In the 19th and 20th centuries, prominent figures of Indian spirituality such as Swami Vivekananda, Ramana Maharshi, Swami Sivananda and A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami emphasized the importance of ahimsa.

The last horsed regiment of the Indian Army ( other than the Viceregal Bodyguard and some Indian States Forces regiments ) was the 19th King George's Own Lancers which had its last mounted parade at Rawalpindi on 28 October 1939.

Both the Indian and the Pakistani armies maintain armoured regiments with the titles of Lancers or Horse, dating back to the 19th century.

In the 19th century Mzizima ( Swahili for " healthy town ") was a coastal fishing village on the periphery of Indian Ocean trade routes.

In Western culture, the custom of a newlywed couple going on a holiday together originated in early 19th century Great Britain, a concept borrowed from the Indian elite, in the Indian Subcontinent.

Indian removal was a 19th century policy of the government of the United States to relocate Native American tribes living east of the Mississippi River to lands west of the river.

Some Louisiana urban environments have a multicultural, multilingual heritage, being so strongly influenced by an admixture of 18th century French, Spanish, Native American ( Indian ) and African cultures that they are considered to be somewhat exceptional in the U. S. Before the American influx and statehood at the beginning of the 19th century, the territory of current Louisiana State had been a Spanish and French colony.

Indo-Mauritians are descended from Indian immigrants who arrived in the 19th century via the Aapravasi Ghat in order to work as indentured laborers after slavery was abolished in 1835.

A fifth individual whom Drury identified as an important influence upon the New Age movement was the Indian Swami Vivekananda ( 1863 – 1902 ), an adherent of the philosophy of Vedanta who first brought Hinduism to the West in the late 19th century.

Regardless, the Indian cards have many distinctive features: they are round, generally hand painted with intricate designs, and comprise more than four suits — often as many as thirty two, like a deck in the Deutsches Spielkarten-Museum, painted in the Mewar, a city in Rajasthan, between the 18th and 19th century.

By the 19th century the philosophers Schopenhauer and Nietzsche could access the Indian scriptures for discussion of the doctrine of reincarnation, which recommended itself to the American Transcendentalists Henry David Thoreau, Walt Whitman and Ralph Waldo Emerson and was adapted by Francis Bowen into Christian Metempsychosis.

After the Indian Wars and removals of the early 19th century forced most Native Americans out of the state, white settlers arrived in large numbers.

Pope's phrase, " Lo the Poor Indian ", became almost as famous as Dryden's " noble savage " and, in the 19th century, when more people began to have first hand knowledge of and conflict with the Indians, would be used derisively for similar sarcastic effect.

This contrasting emphasis ( with regard to Indian music in particular ) manifests itself to some extent in the different methods of performance adopted: in Indian Music improvisation takes a major role in the structural framework of a piece, whereas in Western Music improvisation has been uncommon since the end of the 19th century.

The original Ute population was confined to the Southern Ute and Ute Mountain Indian reservations in the late 19th century.

James Rennell wrote the first scientific textbooks about currents in the Atlantic and Indian oceans during the late 18th and at the beginning of 19th century.

During the 18th and 19th centuries, the Mazrui and Omani Arabs reclaimed much of the Indian Ocean trade, forcing the Portuguese to retreat south.

He was a key figure in the introduction of Indian philosophies of Vedanta and Yoga to the western world and was credited with raising interfaith awareness, bringing Hinduism to the status of a major world religion in the late 19th century.

Cherokee beadwork sampler, made at Dwight Presbyterian Mission | Dwight Mission, Indian Territory, 19th century, collection of the Oklahoma History Center.

With the revolution for independence from Spanish crown during the 19th century, South America underwent yet more social and political changes among them nation building projects, European immigration waves, increased trade, colonization of hinterlands, and wars about territory ownership and power balance, the reorganization of Indian rights and duties, liberal-conservative conflicts among the ruling class, and the subjugation of Indians living in the states frontiers, that lasted until the early 1900s.

The Lakota were, thus, one of the few Indian tribes to increase in population in the 19th century.

The concept of an Indian Territory was an outcome of the 18th and 19th century policy of Indian removal.

