For old-perspective writers the atonement theory of Penal Substitution and the belief in the " finished work " of Christ have been central.

* " Christ Our Penal Substitute " by R. L. Dabney

* In 2006, the Turkish government prosecuted Fatih Tas, owner of the Aram editorial house, two editors and the translator of the revised ( 2001 ) edition of Manufacturing Consent for " stirring hatred among the public " ( per Article 216 of the Turkish Penal Code ) and for " denigrating the national identity " of Turkey ( per Article 301 ), because that edition ’ s introduction addresses the Turkish news media ’ s reportage of governmental suppression of the Kurdish populace in the 1990s ; they were acquitted.

* The Third Law for the Liberalization of the Penal Code ( 1970 ), which liberalized “ the right to political demonstration ”.

He was found guilty under Article 108 of the Indonesian Penal Code ( rebellion ), Law no.

In Romania, pepper spray is banned on sportive and cultural events, public transportation and entertainment locations ( according to Penal Code 2012, art 372, ( 1 ), c ).

Under the Penal Laws, which were in force between the 17th and 19th centuries ( though enforced with varying degrees of severity ), Catholic recusants in Britain and Ireland were barred from public office, while Catholics in Ireland were also barred from entry to the University of Dublin and professions such as law, medicine, and the military.

For example, in People v. Decina, 2 N. Y. 2d 133 ( 1956 ), the defendant, Emil Decina, appealed a conviction under § 1053-a of the New York Penal Code.

Currently, the California Penal Code states ( 2002 ), " The defense of diminished capacity is hereby abolished ... there shall be no defense of diminished capacity, diminished responsibility, or irresistible impulse ..."

The Penal Code of the U. S. state of California states ( 2002 ), " The defense of diminished capacity is hereby abolished ... there shall be no defense of ... diminished responsibility or irresistible impulse ..."

Article 328, paragraph 1 of the Code of Obligations ( OR ), Article 198 ( 2 ) of the Penal Code ( StGB ) and Article 6, paragraph 1 of the Employment Act ( ArG ) contain further statutory provisions on the ban on sexual harassment.

Tarlac is also home province of General Paulino Santos ( from Camiling ), who served as commander of Penal Colonies of South-Western Mindanao.

Though Indian law doesn't use the term ' Eve Teasing ', victims usually seek recourse through Section 298 ( A ) and ( B ) of the Indian Penal Code ( IPC ), which sentences a man found guilty of making a girl or woman the target of obscene gestures, remarks, songs or recitation to a maximum jail sentence of three months.

The authors of the Penal Code of 1810 had the option of reintroducing a law against male homosexuality ( as was eventually done in the Soviet Union ), but there is no evidence that they even considered doing so.

The Dead and the Living ( Павшие и Живые, premiered in October 1965 ) included Vysotsky's Stars ( Звёзды ), The Soldiers of Heeresgruppe Mitte ( Солдаты группы " Центр ") and Penal Battalions ( Штрафные батальоны ), the striking examples of a completely new kind of a war song, never heard in his country before.

This expert panel who gave both written and oral evidence consisted of Nick Hardwick ( Her Majesty's Chief Inspector of Prisons ), Paul Cook ( G4S children's services ), Eric Baskind ( British Self Defence Governing Body, Liverpool John Moores University ), Malcolm Stevens ( JusticeCare Solutions ), Laura Janes ( Howard League for Penal Reform ), John Drew ( Youth Justice Board for England and Wales ), Sue Berelowitz ( Office of the Children's Commissioner ) and Carolyne Willow ( CRAE ).

Along with Catholic Irish, they were legally disadvantaged by the Penal Laws, which gave full rights only to members of the state church ( the Church of Ireland ), who were mainly Anglo-Irish and converts or the descendants of English settlers.

In particular, the term " enemy of the workers " was formalized in the Article 58 ( RSFSR Penal Code ), and similar articles in the codes of the other Soviet Republics.

In May 2009, a group of twelve French veterans, in the campaign group " Truth and Justice ", who claim to have suffered health effects from nuclear testing in the 1960s had their claims denied by the government Commission for the Indemnification of Victims of Penal Infraction ( CIVI ), and again by a Paris appeals court, citing laws which set a statute of limitations for damages to 1976.

In France, the Revolutionary Penal Code of 1791 punished acts of this nature only when someone's rights were injured ( i. e., in the case of a non-consensual act ), which had the effect of the complete legalization of homosexuality.

