Some of these sources present an extensive list of everyday prohibitions for the Pontifex Maximus ; it seems difficult to reconcile these lists with evidence that many Pontifices Maximi were prominent members of society who lived normal, non-restricted lives.

Since the Pontifices were often politicians, and because a Roman magistrate's term of office corresponded with a calendar year, this power was prone to abuse: a Pontifex could lengthen a year in which he or one of his political allies was in office, or refuse to lengthen one in which his opponents were in power.

The term " chief priests " in the New Testament ( e. g. Mark 15: 11 ) is translated as Pontifices in the Latin Vulgate and " high priest " as Pontifex in Hebrews 2: 17, etc.

Each councilor appoints seven Pontifices.

In 1569, the papal bull Consueverunt Romani Pontifices by the Dominican Pope Pius V officially established the devotion to the rosary in the Catholic Church.

The number of Pontifices, elected by co-optatio ( i. e. the remaining members nominate their new colleague ) for life, was originally five, including the pontifex maximus.

The main duty of the Pontifices was to maintain the pax deorum or " peace of the gods.

The Pontifices were in charge of the Roman calendar and determined when intercalary months needed to be added to synchronize the calendar to the seasons.

Most authors contend that the power of naming the Pontifices was not really used as an instrumentum regni, an enforcing power.

** Some priests ( e. g., the Flamen Dialis, Pontifices, Tresviri Epulones, the augurs, and the Arval brothers ).

He also was involved in the passage of two laws ; the first was his support for the Lex Ogulnia, which resulted in the opening up of the College of Pontifices and the College of Augurs to the Plebeians.

In this myth she is shown as counselor and guide to King Numa in the establishment of the original framework of laws and rituals of Rome, and in this role she is somehow uniquely in Roman mythology associated with " sacred books "; Numa ( Latin " numen " designates " the expressed will of a deity ") is reputed to have written down the teachings of Egeria in " sacred books " that he made bury with him ; when some chance accident brought them back to light some 400 years later, they were deemed by the Senate inappropriate for disclosure to the people and destroyed by their order ; what made them inappropriate was certainly of " political " nature but apparently has not been handed down by Valerius Antias, the source that Plutarch was using. Dionysius of Halicarnassus hints that they were actually kept as a very close secret by the Pontifices.

His first cousins included the consuls and Pontifices maximi Publius Licinius Crassus Dives Mucianus and Publius Mucius Scaevola.

He was nephew and son of two men elected Pontifices Maximi, and would himself be elected chief priest of Rome.

With the establishment of the Syro-Malabar Hierarchy on December 21, 1923 by the Bull ‘ Romani Pontifices ’ of Pope Pius XI, the Diocese of Thrissur, Changanacherry and Kottayam became suffragans of the Archdiocese of Ernakulam thereby constituting the first Syro-Malabar Province.

The provisions of the papal constitution Romanos Pontifices are extended to the United States.

For example, it reinstated the ceremonies and obligations of the Collegium Pontificum and the position of Pontifex Maximus of the ancient Roman polytheistic religion and created Christian orders to replace the ancient Roman ones such as the Vestal Virgins and the flamines.

For the Reformers, the culmination of this gradual corruption was typified, in a concentrated way, in the office of the Pope who took on ancient titles such as Pontifex Maximus and supreme power in the church, which they characterized in its final form as being an usurpatious throne of Satanic authority set up in pretense of ruling over the Kingdom of God.

Several other titles and offices were regularly accumulated by emperors, such as caesar, princeps senatus, consul and Pontifex Maximus.

Fortunately, there was plentiful material for Cicero to build this profile, such as the Bona Dea incident in 62BC ; involving Clodius stealing into the abode of the Pontifex Maximus of the time, Julius Caesar, during the ritual festival of the Bona Dea, to which only women were allowed.

