* " HIV / AIDS, Patents and the TRIPS Agreement: Issues and Options ", United States Congressional Research Service, July 27, 2001

* Tom H. Chia, " Fighting the Smartphone Patent War with RAND-Encumbered Patents ", Berkeley Technology Law Journal, Vol.

* " Stem Cell Research and Patents: An Introduction to the Issues ", United States Congressional Research Service, September 10, 2001

* " Plants, Patents, and Seed Innovation in the Agricultural Industry ", United States Congressional Research Service, September 13, 2002

:*" Motor Car Patents Upheld by Court ", September 16, 1909

*" July 12: Frederick M. Jones Patents Refrigeration System ", Rebecca Goodman and Barrett J. Brunsman, This Day in Ohio History ( Emmis Books, 2005 ) p214

In " The Patents Video ", an unsuspecting victim is surprised by the Patent Troll who strategically positions himself to collect patent licensing revenue.

* Sequential Innovation, Patents, and Imitation, by James Bessen and Eric Maskin, Discussion paper, MIT ( 2000 )

In 1933, the Paper Patents Company in Wisconsin developed a paper metering, cutting, and reeling machine that used a diagonally moving waterjet nozzle to cut a horizontally moving sheet of continuous paper.

Patents give a firm the legal right to stop other firms producing a product for a given period of time, and so restrict entry into a market.

The Patents Company also established a uniform rental rate for all licensed films, thereby removing price as a factor for the exhibitor in film selection, in favor of selection made on quality, which in turn encouraged the upgrading of production values.

The end came with a federal court decision in United States v. Motion Picture Patents Co. on October 1, 1915, which ruled that the MPPC's acts went " far beyond what was necessary to protect the use of patents or the monopoly which went with them " and was therefore an illegal restraint of trade under the Sherman Antitrust Act.

* 1963 – The Convention on the Unification of Certain Points of Substantive Law on Patents for Invention is signed at Strasbourg.

Section 30 ( 1 ) of the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 ( apparently in transposition of Article 5 ( 3 )( d ) of the EU Copyright Directive on " quotations ") allows " fair dealing " with a copyright work for the purpose of criticism or review, provided that it is accompanied by a sufficient acknowledgement.

Patents were awarded to him in the early 1990s on techniques for protecting " biological membranes " and proteins in the dry state.

Patents are justified on the grounds that inventors need to be protected in order to have incentive to invent.

* Patents: Forgent Networks asserts that it owns and will enforce patent rights on the widely used JPEG image compression standard which is used widely on the World Wide Web.

* ETC Group papers on Biopiracy: Topics include: Monsanto ’ s species-wide patent on all genetically modified soybeans ( EP0301749 ); Synthetic Biology Patents ( artificial, unique life forms ); Terminator Seed Technology ; etc ...

Patents on important Micro Channel features, such as Plug and Play automatic configuration, were not granted to IBM until after PCI had replaced MCA in the marketplace.

During that period, he served as chairman of the Committee on Expenditures in the Department of the Interior from 1885 to 1887 and of the Committee on Patents from 1887 to 1889.

Johnson achieved Senate seniority as Chairman of the Committee on Cuban Relations in the Sixty-sixth Congress ; he was also a member of the Patents, Immigration, Territories and Insular Possessions and Commerce committees.

The offices under Patents and the Chief Information Officer that remained just outside the southern end of Crystal City completed moving to Randolph Square, a brand-new building in Shirlington Village, on April 27, 2009.

* Supplement to ITSSD Comments Concerning the WIPO Report on Standards and Patents ( SCP / 13 / 2 ) Paragraph 44, Institute for Trade, Standards and Sustainable Development, ( January 2010 )

The patentability of software, computer programs and computer-implemented inventions under the European Patent Convention ( EPC ) is the extent to which subject matter in these fields is patentable under the Convention on the Grant of European Patents of October 5, 1973.

** Old brochure edited by the EPO: " Computer-implemented Inventions and Patents, Law and Practice at the European Patent Office " ( on the Internet Archive, pdf document, 400KB )

The department is located on the seventh level of the Ministry of Magic, and includes the British and Irish Quidditch League Headquarters, Official Gobstones Club, and the Ludicrous Patents Office – other sports and games-related aspects of the Harry Potter world.

Within a few months, Larkin, then aged 23, was engaged as Motor Department Manager with E. M. Bowden's Patents Syndicate, and he was appointed General Works Manager on 1 May 1904.

" published by the State Committee on Standardization, Metrology and Patents of the Republic of Azerbaijan in 2006.

