly titled The History of the Incas ) that chronicles their violent conquest of the region.

Written in Cuzco, the capital of the Inca Empire, just forty years after the arrival of the first Spaniards in the city, Sarmiento's The History of the Incas contains extremely detailed descriptions of Inca history and mythology.

In Inca mythology, Mama Ocllo first taught women the art of spinning thread.

Machu Picchu was built around 1450, at the height of the Inca Empire.

Inca ruins built on top of the face are also considered to represent a crown on his head.

Most of the common buildings and temples were built c. 800-1450 CE, shortly before the arrival and conquest by the Inca Empire.

The Inca built five additional buildings, including a temple to the sun on the main square.

Xaquixahuana was a fortress built in the Cuzco Valley in the Andes by the Inca civilisation.

An Inca author praised Spanish masonry bridges being built, as this made for the need to repair the rope bridges moot.

* Simple suspension bridge-the Inca rope bridge built with modern materials and structural refinements

Part of the road network was built by cultures that precede the Inca Empire notably the Wari culture.

Mostly stone buildings can be seen in most major cities, some civilizations built entirely with stone such as the Pyramids in Egypt, the Aztec pyramids and the remains of the Inca civilization.

Cathedral of Vilcashuaman, built on remains of Inca temple.

Stores, bathrooms, a tambo for the Inca, a temple dedicated to the sun, they are part of Ingapirca that was built in the 15th century by orders of Huayna Capac.

This culture built structures and occupied the site for hundreds of years before the Inca, between 900 and 1200 AD.

Protzen, a professor of architecture, has shown how the Inca built long and complex ramps within the stone quarries near Ollantaytambo, and how additional ramps were built to drag the blocks to the construction above the village.

The Spaniards destroyed almost every Inca building in Cuzco, built a Spanish city over the old foundations, and proceeded to colonize and exploit the former empire.

During the Inca Empire, Ollantaytambo was the royal estate of Emperor Pachacuti who conquered the region, built the town and a ceremonial center.

Inca buildings to the north of the plaza were built out of unworked fieldstones while those to the west and to the south were made with cut and fitted stones.

Terraces at Ollantaytambo were built to a higher standard than common Inca agricultural terraces, for instance, they have higher walls made of cut stones instead of rough fieldstones.

Vitcos is an archaeological site in the Cusco Region in Peru, believed to have been built by ruler in exile Manco Inca during the Spanish conquest of Peru.