* Inter-American Convention to Prevent and Punish Torture

* Inter-American Convention on Forced Disappearance of Persons

* Inter-American Convention on the Prevention, Punishment, and Eradication of Violence against Women

* Inter-American Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Persons with Disabilities

Venezuela worked closely with its neighbors following the 1997 Summit of the Americas in many areas — particularly energy integration — and championed the OAS decision to adopt the Inter-American Convention Against Corruption, also being among the first to ratify it ( in 1997 ).

; Inter-American Convention

The Inter-American Convention to Prevent and Punish Torture, currently ratified by 17 nations of the Americas and in force since 28 February 1987, defines torture more expansively than the United Nations Convention Against Torture.

All states parties to the Convention against Torture and the Inter-American Convention are obliged whenever a person suspected of torture is found in their territory to submit the case to their prosecuting authorities for the purposes of prosecution, or to extradite that person.

The Inter-American Court of Human Rights was established in 1979 with the purpose of enforcing and interpreting the provisions of the American Convention on Human Rights.

The Convention defines the human rights that the states parties are required to respect and guarantee, and it also ordered the establishment of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights.

* Asks the Inter-American Court to provide advisory opinions on matters relating to the interpretation of the Convention or other related instruments.

The bodies responsible for overseeing compliance with the Convention are the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, both of which are organs of the Organization of American States ( OAS ).

Chapters VI, VII, VIII, and IX contain provisions for the creation and operation of the two bodies responsible for overseeing compliance with the Convention: the Inter-American Commission, based in Washington, D. C., United States, and the Inter-American Court, headquartered in San José, Costa Rica.

Under the Convention, cases can be referred to the Court by either the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights or a state party.

# The extent to which the country has taken steps to become a party to and implements the Inter-American Convention Against Corruption.

For example, the Rome Statute establishing the International Criminal Court defines enforced disappearance as a crime against humanity, and the practice is specifically addressed by the OAS's Inter-American Convention on Forced Disappearance of Persons.

The Convention on Migratory Species ( CMS ) and the Inter-American Convention for the Protection and Conservation of Sea Turtles ( IAC ) have also provided olive ridleys with protection, and led to increased conservation and management for this marine turtle.

The advisory function of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights enables it to respond to consultations submitted by agencies and member states of the Organization of American States regarding the interpretation of the American Convention on Human Rights or other instruments governing human rights in the Americas.

The office of the Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Expression of the Organization of American States ( OAS ) was established by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights ( IACHR ) in 1997 to monitor OAS member states ' compliance with the American Convention on Human Rights in the area of freedom of expression.

See the United Nations website for full text on " Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Civil Aviation ".

* 1988 – The United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances is signed in Vienna.

* United Nations Convention Against Torture ( UNCAT )

* UN Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women ( CEDAW ).

Once these laws were passed, Finnish authorities signed the United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, in 1986.

* Convention Against Torture ( CAT )

* Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women ( CEDAW )

The elements of the crime of money laundering are set forth in the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances and Convention against Transnational Organized Crime.

In any event, many countries are obligated by various international instruments and standards, such as the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances, the Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, and the United Nations Convention against Corruption, and the recommendations of the FATF to enact and enforce money laundering laws in an effort to stop narcotics trafficking, international organised crime, and corruption.

The Netherlands is a party to the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances, and the 1988 United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances.

States that ratify the Convention on the Non-Applicability of Statutory Limitations to War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity agree to not allow limitations claims for these crimes.

The declaration has served as the foundation for two binding UN human rights covenants, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the principles of the Declaration are elaborated in international treaties such as the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the International Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women, the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, the United Nations Convention Against Torture and many more.

* Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, 1981

( article 2 of the Criminal Law Convention on Corruption ( ETS 173 ) of the Council of Europe ).

Passive bribery can be defined as the request or receipt any public official, directly or indirectly, of any undue advantage, for himself or herself or for anyone else, or the acceptance of an offer or a promise of such an advantage, to act or refrain from acting in the exercise of his or her functions ( article 3 of the Criminal Law Convention on Corruption ( ETS 173 )).

A working definition of corruption is also provided as follows in article 3 of the Civil Law Convention on Corruption ( ETS 174 ): For the purpose of this Convention, " corruption " means requesting, offering, giving or accepting, directly or indirectly, a bribe or any other undue advantage or prospect thereof, which distorts the proper performance of any duty or behavior required of the recipient of the bribe, the undue advantage or the prospect thereof.

Where lobbying is ( sufficiently ) regulated, it becomes possible to provide for a distinctive criteria and to consider that trading in influence involves the use of " improper influence ", as in article 12 of the Criminal Law Convention on Corruption ( ETS 173 ) of the Council of Europe.

* the Criminal Law Convention on Corruption ( ETS 173 );

* the Civil Law Convention on Corruption ( ETS 174 );

* the Additional Protocol to the Criminal Law Convention on Corruption ( ETS 191 );

Further conventions were adopted at the regional level under the aegis of the Organization of American States ( OAS or OEA ), the African Union, and in 2003, at the universal level under that of the United Nations Convention against Corruption.

* United Nations Convention against Corruption at Law-Ref. org – fully indexed and crosslinked with other documents

( article 2 of the Criminal Law Convention on Corruption ( ETS 173 ) of the Council of Europe ).

Passive bribery can be defined as the request or receipt any public official, directly or indirectly, of any undue advantage, for himself or herself or for anyone else, or the acceptance of an offer or a promise of such an advantage, to act or refrain from acting in the exercise of his or her functions ( article 3 of the Criminal Law Convention on Corruption ( ETS 173 )).

June 24, 2004, during the first Global Compact Leaders Summit, Kofi Annan announced the addition of a tenth principle against corruption in accordance with the United Nations Convention against Corruption adopted in 2003.

* Convention against Corruption ( disambiguation )

In 2003, the United Nations adopted the UN Convention against Corruption ( UNCAC ).

The summit did, however, promise to implement 50 of the Commission's 90 recommendations including: $ 36bn of debt relief in 100 % debt cancellation delivered for 19 countries ; the launch of the UN Central Emergency Response Fund ( CERF ); doubling previous levels of aid for basic education, to remove school fees, and to scale up efforts to boost girls ’ participation and female literacy ; two million additional Africans given antiretroviral treatment for HIV / AIDS ; immunisation programmes which have stopped the transmission of polio everywhere except Nigeria ; training 20, 000 more African peacekeepers ; tightening controls on the trade in small arms ; working more closely with the African Union and its New Partnership for Africa ( Nepad ) programme to make African governments more accountable to their people ; pressing rich nations to ratify the UN Convention on Corruption ; putting in place measures to return cash looted by dictators from Western banks to the legitimate owners ; and using export credits to clamp down on Western companies who pay bribes.

* United Nations Convention against Corruption

The United Nations Convention against Corruption ( UNCAC ) is the first legally binding international anti-corruption instrument.

During the summit, the United Nations Convention Against Corruption received its thirtieth ratification, and as a result entered into force in December 2005.