The Portuguese general prosecutor, Cândida Almeida, head of the Central Investigation and Penal Action Department ( DCIAP ), announced the opening of investigations on 5 February 2007.

Members of the band and others in the chain of distribution were charged with violating the California Penal Code on a misdemeanor charge carrying a maximum penalty of up to a year in county jail and a base fine of up to $ 2, 000.

For about the next 10 years, the country saw a steady process of secular Westernization through Atatürk's Reforms, which included the unification of education ; the discontinuation of religious and other titles ; the closure of Islamic courts and the replacement of Islamic canon law with a secular civil code modeled after Switzerland's and a penal code modeled after the Italian Penal Code ; recognition of the equality between the sexes and the granting of full political rights to women on 5 December 1934 ; the language reform initiated by the newly founded Turkish Language Association ; replacement of the Ottoman Turkish alphabet with the new Turkish alphabet derived from the Latin alphabet ; the dress law ( the wearing of a fez, is outlawed ); the law on family names ; and many others.

The Penal Code criminalizes the deliberate promotion by someone of enmity, hatred or ill-will between different racial and religious groups on grounds of race or religion.

Prior to the establishment of Glasnevin Cemetery, Irish Catholics had no cemeteries of their own in which to bury their dead and, as the repressive Penal Laws of the eighteenth century placed heavy restrictions on the public performance of Catholic services, it had become normal practice for Catholics to conduct a limited version of their own funeral services in Protestant cemeteries.

There are severe restrictions on children in India on their rights to have a relationship with both parents, when they are separated / divorced, especially when laws to protect women & children ( such as Domestic Violence Act, 2006 or Sec. 498A of Indian Penal Code ) are abused or misused by women.

However, many modern penal codes have created levels of mens rea called modes of culpability, which depend on the surrounding elements of the crime: the conduct, the circumstances, and the result, or what the Model Penal Code calls CAR ( conduct, attendant circumstances, result ).

Louis introduced the Guilder, founded several major institutions ( some of which exist to this day ) and had a Penal Law Code compiled, largely modeled on French law.

Milošević issued media blackouts of independent media stations ' coverage of protests against his government and restricted freedom of speech through reforms to the Serbian Penal Code which issued criminal sentences on anyone who " ridiculed " the government and its leaders, resulting in many people being arrested who opposed Milošević and his government.

Clemenceau left France for the United States when the Imperial agents began cracking down on dissidents ( sending most of them to the bagne de Cayennes ( Devil's Island Penal System ) in French Guiana.

Taken along with the highly significant Catholic Relief Act 1829 which O ' Connell had also vigorously campaigned for, and which saw amongst other things repeal of the remaining Penal Laws, many of the substantial restrictions on Catholics in the United Kingdom were now lifted.

According to Nikita Khrushchev's 1956 speech, " On the Personality Cult and its Consequences ," and more recent findings, a great number of accusations, notably those presented at the Moscow show trials, were based on forced confessions, often obtained by torture, and on loose interpretations of Article 58 of the RSFSR Penal Code, which dealt with counter-revolutionary crimes.

An example of the obligation to help a person is the Argentina law on " abandonment of persons ", Articles 106-108 of the Argentine Penal Code, which include the provision in Article 106 " a person who endangers the life or health of another, either by putting a person in jeopardy or abandoning to their fate a person unable to cope alone who must be cared for ... will be imprisoned for between 2 and 6 years ".

The Popery Act ( Penal Law ) of 1704 required land held ( typically in tenancy ) by Roman Catholics to be divided equally between all the sons, both legitimate and illegitimate, on his death.

Indeed, cannabis necessarily implies to hold, and thus to buy or to produce, leaving free the judge to penalize the user on the basis of the Code of Public Health ( use ) or the Penal Code ( possession / trafficking / production ).

In the Penal Colony describes the last use of an elaborate torture and execution device that carves the sentence of the condemned prisoner on his skin in a script before letting him die, all in the course of twelve hours.

* In 2000 composer Philip Glass wrote a chamber opera, In the Penal Colony, based on the Kafka story.

# The sub-section on " Penal and disciplinary sanctions " is subdivided into three parts:

* Edmund Burke-Letter on the Penal Laws Against Irish Catholics

* Papers on the Penal Servitude Acts ( 1864 )

21. 06 of the Texas Penal Code, had been adopted in 1973 when the state revised its criminal code to end its proscription on heterosexual anal and oral intercourse.