Among these are the Koestler Parapsychology Unit at the University of Edinburgh ; the Parapsychology Research Group at Liverpool Hope University ( this closed in April 2011 ); the SOPHIA Project at the University of Arizona ; the Consciousness and Transpersonal Psychology Research Unit of Liverpool John Moores University ; the Center for the Study of Anomalous Psychological Processes at the University of Northampton ; and the Anomalistic Psychology Research Unit at Goldsmiths, University of London.

The first half of the 20th century saw the publication of two influential textbooks that soon came to be regarded as founding documents of chemical thermodynamics, both of which used and extended Gibbs's work in that field: these were Thermodynamics and the Free Energy of Chemical Processes ( 1923 ), by Gilbert N. Lewis and Merle Randall, and Modern Thermodynamics by the Methods of Willard Gibbs ( 1933 ), by Edward A. Guggenheim.

This formed the basis of his seminal Radiative and Photochemical Processes in Mesospheric Dynamics that was published in four parts in the Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences between 1965 and 1966 .< ref > See also The first of these, Part I: Models for Radiative and Photochemical Processes, was co-authored with his Harvard colleague and former Ph. D. thesis advisor, Richard M. Goody, who is well known for his 1964 textbook Atmospheric Radiation.

Processes in these industries require highly specialized expertise in planning, cost estimating, design, and construction.

The earliest Balanced Scorecards comprised simple tables broken into four sections-typically these " perspectives " were labeled " Financial ", " Customer ", " Internal Business Processes ", and " Learning and Growth ".

The first of these, " Theory of Markov Processes ", was published in 1959, and lay the foundations of the theory.

More information on all of these activities can be found in the chapter # Managing Risks and Planning Deliveries and the paragraph # Acquisition initiation in the chapter # Managing Acquisition Processes.

Processes communicate among each other using these shared objects — by updating the state of the objects as and when needed.

( 2005 ) found evidence that overlapping Product Development Processes only accelerate New Product Development projects if these are executed by a cross-functional team, vice versa.

Processes involving phase transitions, such as the drying of adhesives or melting of alloys, liquid transport, chemical reactions, and solid-air-gas systems, in general cannot be observed.

Hoare's most significant work has been in the following areas: his sorting algorithm ( Quicksort ), Hoare logic, the formal language Communicating Sequential Processes ( CSP ) used to specify the interactions between concurrent processes, structuring computer operating systems using the monitor concept, and the axiomatic specification of programming languages.

Processes are often called " tasks " in embedded operating systems.

Processes are automated by computer systems such as VDX based on ISO ILL standards 10161 and 10160.

In computer science, Communicating Sequential Processes ( CSP ) is a formal language for describing patterns of interaction in concurrent systems.

* CADP ( Construction and Analysis of Distributed Processes ) a toolbox for the design of communication protocols and distributed systems

* FDR2, a model checker for verifying real-time systems modeled and specified as CSP Processes

His most influential papers have been " The Contribution of Excitons to the Complex Dielectric Constant of Crystals " ( 1958 ), describing the polariton ; “ Electron transfer between biological molecules by thermally activated tunneling ” ( 1974 ), describing the quantum mechanics of long-range electron transfers ; " Kinetic Proofreading: a New Mechanism for Reducing Errors in Biosynthetic Processes Requiring High Specificity " ( 1974 ); " Neural networks and physical systems with emergent collective computational abilities " ( 1982 ) ( known as the Hopfield Network ) and, with D. W. Tank, “ Neural computation of decisions in optimization problems ” ( 1985 ).

* Processes within the virtual server are queued on the same scheduler as on the host, allowing guests processes to run concurrently on SMP systems.

Likewise, the term: " Universal " implies depth and breadth of integration capabilities that transcend disparate operating systems, protocols, APIs, Data Sources, Programming Languages, Composite Processes, Discrete Services, and Monolithic Applications.

Processes involved with differentiation and growth of embryonic and fetal cells are under the tight control of a myriad of messaging systems, some of which involve hormones.

* Information Processes and Technology, a Higher School Certificate ( HSC ) course in information systems

Processes such as sanding or rasping have one sort of effect, while cutting ( planing, chiseling, gouging, or other carving ) leaves the surface with a distinctively clear and fresh appearance, particularly if the tool is well-sharpened.

Processes to reduce pathogens have no effect on heavy metals and may or may not have effects on the levels of other trace pollutants in biosolids.

Processes of rationalization — as progress for the sake of progress — may in many cases have what critical theory says is a negative and dehumanising effect on modern society.

Processes and studies like this are allowing for a better understanding on how to conserve on what we are using and finding ways to put back something that may have been lost before.

They have been among the executive editors of the Journal of Educational Measurement, Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, Journal of Educational Psychology, Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, and Discourse Processes.

Processes run on any node have full access to the resources of all nodes.

Processes are also removed from the run queue when they ask to sleep, are waiting on a resource to become available, or have been terminated.

Processes started by a regular user gain a Medium IL ; elevated processes have High IL.

Processes that are directly part of the operating system, called Independent Runners, have the highest priority regardless of numeric priority value.

Processes that have terminated are marked as completed.

Processes may have durations and be scheduled to occur at specific time periods.

Processes run over time and have a continuous effect on numeric values.

Processes within oil refineries or natural gas processing plants that remove mercaptans and / or hydrogen sulfide are commonly referred to as sweetening processes because they result in products which no longer have the sour, foul odors of mercaptans and hydrogen sulfide.

Processes within oil refineries or chemical processing plants that remove hydrogen sulfide and / or mercaptans are commonly referred to as sweetening processes because they result in products which no longer have the sour, foul odors of mercaptans and hydrogen sulfide.

Processes of analogy have created coinages like petrodollar, psycho-warfare, microwave on such models as petrochemical, psychology, microscope.

Thought Processes: The ability to have logical, coherent, and abstract thoughts.

Communicating Sequential Processes ( CSP ), Calculus of Communicating Systems ( CCS ) and Pi have higher-level synchronization behaviours defined implicitly through the composition of events at the interfaces of concurrent processes.

Lean government approaches typically have the following characteristics :< ref > U. S. Environmental Protection Agency and the Environmental Council of States, Working Smart for Environmental Protection: Improving State Agency Processes with Lean and Six Sigma, U. S. EPA Publication # EPA-100-R-08-007, March 2008, p. 3.

Processes that have no input channels act as data sources and processes that have no output channels act as data sinks.

occam is a concurrent programming language that builds on the Communicating Sequential Processes ( CSP ) process algebra, and shares many of its features.

GMI focused on creating leaders for business and industry ( sometimes called the West Point of Industry ) and pioneered many educational firsts including the co-op program ( following the development of this program at the University of Cincinnati in 1907 ), freshmen level manufacturing courses ( Production Processes I & II ), and automotive degree specialties.

Processes are not limited to fluidic flow through pipes, however, and can also include things like paper machines and their associated quality controls ( see quality control system QCS ), variable speed drives and motor control centers, cement kilns, mining operations, ore processing facilities, and many others.

His classic book Probability, Random Variables, and Stochastic Processes is used as a textbook in many graduate-level probability courses in electrical engineering departments all over the world.