To defend the Matruh line, Ritchie placed Indian 10th Infantry Division ( in Matruh itself ) and 50th ( Northumbrian ) Infantry Division ( some down the coast at Gerawla ) under X Corps HQ, newly arrived from Syria.

Inland from X Corps would be XIII Corps with Indian 5th Infantry Division ( with only one infantry brigade, Indian 29th Infantry Brigade, and two artillery regiments ) around Sidi Hamza ( about inland, the newly arrived New Zealand 2nd Division ( short one brigade because of lack of transport ) at Minqar Qaim ( on the escarpment inland ) and 1st Armoured Division in the open desert to the south.

In the process, 5th Indian Division in particular sustained heavy casualties, including the destruction of the Indian 29th Infantry Brigade at Fuka.

On 29 June, he ordered XXX Corps — South African 1st, Indian 5th and 10th Infantry Divisions — to take the coastal sector on the right of the front and XIII Corps — New Zealand and Indian 5th Divisions — to be on the left.

It was broad daylight by the time they circled round the back of Deir el Abyad where they found the feature to the east of it occupied by 18th Indian Infantry Brigade which, after a hasty journey from Iraq, had occupied the exposed position just west of Ruweisat Ridge and east of Deir el Abyad at Deir el Shein late on 28 June to create one of Norrie's additional defensive boxes.

18th Indian Infantry Brigade — supported by 23 25-pounder gun-howitzers, 16 of the new 6-pounder anti-tank guns and nine Matilda tanks — held out the whole day in desperate fighting, but by evening the Germans succeeded in overrunning them.

Robcol — in line with normal British Army practice for ad hoc formations — was named after its commander, Brigadier Robert Waller, the Commander Royal Artillery of the 10th Indian Infantry Division.

By 4 July, the Australian 9th Division had entered the line in the north, and on 9 July Indian 5th Infantry Brigade also returned taking over the Ruweisat position.

At the same time, the fresh Indian 161st Infantry Brigade reinforced the depleted Indian 5th Infantry Division.

The intention was for the 4th New Zealand Brigade and 5th New Zealand Brigade ( on 4th Brigade's right ) to attack northwest to seize the western part of the ridge and on their right the Indian 5th Infantry Brigade to capture the eastern part of the ridge in a night attack.

Two regiments became embroiled in a minefield but the third was able to join Indian 5th Infantry 5th Brigade as it renewed its attack.

Indian 5th Infantry Brigade pushed them back but it was clear from intercepted radio traffic that a further attempt would be made.

Auchinleck ’ s plan was for Indian Infantry 161st Brigade to attack along Ruweisat ridge to take Deir el Shein, while the New Zealand 6th Brigade attacked from south of the ridge to the El Mreir depression.

At 17: 00, Gott ordered 5th Indian Infantry Division to execute a night attack to capture the western half of Ruweisat ridge and Deir el Shein.

3 / 14th Punjab Regiment from 9th Indian Infantry Brigade attacked at 02: 00 on 23 July but failed as they lost their direction.

The Eighth Army had suffered over 13, 000 casualties in July including 4, 000 in the New Zealand Division, 3, 000 in the Indian 5th Infantry Division and 2, 552 battle casualties in the 9th Australian Division ) but had taken 7, 000 prisoners and inflicted heavy damage on Axis men and machines.

* 1916 – World War I: The British 6th Indian Division surrenders to Ottoman Forces at the Siege of Kut in one of the largest surrenders of British forces up to that point.

The separate Indian Division was a major relief force for Native Americans.

With grants from the Public Works Administration ( PWA ), the Indian Division built schools and operated an extensive road-building program in and around many reservations.

* Gower, Calvin W. " The CCC Indian Division: Aid for Depressed Americans, 1933-1942 ," Minnesota History 43 ( Spring 1972 ) 7-12

The plan was that the New Zealand 2nd Division — with the remains of Indian 5th Division and 7th Motor Brigade under its command — would swing north to threaten the Axis flank and rear.

While the 2nd New Zealand Division attacked the western slopes of Ruweisat ridge, the Indian 5th Brigade made small gains on Ruweisat ridge to the east.