When Diabelli died in 1858, Spina continued to run the firm, and published much music by Johann Strauss II and Josef Strauss.

Johann Strauss II ( left ) and Johannes Brahms ( right ) photographed in Vienna

Brahms was a lifelong friend of Johann Strauss II, though they were very different as composers.

* 1825 – Johann Strauss II, Austrian composer ( d. 1899 )

* April 8 – Henrietta Treffz, soprano, first wife of Johann Strauss II ( b. 1818 )

* March 14 – Johann Strauss Senior, Austrian composer ( d. 1849 )

* September 25 – Johann Strauss, Senior, Austrian composer ( b. 1804 )

* October 25 – Johann Strauss, Junior, Austrian composer ( d. 1899 )

* Essay on operettas of Offenbach, Johann Strauss Jr. and their contemporaries

* " Fata Morgana Polka-mazurka ", a 1868 polka by Johann Strauss II

Johann Strauss II's Annen Polka op.

Earlier, Johann Strauss I and Josef Lanner wrote polkas which are either designated as a galop ( quick tempo ) or as a regular polka which may not fall into any of the categories described above.

The polka was also a further source of inspiration for the Strauss family in Vienna when Johann II and Josef Strauss wrote one for plucked string instruments ( pizzicato ) only, the well-known ' Pizzicato polka '.

* Johann Strauss: Die Fledermaus

( The Bat ) is an operetta composed by Johann Strauss II to a German libretto by Karl Haffner and Richard Genée.

However, the peculiarly French custom of the réveillon ( a New Year's Eve supper party ) caused problems, which were solved by the decision to adapt the play as a libretto for Johann Strauss, with the réveillon replaced by a Viennese ball.

The " Johann Strauss of the twentieth century ," Avsenik collaborated with his brother, Vilko, to produce nearly 1000 original compositions and an integral part of the Cleveland-Style legacy.

* " My Lord Marquis ", part of the second act of the comic operetta Die Fledermaus composed by Johann Strauss II

He was a powerful influence on later composers of the operetta genre, particularly Johann Strauss, Jr. and Arthur Sullivan.

* Aschenbrödel ( 1901 ) by Johann Strauss II, adapted and completed by Josef Bayer

The short features Elmer Fudd in the role of Taylor, wearing his styled eyeglasses, who introduces two segments set to pieces by Johann Strauss ( Tales from the Vienna Wood and the Blue Danube, both featuring Porky and Bugs and Daffy respectively ).

Famous composers from the second half of the century include Johann Strauss II, Brahms, Liszt, Čajkovskij, Verdi, and Wagner.

Johann Strauss II

Archduke Charles of Austria, Duke of Teschen (, also known as Karl von Österreich-Teschen ) ( Full name: Karl Ludwig Johann Josef Lorenz of Austria ) ( 5 September 1771 – 30 April 1847 ) was an Austrian field-marshal, the third son of emperor Leopold II and his wife Infanta Maria Luisa of Spain.

The witch trials of the 17th century claimed hundreds of victims in Bamberg, reaching a climax between 1626 and 1631, under the rule of Prince-Bishop Johann Georg II Fuchs von Dornheim.

Frederick Augustus II ( full name: Frederick Augustus Albert Maria Clemens Joseph Vincenz Aloys Nepomuk Johann Baptista Nikolaus Raphael Peter Xavier Franz de Paula Venantius Felix ) ( Dresden, 18 May 1797 – Brennbüchel, Karrösten, Tyrol, 9 August 1854 ) was King of Saxony and a member of the House of Wettin.

Some notable mathematicians include Archimedes of Syracuse, Leonhard Euler, Carl Gauss, Johann Bernoulli, Jacob Bernoulli, Aryabhata, Brahmagupta, Bhaskara II, Nilakantha Somayaji, Omar Khayyám, Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī, Bernhard Riemann, Gottfried Leibniz, Andrey Kolmogorov, Euclid of Alexandria, Jules Henri Poincaré, Srinivasa Ramanujan, Alexander Grothendieck, David Hilbert, Alan Turing, von Neumann, Kurt Gödel, Joseph-Louis Lagrange, Georg Cantor, William Rowan Hamilton, Carl Jacobi, Évariste Galois, Nikolay Lobachevsky, Rene Descartes, Joseph Fourier, Pierre-Simon Laplace, Alonzo Church, Nikolay Bogolyubov and Pierre de Fermat.

Hand-written musical notation by Johann Sebastian Bach | J. S. Bach: beginning of the Prelude from the Suite for Lute in G minor BWV 995 ( transcription of Cello Suite No. 5, BWV 1011 ) BR Bruxelles II.

* February 11 – Johann II, Prince of Liechtenstein ( b. 1840 )

Johann II later wrote a ' New pizzicato polka ' ( Neu pizzicato-polka ), opus 449, culled from music of his operetta ' Fürstin Ninetta '.

His ancestor Johann III von Bodeck ( 1542 – 1595 ) received imperial status from Emperor Rudolf II and was allowed to improve the family's coat of arms.