Dum Diversas, along with other bulls such as Romanus Pontifex ( 1455 ), Ineffabilis et summi ( 1497 ), Dudum pro parte ( 1516 ), and Aequum reputamus ( 1534 ) document the Portuguese ius patronatus.

* 1455-With the bull Romanus Pontifex the patronage of missions in new countries behind Cape Bojador is given to the Portuguese ( see " Padroado ").

According to Livy, his first act as king was to order the Pontifex Maximus to copy the text concerning the performance of public ceremonies of religion from the commentaries of Numa Pompilius to be displayed to the public, so that the rites of religion should no longer be neglected or improperly performed.

The following day, 14 September, the Senate confirmed Domitian's powers, granting tribunician power, the office of Pontifex Maximus, and the titles of Augustus, and Pater Patriae.

In 63 BC, he ran for election to the post of Pontifex Maximus, chief priest of the Roman state religion.

", i. e., " Benedict XVI, Pontifex Maximus, in the year of Our Lord 2005, the first year of his pontificate.

Pontifex Maximus, similar in meaning to Summus Pontifex, is a title commonly found in inscriptions on papal buildings, paintings, statues and coins, usually abbreviated as " Pont.

: Ad Castrum Fumorense prop Alatrium in Latio, natalis sancti Petri Caelestini, qui, cum vitam eremeticam in Aprutio ageret, fama sanctitatis et miraculorum clarus, octogenarius Romanus Pontifex electus est, assumpto nomine Caelestini Quinti, sed eodem anno munere se abdicavit et solitudinem recedere maluit.

This bull reaffirmed the Portuguese right to reduce infidels and the Moors to servitude by the earlier bulls Romanus Pontifex and Dum Diversas, thus reaffirming the papal consent to the enslavement of Africans.

This confirmation of Romanus Pontifex also gave the Portuguese the military Order of Christ under Prince Henry the Navigator.

Siricius is also one of the Popes presented in various sources as having been the first to bear the title Pontifex Maximus.

The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church indicates instead that it was in the fifteenth century ( when the Renaissance stirred up new interest in ancient Rome ) that " Pontifex Maximus " became a regular title of honour for Popes.

The two papal bulls issued by Pope Nicholas V, Dum Diversas of 1452 and Romanus Pontifex of 1455, had effectively given the Portuguese the rights to acquire slaves along the African coast by force or trade.

Since the 18th century, particularly during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, some wealthy or ennobled families embraced Catholicism, including branches of the Asquith, Bellingham ( Ireland ), Bowyer ( England ), Calvert ( Maryland ), Cary-Elwes / Elwes ( since 1872 ), Feilding ( England ), Forbes ( Ireland ), Leslie ( Ireland ), Fraser ( Scotland ), Lane-Fox, Meynell, Noel ( Gainsborough ), Ashton Case ( or Ashton-Case ; England ), Radcliffe ( England ), Monckton, Pakenham ( Ireland ), Pontifex ( England ), Crichton-Stuart ( Scotland ) and Strickland ( Counts of Catena, Malta ) families.

He also established the office and duties of Pontifex Maximus.

The king's religious powers were given to two new offices: the Rex Sacrorum and the Pontifex Maximus.

The approval of slavery under these conditions was reaffirmed and extended in his Romanus Pontifex bull of 1455.

* In Fire Emblem: The Sacred Stones, Pontifex Mansel leads the Theocracy of Rausten.

* Emperor Augustus is given the title Pontifex Maximus.

Because of his Christian beliefs, he eliminates Pontifex Maximus as Imperial title.

The Senate gives him the rank of Pontifex Maximus.

* March 7 – Emperor Antoninus Pius dies and is succeeded by Marcus Aurelius who shares imperial power with Lucius Verus, although Marcus retains the title Pontifex Maximus.

* Gratian renounces the title Pontifex Maximus.

* 712 BC: Numa Pompilius creates the office of Pontifex Maximus.

He takes the title Pontifex Maximus, after it is relinquished by late emperor Gratian.