* 1139 – Roger II of Sicily is excommunicated.

Roger Ebert gave the film two out of four stars and wrote, " The movie isn't as funny or entertaining as Evil Dead II, however, maybe because the comic approach seems recycled ".

The Tabula Rogeriana, drawn by Muhammad al-Idrisi for Roger II of Sicily in 1154

* 1095 – Roger II of Sicily, King of Sicily ( d. 1154 )

The King still lost, she was given shelter and food by servants of King Roger II of Sicily, until the King eventually reached Calabria, and she set out to meet him there.

* 1132 – Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily.

He bigamously married Adelaide del Vasto, regent of Sicily, in 1113, but was convinced to divorce her as well in 1117 ; Adelaide's son from her first marriage, Roger II of Sicily, never forgave Jerusalem, and for decades withheld much-needed Sicilian naval support.

There were singer-lutenists at the court in Palermo following the Norman conquest of the island, and the lute is depicted extensively in the ceiling paintings in the Palermo ’ s royal Cappella Palatina, dedicated by the Norman King Roger II in 1140.

In 1992, he appeared as himself on Roger Waters's rock album Amused to Death, giving a mock commentary on the destruction of an oil rig on the song " Perfect Sense, Part II ".

* 1137 – Battle of Rignano between Ranulf of Apulia and Roger II of Sicily.

He failed to prevent Roger II of Sicily from extending his power in southern Italy and was unable to stop Louis VI of France from interfering in the affairs of the French church.

Roger II of Sicily who forced Pope Honorius II to grant him the Duchy of Apulia

In July 1127, William II, Duke of Apulia, died childless, and almost immediately his cousin King Roger II of Sicily sailed to the mainland to occupy the duchies of Apulia and Calabria.

On 30 December 1127, Honorius preached a crusade against Roger II after having anointed Robert as Prince of Capua.

Trying to salvage something of the situation, Honorius sent his trusted advisor Cardinal Aymeric together with Cencio II Frangipane to negotiate with Roger secretly.

They refused, and Honorius asked Roger II of Sicily to punish the city in May 1130, but Honorius died before action was taken.

The geographical text of Muhammad al-Idrisi, compiled for the Norman King of Sicily Roger II in 1154 mentions itriyya manufactured and exported from Norman Sicily:

He was opposed to Innocent II ’ s concessions to King Roger II of Sicily and was in favor of the House of Plantagenet ’ s claim to the English throne, thus opposed to King Stephen of England.

In 1098, after a meeting at the Siege of Capua, Urban II bestowed extraordinary prerogatives on Roger, some of the very same rights that were being withheld from temporal sovereigns elsewhere in Europe.

By the Second Lateran council of 1139, at which King Roger II of Sicily, Innocent II's most uncompromising foe, was excommunicated, peace was at last restored to the Church.

Pisa could then, unhindered by Genoa, participate in the conflict of Innocent II against king Roger II of Sicily.

Tancred's sons William Iron Arm, Drogo of Hauteville, Humphrey of Hauteville, Robert Guiscard and Roger the Great Count conquered the Emirate of Sicily and additional territories in Southern Italy.

Roger left his armies threatening Benevento, while he returned to Sicily for reinforcements.

There, he formally invested Roger with the duchy of Apulia and both agreed to a peace between the Kingdom of Sicily and the Papal States.

Roger I was to be virtually a legate of the Pope within Sicily.

In 1143, Innocent refused to recognise the Treaty of Mignano with Roger of Sicily, who sent Robert of Selby to march on papal Benevento.

Eugene III appealed for help to Tivoli, Italy, to other cities at feud with Rome, and to King Roger II of Sicily ( who sent his general Robert of Selby ), and with their aid was successful in making such conditions with the Roman citizens as enabled him for a time to hold the semblance of authority in his capital.

In 1085 the Normans entered Syracuse, one of the last Arab strongholds, after a summer-long siege by Roger I of Sicily and his son Jordan of Hauteville, who was given the city as count.

When the United States entered World War I, Eastman organized with Roger Baldwin and Norman Thomas the National Civil Liberties Bureau to protect conscientious objectors, or in her words: " To maintain something over here that will be worth coming back to when the weary war is over.

Honorius, fearing the expansion of Norman power to the south under one dominating ruler, threatened to excommunicate Roger if he persisted.

In the meantime, many of the local Norman nobles, fearful of Roger ’ s power, allied themselves with Honorius, as Honorius formally excommunicated Roger in November 1127.

His agent in the Sicilian borderlands was the Norman ruler Roger I.

In 1063 admiral Giovanni Orlando, coming to the aid of the Norman Roger I, took Palermo from the Saracen pirates.

Amalfi, one of the Maritime Republics ( though already declining under Norman rule ), was conquered on 6 August 1136: the Pisans destroyed the ships in the port, assaulted the castles in the surrounding areas and drove back an army sent by Roger from Aversa.

* Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester, Norman nobleman

Brian Aldiss, Harlan Ellison, Robert Silverberg, Norman Spinrad, Roger Zelazny are writers whose work, though not considered New Wave at the time of publication, later became to be interpreted under the label.

The Saint had a band of compatriots, including Roger Conway, Norman Kent, Archie Sheridan, Richard " Dicky " Tremayne ( a name that appeared in the 1990s TV series, Twin Peaks ), Peter Quentin, Monty Hayward, and his ex-military valet, Orace.

Roger was a Norman, son of William fitzOsbern, but had inherited less authority than his father held.

* The first coalition of the Norman princes against Roger II of Sicily is formed.

* After several years in the Peninsula, Roger of Toeni, a Norman knight, leaves the battlefields of the Ebro Vally and heads back to France.

It was under Roger II of Sicily that Norman holdings in Sicily and the southern part of the Italian Peninsula were promoted from the County of Sicily into the Kingdom of Sicily.

In 1091, count Roger I of Sicily, made an initial attempt to establish Norman rule of Malta and was greeted by the few native Christians.

Cantatas were also composed by Mark Alburger, Erik Bergman, Carlos Chávez, Osvald Chlubna, Peter Maxwell Davies, Norman Dello Joio, Lukas Foss, Roy Harris, Arthur Honegger, Alan Hovhaness, Dmitry Kabalevsky, Libby Larsen, Peter Mennin, Dimitri Nicolau, Krzysztof Penderecki, Daniel Pinkham, Earl Robinson, Ned Rorem, William Schuman, Roger Sessions, Siegfried Strohbach, Michael Tippett, and Kurt Weill.

Muslim musicians at the court of the Norman King Roger II of Sicily.

Published by Music for Pleasure in mono ( catalogue MDP 1175 ), the recordings were produced by Norman Newell, with a synopsis written on the back by Roger St. Pierre.

After the fall of the Roman Empire, the city was successively ruled by Goths from 476, then by the Byzantine Empire in 535, by the Arabs in 842, and in 1061 by the Norman brothers Robert Guiscard and Roger Guiscard ( later count Roger I of Sicily ).

The Norman Roger II of Sicily ( 1095 – 1154 ), employed a Greek Christian known as George of Antioch, who previously had served as a naval commander for several North African Moslem rulers.