Baldwin then travelled north to assist Edessa, under siege from Mawdud of Mosul.

The city of Mosul was under Mawdud ibn Altuntash, and was later ruled by atabegs such as Aksunkur and Zengi.

In 1110, all lands east of the Euphrates were lost to Mawdud of Mosul.

Ibn al-Khashshab succeeded in having Mawdud of Mosul sent to Aleppo's aid, but Radwan was also antagonistic to his Muslim neighbours, even when they tried to help him against the crusaders ; Mawdud was soon murdered by the Hashshashin, possibly with Radwan's approval.

* Qutb ad-Din Mawdud ( 1149-1169 ), the Zengid Emir of Mosul

In 1113, the Seljuk atabeg of Mosul, Sharaf al-Din Mawdud ( r. 1109 – 1113 ), was assassinated in the Umayyad Mosque.

In 1111, Tancred, Baldwin I of Jerusalem, and Bertrand of Tripoli besieged Shaizar for two weeks, but returned home when the army of Mawdud of Mosul cut off their access to food and water.

In 1111, Mawdud bin Altuntash lead an invasion force of Muslims against the Crusader states of Antioch and Edessa.

In 1149 Saif ad-Din Ghazi died, and a younger brother, Qutb ad-Din Mawdud, succeeded him.

He died in November 1149 and was succeeded by another brother, Qutb ad-Din Mawdud.

:: Padişah-i thalath şehireha-i Qostantiniyye, Edirne ve Hüdavendigâr, ül şehireyn-i Dimaşq ve Qahira, tamam Azerbayjan, Mağrib, Barqah, Kayravan, Haleb, ül -‘ Iraq-i ‘ Arab vel ‘ Ajam, Basra, ül-dulan-i Lahsa, Rakka, Musul, Partiyye, Diyârbekir, Kilikiyye, ül vilâyatun-i Erzurum, Sivas, Adana, Karaman, Van, Barbariyye, Habeş, Tunus, Trablus-i Garb, Şam, Kıbrıs, Rodos, Girit, ül vilâyet-i Mora, ül Bahr-i Sefid vel Bahr-i Siyah ve i-swahil, Anadolu, Rumeli, Bagdâd, Kurdistân, Yunanistan, Türkistan, Tatariyye, Çerkesyye, ül mintaqateyn-i Kabarda, Gürjistan, ül-Deşt-i Qipçaq, tamam ül-mamlikat-i Tatar, Kefe ve tamam ül-etraf, Bosna, ül şehir ve hisar-i Belgrat, ül vilâyet-i Sırbistan bil tamam ül-hisareha ve şehireha, tamam Arnavut, tamam Eflak ve Boğdan, ve tamam ül-mustamlak vel-hududeha, ve muteaddit mamalekat ve şehireha, i. e. Emperor of The Three Cities of Constantinople, Adrianople and Bursa, and of the Cities of Damascus and Cairo, of all Azerbaijan, of the Magreb, of Barka, of Kairouan, of Aleppo, of the Arabic and the Persian Iraq, of Basra, of Al-Hasa strip, of Ar Raqqah, of Mosul, of Parthia, of Diyarbakır, of Cilicia, of the provinces of Erzurum, of Sivas, of Adana, of Karaman, Van, of Barbary, of Abyssinia, of Tunisia, of Tripoli, of Damascus, of Cyprus, of Rhodes, of Crete, of the province of Morea, of the Mediterranean Sea, the Black Sea and also their coasts, of Anatolia, Rumelia, Baghdad, Greece, Turkistan, Tartary, Circassia, of the two regions of Kabarda, of Georgia, of the Steppe of Kypchaks, of the whole country of the Tatars, of Kefe and of all the neighboring regions, of Bosnia, of the City and Fort of Belgrade, of the province of Serbia, with all the castles and cities, of all Albania, of all Eflak and Bogdania, as well as all the dependencies and borders, and many other countries and cities.

The element, called Task Force Olympia, deployed to Mosul, Iraq in January 2004, where it assumed its mission from the 101st Airborne Division to form a headquarters to exercise command and control of all coalition and Iraqi forces in northern Iraq.

The 40th Brigade was detached from the division, along with all of the division's artillery, to support the drive to Mosul and north.

Not counting the caliph's new home region of Syria, nor Egypt ( including eastern Libya ; both only recently lost by Byzantium to the Sassanids ), these were Iraq and Mesopotamia ( both Arabized, around ancient Ctesiphon and modern Baghdad respectively around ancient Nineveh and modern Mosul ), Khuzestan around ancient Susa, still partly Arabic ), Armenia, Iberia ( i. e. Trans-Caucasian Georgia ), Arran-Schirwan ( east of it ) all three of the northern front, Azerbaijan ( a Turkic people ) and the ethnic heart of Iran ( Fars which is the eponymous home province, Djibal-the ancient Media -, Gilan, Tabaristan and Djurdjan ( all three on the Caspian Sea coast ), Kerman, Sistan and Khorasan ( including Herat in present Afghanistan ); under the Omayyad dynasty ( 661-750 ) the caliphate expanded further east, adding Sindh ( now southern Pakistan ), Zabulistan ( including Kabul and Ghazna, later the eponymous seat of a mighty break-away Ghaznavid dynasty ) and in Central Asia Tocharistan ( around Balkh ) and Transoxania ( Sogdia, Fergana and Mawara An-Nahr, with Samarkand ).