Daniel was the son of Johann Bernoulli ( one of the " early developers " of calculus ), nephew of Jakob Bernoulli ( who " was the first to discover the theory of probability "), and older brother of Johann II.

When Daniel was seven, his younger brother Johann II Bernoulli was born.

Johann Georg was born in Dresden, the only son of the Elector Johann Georg II and Magdalene Sybille of Brandenburg-Bayreuth.

In character he resembled his father, the Elector Johann Georg II.

Erich Johann Albert Raeder ( 24 April 1876 – 6 November 1960 ) was a naval leader in Germany before and during World War II.

Other famous scholars who have taught at the University of Vienna are: Theodor W. Adorno, Manfred Bietak, Theodor Billroth, Ludwig Boltzmann, Franz Brentano, Anton Bruckner, Rudolf Carnap, Conrad Celtes, Viktor Frankl, Sigmund Freud, Eduard Hanslick, Edmund Hauler, Hans Kelsen, Adam František Kollár, Johann Josef Loschmidt, Fran Miklošič, Oskar Morgenstern, Otto Neurath, Johann Palisa, Pope Pius II, Baron Carl von Rokitansky, August Schleicher, Moritz Schlick, Ludwig Karl Schmarda, Joseph von Sonnenfels, Josef Stefan, Leopold Vietoris, Jalile Jalil, Carl Auer von Welsbach, and Olga Taussky-Todd.

Telemann was one of the most prolific composers in history ( at least in terms of surviving oeuvre ) and was considered by his contemporaries to be one of the leading German composers of the time — he was compared favorably both to his friend Johann Sebastian Bach, who made Telemann the godfather and namesake of his son Carl Philipp Emanuel, and to George Frideric Handel, whom Telemann also knew personally.

Paul Euler was a friend of the Bernoulli family — Johann Bernoulli, who was then regarded as Europe's foremost mathematician, would eventually be the most important influence on young Leonhard.

* 26 August 1854 — Charles Bourseul published an article in the magazine L ' Illustration ( Paris ): " Transmission électrique de la parole " ( electric transmission of speech ), describing a ' make-and-break ' type telephone transmitter later created by Johann Reis.

* 26 October 1861 — Johann Philipp Reis ( 1834 – 1874 ) publicly demonstrated the Reis telephone before the Physical Society of Frankfurt.

Thus, the vocal lines for Papageno — sung by Schikaneder himself — and Monostatos ( Johann Joseph Nouseul ) are often stated first in the strings so the singer can find his pitch, and are frequently doubled by instruments.

This explains why the platypus genus is named Ornithorhynchus — George Shaw named it Platypus in 1799, but the name Platypus had already been given to a group of ambrosia beetles by Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Herbst in 1793.

* Johann Wolfgang von Goethe — Westöstlicher Diwan ( 1819 )

Through Savigny and his circle of friends — German romantics such as Clemens Brentano and Ludwig Achim von Arnim — the Grimms were introduced to the ideas of Johann Gottfried Herder, who felt that German literature should return to what he defined as Volkspoesie ( natural poetry ) as opposed to Kunstpoesie ( artistic poetry ).

Stylistically refined minuets, apart from the social dance context, were introduced — to opera at first — by Jean-Baptiste Lully, who included no less than 92 of them in his theatrical works ( Little 2001 ) and in the late 17th century the minuet was adopted into the suite, such as some of the suites of Johann Sebastian Bach and George Frideric Händel.

“ Frederick Town ” was laid out by Daniel Dulany — a land speculator — in 1745 ; it was settled by a German immigrant party led by a young German Reformed schoolmaster from the Rhineland Palatinate named Johann Thomas Schley ( d. 1790 ), who came to the Maryland colony with his wife, Maria Winz.

* 1821 — Thomas Johann Seebeck invents the thermocouple

* 1604 — Johann Kepler specifies the laws of the rectilinear propagation of light

* 1800 — William Nicholson and Johann Ritter use electricity to decompose water into hydrogen and oxygen, thereby discovering the process of electrolysis, which led to the discovery of many other elements.

* 1801 — Johann Ritter discovers ultraviolet radiation from the Sun

* 1821 — Thomas Johann Seebeck discovers the thermoelectric effect.

* 1603 — Johann Bayer's Uranometria

Various smaller scientific fragments have been collected in the editions of Johann Gottlob Schneider ( 1818 – 21 ) and Friedrich Wimmer ( 1842 — 62 ) and in Hermann Usener's Analecta Theophrastea.

Previous discoveries of photosensitive methods and substances — including silver nitrate by Albertus Magnus in the 13th century, a silver and chalk mixture by Johann Heinrich Schulze in 1724, and Joseph Niépce's bitumen-based heliography in 1822 — contributed to development of the daguerreotype and the other silver based photographic processes that followed-collodion wet plate, and silver gelatin.

* Norbert Rubey, " Johann Strauss, Sr. — ' A Musician by the Grace of God '?

* Johann Strauss Sr. — Biography