* Shortest odds winner – Ladas ( 1894 ), 2 / 9

* Shortest odds winner – St Frusquin ( 1896 ), 12 / 100

* Shortest odds winner: Poethlyn ( 1919 ), 11 / 4

* Shortest odds winner – Crucifix ( 1840 ), 1 / 10

* Shortest odds winner – Pretty Polly ( 1904 ), 8 / 100

* Shortest distance between stations –, between Leicester Square and Covent Garden on the Piccadilly line.

* Shortest escalator –, at Stratford station.

* Mike Clink – drum engineer on " The Shortest Straw " and " Harvester of Sorrow "

* The Shortest Day of the Year – Adriana and Antipholus of Ephesus

# The World's Shortest Stories: Murder, Love, Horror, Suspense, All This and Much More in the Most Amazing Short Stories Ever Written, Each One Just 55 Words Long.

# The World's Shortest Stories of Love and Death: Passion, Betrayal, Suspicion, Revenge, All This and More in a New Collection of Amazing Short Stories-Each One Just 55 Words Long.

Besides GMPLS, the main competitors to MPLS are Shortest Path Bridging ( SPB ), Provider Backbone Bridges ( PBB ), and MPLS-TP.

IEEE 802. 1aq ( Shortest Path Bridging SPB ) allows all paths to be active with multiple equal cost paths, provides much larger layer 2 topologies ( up to 16 million compared to the 4096 VLANs limit ), faster convergence times, and improves the use of the mesh topologies through increase bandwidth and redundancy between all devices by allowing traffic to load share across all paths of a mesh network.

* Frolkin, Andrei and Wilts, Gerd ( 1991 ), Shortest Proof Games.

While starting up, CUWiN relies on Dijkstra's Open Shortest Path First ( OSPF ), though they are in the process of implementing a much more amenable routing protocol named Hazy-Sighted Link State ( HSLS ), and then, later, implementing a modification to it named Adaptive Hazy-Sighted Link State ( A-HSLS ).

Raw sockets are typically available in network equipment, and used for routing protocols such as the Internet Group Management Protocol ( IGMP ) and Open Shortest Path First ( OSPF ), and in the Internet Control Message Protocol ( ICMP, best known for the ping suboperation ).

Shortest road connection to North Tyrol is the Felbertauern road ( P1 ), and the Felbertauern tunnel ( about 5. 3 km ).

In 2007, the video for the Napalm Death song " You Suffer " set a new " Shortest Music Video " record: 1. 3 seconds.

A unique problem is: " Construct a game with black b-pawn checkmating on move four " ( from Shortest construction tasks map in External links section ; the unique solution is 1. d4 c6 2. Kd2 Qa5 + 3. Kd3 Qa3 + 4. Kc4 b5 #).

The SP-1 ( Shortest Path, 1 Probe ) algorithm is an example of a Fixed Path Routing solution.

* Shortest route length: 1. 34 km ( Route 38 )

* World ’ s Shortest Books David Frost ( Collins / Fontana, 1987 )

Chapin's recording of " The Shortest Story ", a song he wrote about a dying child and featured in his 1976 live / studio album Greatest Stories Live, was named by author Tom Reynolds in his book I Hate Myself And Want To Die as the second most depressing song of all time.

* http :// www. archive. org / details / RonaldLG1988 ( Movie: Ronald L Graham: The Shortest Network Problem ( 1988 )

For bumper music, Savage has used " Eye of the Beholder ", " Frayed Ends of Sanity ", " Holier Than Thou ", " Jump in the Fire ", " To Live Is to Die ", " Battery ", " Blackened ", " Sad But True ", " Ain't My Bitch ", " Fuel ", and " The Shortest Straw " by Metallica, as well as " Du Hast " and " Tier " by Rammstein, Nirvana, " Big Gun " by AC / DC, and " Killing in the Name " by Rage Against the Machine.

* 10 nm Shortest Extreme Ultraviolet wavelength or longest X-ray wavelength

In addition many bookmakers offer fixed odds on a number of non-sports related outcomes, for example the direction and extent of movement of various financial indices, the winner of television competitions such as Big Brother, and election results.

Gambling odds don't reflect the bookies ' belief in a likely winner, so much as the other bettors ' belief, because the bettors are actually betting against one another.

The odds are set based on how many people have bet on a possible winner, so that even if the high odds players always win, the bookies will always make their percentages anyway.

The race features a nag named Beetlebaum, who begins at long odds, runs the race a distant last — and yet suddenly emerges as the winner.

* Longest odds winner – Rockavon ( 1961 ), 66 / 1

* Longest odds winner – Theodore ( 1822 ), 200 / 1

The 1967 Grand National saw one of the race's most remarkable incidents, when most of the field were hampered or dismounted in a mêlée at the 23rd fence, allowing a rank-outsider, Foinavon, to become a surprise winner at odds of 100 / 1.

In 2009, Mon Mome became the longest-priced winner of the National for 42 years when he defied outside odds of 100 / 1 to win by 12 lengths.

One of the smallest on the course, it was named in 1984 after the 1967 winner who avoided a mêlée at the fence to go on and win the race at outside odds of 100 / 1.

* Longest odds winner: Tipperary Tim ( 1928 ), Gregalach ( 1929 ), Caughoo ( 1947 ), Foinavon ( 1967 ), Mon Mome ( 2009 ); all 100 / 1

In some games of chance, using odds against is also the most convenient way to understand what winnings will be paid if the selection is successful: the winner will be paid ' six ' of whatever stake unit was bet for each ' one ' of the stake unit wagered.

These percentages are essentially the cumulative implied percentage chances of the odds on offer for each selection and for a single winner market will usually add up to more than 100 % for all back selections ( but only marginally over in a competitive market ), and under 100 % for the lay selections.

* Longest odds winner – Ferry ( 1918 ), 50 / 1

The winner gets back his 110 plus 100 profit, compared to getting back his 100 plus 100 profit under fair odds.

The winner wins 100 net under fair odds and 90. 9 net under vigorish, so he pays 9. 1 in vigorish.

They were the bookies ', and many of the rugby pundits ' odds-on-favourites to go straight back down but defied the odds to stay in the Premiership for another season, finishing ninth in the league, after wins against teams including Harlequins, Leeds, a historic victory against Premiership Champions London Wasps and Northampton in a ' winner takes all ' end of season finale, which they won 21 – 19.

Nobel Prize winner George Bernard Shaw referred to an ottoman in this passage from his novel Pygmalion ; " In the middle of the room there is a big ottoman ; and this, with the carpet, the Morris wall-papers, and the Morris chintz window curtains and brocade covers of the ottoman and its cushions, supply all the ornament, and are much too handsome to be hidden by odds and ends of useless things.

The matching pennies game is mathematically equivalent to the games " Morra " or " odds and evens ", where two players simultaneously display one or two fingers, with the winner determined by whether or not the number of fingers match.