By 1931 he was named director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Cell Physiology, which was founded the previous year by a donation of the Rockefeller Foundation to the Kaiser Wilhelm Gesellschaft ( since renamed the Max Planck Society ).

* 1954-First edition of Avian Physiology published By Paul D. Sturkie.

* Biology: Angela Belcher ( awarded 2004 MacArthur " Genius " Fellowship ), Carol W. Greider ( shared the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 2009 ), Richard Anthony Jefferson, John La Puma

* March 17 – Georges J. F. Kohler, German biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ( d. 1995 )

* June 4 – Robert F. Furchgott, American chemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ( d. 2009 )

** John F. Enders, American scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ( d. 1985 )

* The Physiology of Industry ( written with Albert F. Mummery ) ( 1889 ).

Other notable Union alumni include: Dr. Baruch Samuel Blumberg ( 1946 ), winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ; Henry Wager Halleck ( 1837 ), chief of staff for the Union Armies during the Civil War ; William F. Fox ( 1869 ) Superintendent of Forests at the Adirondack Park in New York State ; Howard Simons ( 1951 ), managing editor of The Washington Post during the Watergate era ; Nikki Stone ( 1995 ), winner of a gold medal in the 1998 Winter Olympics for aerial skiing ; and Armand V. Feigenbaum ( 1942 ), American businessman and developer of the concept of Total Quality Management ( TQM ).

He shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1984 with Georges J. F. Köhler and César Milstein " or theories concerning the specificity in development and control of the immune system and the discovery of the principle for production of monoclonal antibodies ".

Milstein shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1984 with Niels Kaj Jerne and Georges J. F. Köhler.

Alexis Carrel ( June 28, 1873 – November 5, 1944 ) was a French surgeon and biologist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1912 for pioneering vascular suturing techniques.

While there he collaborated with American physician Charles Claude Guthrie in work on vascular suture and the transplantation of blood vessels and organs as well as the head, and Carrel was awarded the 1912 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for these efforts.

His best-known discoveries are the enzyme lysozyme in 1923 and the antibiotic substance penicillin from the mould Penicillium notatum in 1928, for which he shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945 with Howard Florey and Ernst Boris Chain.

* 2003 – Bernard Katz, German biophysicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ( b. 1911 )

" Physiologic-and Adenylate Cyclase-Coupled Beta-Adrenergic Receptors ", " Pathologic Physiology Mechanisms of Disease ", 143-145.

Gerty Cori and Carl Cori jointly won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine | Nobel Prize in 1947 for their discovery of the Cori cycle at RPMI.

In his On the Will in Nature, " Physiology and Pathology ," Schopenhauer said that a concept is " drawn off from previous images ... by putting off their differences.

* For cavitation in plants, see Plant Physiology by Taiz and Zeiger.

Dartmouth has also graduated three Nobel Prize winners: Owen Chamberlain ( Physics, 1959 ), K. Barry Sharpless ( Chemistry, 2001 ), and George Davis Snell ( Physiology or Medicine, 1980 ).

The Swiss chemist Paul Hermann Müller was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1948 " for his discovery of the high efficiency of DDT as a contact poison against several arthropods.

First synthesized in 1874 by Othmar Zeidler, DDT's insecticidal properties were not discovered until 1939 by the Swiss scientist Paul Hermann Müller, who was awarded the 1948 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine for his efforts.

* 1988 – Nikolaas Tinbergen, Dutch ornithologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ( b. 1907 )

Although many naturalists have studied aspects of animal behaviour throughout history, the modern discipline of ethology is generally considered to have begun during the 1930s with the work of Dutch biologist Nikolaas Tinbergen and Austrian biologists Konrad Lorenz and Karl von Frisch, joint winners of the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

For this and subsequent work they were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1962 with Maurice Wilkins.

Classics of food writing, such as the 18th century French gastronome Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin ’ s Physiologie du goût ( The Physiology of Taste ), predate the term and have helped to shape its meaning.

Whipple shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1934 with George Richards Minot and William Parry Murphy " for their discoveries concerning liver therapy in cases of anemia.

In presenting the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1934, Professor I. Holmgren of the Nobel committee observed that " Of the three prize winners, it was Whipple who first occupied himself with the investigations for which the prize is now awarded.

For instance Coxe ( 1846 ) lists a Prolegomena, or introductory books, followed by 7 classes of treatise embracing Physiology ( 28 vols.

In 1968, Khorana, Holley and Nirenberg received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work.

For this discovery, they won the 1994 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

* In 2005, Barry Marshall and Robin Warren of Australia were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discovery of Helicobacter pylori ( 1982 / 1983 ) and its role in peptic ulcer disease.

He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1905 for his tuberculosis findings.

Later, in his The Physiology of Fascination ( 1855 ), Braid conceded that his original terminology was misleading, and argued that the term " hypnotism " or " nervous sleep " should be reserved for the minority ( 10 %) of subjects who exhibit amnesia, substituting the term " monoideism ", meaning concentration upon a single idea, as a description for the more alert state experienced by the others.

Meanwhile his works were translated into German by Wilhelm T. Preyer, Professor of Physiology at Jena University.

* Physiology or Medicine – Hermann Joseph Muller

* April 1 – Joseph Murray, American surgeon, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

* April 18 – Joseph L. Goldstein, American scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

* April 5 – Hermann Joseph Muller, American geneticist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ( b. 1890 )

Four Nobel laureates are currently among its staff – Sir Andre Geim ( Physics, 2010 ), Sir Kostya Novoselov ( Physics, 2010 ), Sir John Sulston ( Physiology and Medicine, 2002 ) and Joseph Stiglitz ( Economics, 2001 ).

Dr. Joseph Murray of Harvard Medical School and chief plastic surgeon at Children's Hospital Boston from 1972-1985 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1990 for his work on immunosuppression.

The Austrian physician Franz Joseph Gall presented the science of phrenology in the early 19th century through his work The Anatomy and Physiology of the Nervous System in General, and of the Brain in Particular.

Diarmid Noel Paton ( son of the artist Joseph Noel Paton ) was Regius Professor of Physiology, and Edward Provan Cathcart ( E. P.

* Joseph Fairweather Lamb, academic and former Chandos Chair of Physiology at the University of St Andrews

He was the son of Joseph Gamgee, a veterinary surgeon and the sibling of Dr John Gamgee, inventor and Professor of Anatomy and Physiology at Dick Veterinary College, Edinburgh and Dr Arthur Gamgee, Fullerian Professor of Physiology and Comparative Anatomy at The Royal Institution of Great Britain, London.

Herbert Spencer Gasser ( July 5, 1888 – May 11, 1963 ) was an American physiologist, and recipient of the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1944 for his work with action potentials in nerve fibers while on the faculty of Washington University in St. Louis, awarded jointly with Joseph Erlanger.

He passed the 1st MB exam in 1851, receiving the gold medal in Dr. Sharpey's class of Physiology & Anatomy, and the silver medal in Zoology & Comparative Anatomy ; the gold medal in the latter subject was taken by his fellow-student, Joseph Lister.

Dr. Joseph Murray, chief plastic surgeon at Children's Hospital Boston from 1972 to 1985 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1990 for his research on immunosuppression.

In 1990 he shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Joseph E. Murray for the development of cell and organ transplantation.

He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Joseph L. Goldstein in 1985 for describing the regulation of cholesterol metabolism.

In 1984 he was awarded the Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize from Columbia University together with Joseph L. Goldstein ( Co-recipient of 1985 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ). In 1988, Brown received National Medal of Science for his contributions to the world of Medicine.

* Joseph E. Murray ( Physiology, 1990 )