* Convention on the Unification of Certain Points of Substantive Law on Patents for Invention ( Strasbourg Convention of 1963 )

The EPC 2000 or European Patent Convention 2000 is the version of the European Patent Convention ( EPC ) as revised by the Act Revising the Convention on the Grant of European Patents signed in Munich on November 29, 2000.

A diplomatic conference was held from 20 November to 29 November 2000 in Munich to revise the Convention on the Grant of European Patents of 5 October 1973, amongst other things to integrate in the EPC new developments in international law, especially those of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights ( TRIPs Agreement ) and of the Patent Law Treaty, and to add a level of judicial review of the Boards of Appeal decisions.

* The Patents & c. ( International Conventions ) Act 1938 ( 1 & 2 Geo 6 c 29 )

* The Patents and Designs Act 1907 ( 7 Edw 7 c 29 )

On 12 November, Senator Heffernan announced that a Senate Inquiry would be launched to examine gene patents, saying: " Patents should be for inventions, not for naturally occurring genes.

2416675 Horn antenna system, filed November 26, 1941, Alfred C. Beck, Harold T. Friis on Google Patents

The Convention on the Unification of Certain Points of Substantive Law on Patents for Invention, also called Strasbourg Convention or Strasbourg Patent Convention, is a multilateral treaty signed by Member States of the Council of Europe on November 27, 1963 in Strasbourg, France.

The Supreme Court on June 27, 2008 per Leonardo Quisumbing, dismissed the suit of the Makati City, seeking to nullify Special Patents 3595 and 3596 signed by Fidel Ramos conveying to the Bases Conversion and Development Authority public land in Fort Bonifacio, Taguig City.

After French soldiers had occupied Turin at the end of the 18th century and later abandoned it to the Kingdom of Piedmont, the corps of Royal Carabinieri was instituted under the Royal Patents of July 13, 1814.

* U. S. Patent 3575744 for Nitronium Perchlorate Propellant Composition, at Google Patents

Patents issued at the turn of the 20th century show clear evidence that early researchers were envisioning ways of making flat conductors sandwiched between layers of insulating material to layout electrical circuits to serve in early telephony switching applications.

In the 1930s, Richard Warren at IBM experimented with optical mark sense systems for test scoring, as documented in US Patents 2, 150, 256 ( filed in 1932, granted in 1939 ) and 2, 010, 653 ( filed in 1933, granted in 1935 ).

Scottish herald Thomas Innes of Learney mentioned abatements in marital situations: " The law of arms provides for abating the arms of an adulterer by two gussets sanguine, and where the bearing of arms is necessary this, and one gusset ( they will be close-gussets ) for non-adulterous divorcees, are, at least in Patents, applied in the case of divorcees.

* Automatic Pinsetter at Google Patents

: The State may ratify the Agreement relating to Community Patents drawn up between the Member States of the Communities and done at Luxembourg on the 15th day of December, 1989.

Foundations in Finland must have state approval and register at the National Board of Patents and Registration within six months from its creation.

# have been employed for a period ( s ) of at least three years by a Patent Attorney in New Zealand, The Patent Office, or in a form of employment that offers substantially similar practical experience-see section 100 of the Patents Act 1953:

* Frazier Lens US Patent 5, 727, 236 PDF at Google Patents

The database of Colonial Land Office Patents at the Library of Virginia is the principal source of information as to the identities of those who received grants as Ancient Planters.

The original eight members of the NDRC were: Vannevar Bush, President of the Carnegie Institution ( Chairman ); Rear Admiral Harold G. Bowen ; Conway P. Coe, Commissioner of Patents ; Karl Compton, President of MIT ; James B. Conant, President of Harvard University ; Frank B. Jewett, President of the National Academy of Sciences and President of Bell Telephone Laboratories ; Brigadier General George V. Strong ; and Richard C. Tolman, Professor of Physical Chemistry and Mathematical Physics at California Institute of Technology.

In 1879 a telephone exchange was installed at 101 Leadenhall Street by The Telephone Company Ltd. ( Bell's Patents ) — one of the first in London.

At Sun as the CTO of Project JXTA he filed 40 US Patents, and as Chief Scientist at Peerouette, Inc., 2 US and 2 European Union Patents.

CIPA maintains the Register of Patent Agents under statutory authority on behalf of the Department for Innovation, Universities and Skills and reports to the Comptroller-General of Patents, Trade Marks and Designs at the UK Intellectual Property Office.

Patents having effect in European states may be obtained either nationally, via national patent offices, or via a centralised patent prosecution process at the European Patent Office ( EPO ).