Above all, the regiment fostered a secure environment that allowed the citizens of Mosul to live in a free and safe city which became a beacon of hope throughout Iraq.

The universities in Basra, Mosul and Arbil, taken together, enrolled 26 percent of all students in higher education in the academic year 1983-84.

In November 1663 again sailed for the East, calling at Alexandria and landing at Sidon, whence he proceeded by land to Damascus, Aleppo, and then through Mesopotamia to Mosul, Baghdad and Mendeli.

The effort did eventually began to reap limited and temporary results in the north-central region of the country ( which includes Tikrit and up to the southern borders of Mosul and Kirkuk ), as informants guided troops over the next six months to hideouts and weapons caches primarily belonging to the Fedayeen Saddam and the remaining Ba ’ athist resistance.

Antioch and the other Crusader States were constantly at war with the Muslim states of Northern Syria and the Jazeerah, principally Aleppo and Mosul.

After returning to Edessa he was able to enlarge the territory of the county, and in 1125 he participated in the Battle of Azaz, a Crusader victory against the atabeg of Mosul, who were led by Il-Burzuki.

Aleppo and Mosul were united under the much stronger ruler Zengi in 1128, and Crusader control of northern Syria began to dwindle.

* December 24 – The County of Edessa falls to Zengi of Mosul ( see Siege of Edessa ).

The Siege of Edessa took place from November 28 to December 24, 1144, resulting in the fall of the capital of the crusader County of Edessa to Zengi, the atabeg of Mosul and Aleppo.

The Church in India was connected to the Church of East through the Catholicos of the East, existed in Edessa, Selucia, Tigris and Mosul in various intervals.

Kerbogha, the governor of Mosul, was marching to relieve Antioch but first stopped at Edessa, which he besieged for three weeks, to no avail.

On Zengi's death, his territories were divided, with Mosul and his lands in Iraq going to his eldest son Saif ad-Din Ghazi I, and Aleppo and Edessa falling to his second son, Nur ad-Din Mahmud.

He was cautious not to attack Jerusalem right away, and even continued to send the yearly tribute established by Mujir ad-Din ; meanwhile he briefly became involved in affairs to the north of Mosul, where a succession dispute in the Sultanate of Rüm threatened Edessa and other cities.

Had Antioch and Edessa not been fighting amongst themselves after the battle, Baldwin may have been able to attack Aleppo ; however, Aleppo and Mosul were soon united under Zengi in 1128.

Later in 1104, Edessa was attacked by Mosul, and both Baldwin and Joscelin were taken prisoner when they were defeated at the Battle of Harran.

By this time, Zengi had united Aleppo and Mosul and began to threaten Edessa ; meanwhile, Joscelin II paid little attention to the security of his county, and argued with the counts of Tripoli who then refused to come to his aid.

Throughout the period under review, the church in India was under the jurisdiction of Edessa, which was then under the Mesopotamian patriarchate at Seleucia-Ctesiphon and later at Baghdad and Mosul.

He was probably slain during the siege of Edessa by Zengi, atabeg of Mosul in 1144.

It is one of the most important mosques in Mosul and one of the few historic mosques that are found on the east side of the city.

This mountain is identified by tradition with a hill near the town of Jazirat ibn Umar on the east bank of the Tigris in the province of Mosul in northern Iraq, and Masudi says that the spot could be seen in his time.

The most commonly accepted opinion about the location is (), east of Mosul in modern-day northern Iraq – suggested by Sir Aurel Stein in 1938 ( see his Limes Report, pp. 127 – 1 )

To the south and east were the powerful Muslim cities of Aleppo and Mosul, and the Jazira ( northern Iraq ).

In 1107, he ventured east and captured Mosul but died the same year fighting Malik Shah's son Mehmed Tapar.

At least three people are killed in an explosion in the east of the capital and four more died in two blasts in the northern city of Mosul.

It began in the west in Sardis ( on the Aegean coast of Lydia, about 60 miles east of İzmir in present-day Turkey ), traveled east through what is now the middle northern section of Turkey, ( crossing the Halys according to Herodotus ) and passed through the Cilician Gates to the old Assyrian capital Nineveh ( present-day Mosul, Iraq ), then turned south to Babylon ( near present-day Baghdad, Iraq ).

At the beginning of the twentieth century, dozens of small Aramaic-speaking Jewish communities were spread throughout a wide area spread between Lake Urmia and the Plain of Mosul, and as far east as Sanandaj.

There is a tribe of the same name east of Mosul, but whereas Minorsky believes the Bajilan of Zohab had come from Mosul, the later scholar D. N.