#* Provide contra-flow cycle lanes on one-way streets.

#* Provide advanced stop lines / bypasses for cyclists at traffic signals.

#* Provide benefits to customers

#* Provide sensory stimulation

#* Provide clean drinking water for all by 2009 and ensure that there are no slip-backs

#* Provide homestead sites to all by 2012 and step up the pace of house construction for rural poor to cover all the poor by 2016 – 17

The results are consistent with both the cognitive stimulation and the nutritional hypotheses.

There are three main types: literal optical illusions that create images that are different from the objects that make them, physiological ones that are the effects on the eyes and brain of excessive stimulation of a specific type ( brightness, colour, size, position, tilt, movement ), and cognitive illusions, the result of unconscious inferences.

In large institutions all children, but particularly babies may not receive enough eye contact, physical contact, and stimulation to promote proper physical, social or cognitive development.

Pascual-Leone is a world leader in the development of transcranial magnetic stimulation for application in cognitive neuroscience and for therapeutic applications in neurology, psychiatry and neurorehabilitation.

In 2008, the Center for Neurotechnology Studies of the Potomac Institute for Policy Studies in Arlington, Virginia, was formed to study those neuroethical, legal and social issues arising from the development and use of neuroscientifically-based technologies ( such as neuroimaging, neurogenetics and neuroproteomics, deep brain and transcranial magnetic stimulation, nano-neuroscientific methods, novel pharmacological agents and pharmaceutics, brain-machine interfacing, and cognitive machine systems ) in research and applications in medicine, public life and national security, intelligence and defense.

Some clinical research has been done on the use of auditory and visual stimulation to improve cognitive abilities in learning-disabled children ( research ).

Congenital amusia, commonly known as tone deafness, refers to a musical disability that cannot be explained by prior brain lesion, hearing loss, cognitive defects, or lack of environmental stimulation, and it affects about 4 % of the population.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation ( TMS ) is an important technique in modern cognitive neuropsychology that is used to investigate the perceptual and behavioral effects of temporary interference of neural processing.