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* Piri Reis map: several ancient astronauts authors, and others such as Gavin Menzies and Charles Hapgood, suggested that this map, made by the Turkish admiral Piri Reis from a diverse range of sources centuries before Antarctica was discovered, features that continent and even has many points of continuity with modern maps of Antarctica below its ice sheets.
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Piri and Reis
The survey was run and coordinated from the Institute of Marine Sciences research ship, the R / V Koca Piri Reis.
Under Ottoman rule, in Ottoman Turkish, Crete was called Girit ( Ottoman Turkish: كريت, as recorded by Piri Reis ).
* Piri Reis ( 1465c. 1554 ), whose Piri Reis map is the oldest surviving world map to include the Americas and possibly Antarctica
Piri Reis ( full name Hacı Ahmed Muhiddin Piri-Hadji Ahmed Muhiddin Piri, Ahmet ibn-i el-Haç Mehmet El Karamani ; Reis was a Turkish military rank akin to that of captain ) was an Ottoman admiral, geographer and cartographer born between 1465 and 1470, and died in 1554 or 1555.
In 1528 Piri Reis drew a second world map, of which a small fragment ( showing Greenland and North America from Labrador and Newfoundland in the north to Florida, Cuba and parts of Central America in the south ) still survives.
He was the son of Hadji Mehmed Piri, and began engaging in government-supported privateering ( a common practice in the Mediterranean Sea among both the Muslim and Christian states of the 15th and 16th centuries ) when he was young, in 1481, following his uncle Kemal Reis, a well-known corsair and seafarer of the time, who later became a famous admiral of the Ottoman Navy.
When his uncle Kemal Reis died in 1511 ( his ship was wrecked by a storm in the Mediterranean Sea, while he was heading to Egypt ), Piri returned to Gelibolu, where he started working on his studies about navigation.
In 1547, Piri had risen to the rank of Reis ( admiral ) as the Commander of the Ottoman Fleet in the Indian Ocean and Admiral of the Fleet in Egypt, headquartered in Suez.
Turning further east, Piri Reis captured the island of Hormuz in the Strait of Hormuz, at the entrance of the Persian Gulf.
Piri and map
In 1513, the Ottoman Turkish admiral Piri Reis drew a world map that has been said to show part of the Antarctic continent.
Hapgood concluded that advanced cartographic knowledge appears on the Piri Reis map and the Oronteus Finaeus map, and must be the result of some unknown and advanced ancient civilization that developed astronomy, navigational instruments, plane geometry and trigonometry, long before Greece or any other known civilization.
Piri and several
One of the maps ( portolani ) of Piri Reis, taken from the Kitab-i Bahriye, which Piri produced in several editions, supplementing in 1520, but integrating it into subsequent editions.
McIntosh, in comparing the Piri Reis map to several other portolan-style maps of the era, found that
He suggests several points of continuity between the Piri Reis Map and modern maps of the continent below the ice sheets.
Piri and ancient
He concludes that " Antarctica was mapped when these parts were free of ice ", taking that view that an Antarctic warm period coincided with the last ice age in the Northern hemisphere, and that the Piri Reis and other maps were based on " ancient " maps derived from ice-age originals.
The Keia district contains at least two ancient burial caves, Kauvava and Piri Te Umeume, which were accessed by diagonal descents through boulder-strewn roof collapses from the top of the makatea, the limestone cliffs that form a concentric ring around the central basalt core of the island ( Anton and Steadman 2003: 133, 136 ).
Piri and others
Colón inspired other writers such as Piri Thomas, Esmeralda Santiago, Nicholasa Mohr, Pedro Pietri, and others.
Piri and such
Obsessed by the concept of a large central dome, Sinan turned to the plans of mosques such as the Fatih Pasha Mosque in Diyarbakır or the Piri Pasha Mosque in Hasköy.
Piri and Charles
Piri and Hapgood
Piri and made
In Maps of the Ancient Sea Kings he supported the suggestion made by Arlington Mallery that a part of the Piri Reis Map was a depiction of the area of Antarctica known as Queen Maud Land.
* Piri piri-Also known as the African birds-eye chili, the unique characteristic of sauces made with this pepper is the delayed sensation of heat when consumed.
In their account as reported by the geographer Olfert Dapper, the region where Loango would be constructed was populated by a number of small polities including Mayumba, Kilongo, Piri and Wansi, " each with their own leader " who " made war on each other.
Piri and by
Today, based on the Ottoman archives, we know that his full name was " Hadji Ahmed Muhiddin Piri " and that he was born either in Gelibolu ( Gallipoli ) on the European part of the Ottoman Empire ( in present-day Turkish Thrace ), or in Karaman ( his father's birthplace ) in central Anatolia, then the capital of the Beylik of Karaman ( annexed by the Ottoman Empire in 1487 ).
The honorary and informal Islamic title Hadji ( Turkish: Hacı ) in Piri's ( Hadji Ahmed Muhiddin Piri ) and his father's ( Hadji Mehmed Piri ) names indicate that they had completed the Hajj ( Islamic pilgrimage ) by going to Mecca during the dedicated period of Hadjj and fulfilling the required rituals.
Aden rose against the Ottomans however and invited the Portuguese instead, so that the Portuguese were in control of the city until its seizure by Piri Reis in the Capture of Aden ( 1548 ).
However there was to be some confiscation of land and this was resisted by one small hapu or sub-tribe, the Piri Rakau led by a Hau Hau prophet, Hakaraia.
Down These Mean Streets is a memoir by Piri Thomas, a Latino of Puerto Rican and Cuban descent who grew up in El Barrio ( aka Spanish Harlem ), a section of Harlem that has a large Puerto Rican population.
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