Since the action of the bolus insulin in the blood stream will extend for several hours, the basal insulin could be stopped or reduced during this time.

Since the pump user is responsible to manually start a bolus, this provides an opportunity for the user to pre-bolus to improve upon the insulin pump's capability to prevent post-prandial hyperglycemia.

Since the basal insulin is provided as a rapid-acting insulin, the basal insulin can be immediately increased or decreased as needed with a temporary basal rate.

Since at high concentrations it is capable of activating the insulin receptor, it can also complement for the effects of insulin.

Since insulin is the primary hormonal signal for energy storage into fat cells, which tend to retain their sensitivity in the face of hepatic and skeletal muscle resistance, IR stimulates the formation of new fatty tissue and accelerates weight gain.

Since insulin vials are typically 10 ml, each vial has 1000 units.

Since the very first sequences of the insulin protein was characterised by Fred Sanger in 1951 biologists have been trying to use this knowledge to understand the function of molecules.

Since the late 1970s, when highly-purified porcine insulin was introduced, and the level of insulin purity reached 99 %, this ceased to be a significant clinical issue.

Since then, Freescale has continued to provide the technology behind some consumer, medical, networking and automotive products from microprocessors for the world ’ s first tubing-free wireless insulin pump, to and automotive microcontrollers for efficient engine design.

Since insulin promotes the entry of glucose into most cells, insulin resistance prevents glucose from entering the cells properly.

Since the pancreas must synthesize insulin in order for this drug to work, it is not effective in the management of type I diabetes.

Since 1975 and the establishment of the Charles H. Best Research Fund named for insulin co-discoverer and Association co-founder Charles Best the Association has awarded more than $ 100 million in grants to scientists who have dedicated their research to the fight against diabetes.

Since there is no reciprocating action needed to eject and reload the shells, doubles are more compact than repeating designs such as pump action or Lever-action shotguns.

* interface to personal computers: Since the late 1990s, most pumps can interface with personal computers for managing and documenting pump programming and / or to upload data from the pump.

Since a Fahrenheit-sized interval of temperature is only < sup > 5 </ sup >⁄< sub > 9 </ sub > that of a Celsius-sized interval, the value is typically expressed as 10. 4 ( µin / in )/° F rather than 18. 7 ( µin / in )/° C .< sub > </ sub ></ ref > Similarly, a metering pump that injects a trace chemical into the main process line at the proportional flow rate Q < sub > p </ sub > = 125 ppm, is doing so at a rate that may be expressed in a variety of volumetric units, including 125 µL / L, 125 µgal / gal, 125 cm < sup > 3 </ sup >/ m < sup > 3 </ sup >, etc.

Since this carrier enzyme ( Na < sup >+</ sup >- Ca < sup > 2 +</ sup > translocator ) uses the Na gradient generated by the Na < sup >+</ sup >- K < sup >+</ sup > pump to remove Ca < sup > 2 +</ sup > from the intracellular space, slowing down the Na < sup >+</ sup >- K < sup >+</ sup > pump results in a permanently elevated Ca < sup > 2 +</ sup > level in the muscle, which may be the mechanism of the long-term inotropic effect of cardiac glycosides such as digoxin.

Since the hose is the heart of a peristaltic hose pump, and hose life is inversely proportional to the number of squeezes, this design will outperform a pump with shoes at the same speed.

Since the heart is a ' demand pump ', that pumps out whatever blood comes back into it from the venous system, it is effectively the amount of blood returning to the heart that determines how much blood the heart pumps out ( Q ).

Since the heat pump has electric heat elements for supplemental and reheats, the heat pump thermostat provides for use of the electric heat elements should the refrigeration system fail.

Since the pump pulses are of short duration, optical gain is only present in the laser for a short time, which results in a pulsed output.

Since their introduction, proton pump inhibitors ( especially omeprazole ) have been associated with several cases of acute tubulointerstitial nephritis, an inflammation of the kidneys that often occurs as an adverse drug reaction.

Since the pump is pushing a mixture of air and water, the power required to turn the rotor can be decreased and may result in a lower power requirement for that pump vs. the same pump with a different impeller when it is only pumping water.

Since bilge pumps can fail, use of a backup pump is often advised.

Since the pressure pump is typically lower than the external oil tank it always has a positive pressure on its suction regardless of cornering forces.

Since the pedal-board prevented the player pumping the bellows with his or her feet as on a smaller instrument such organs had a separate handle which an assistant would operate to produce the vacuum, or on later instruments an electric air pump.

Since the pump shaft is not supported by bearings outside of the pump's housing, support inside the pump is provided by bushings.

Since we require the process to be adiabatic, the following equation needs to be true

Since one person needs to cover the entire court, singles tactics are based on forcing the opponent to move as much as possible ; this means that singles strokes are normally directed to the corners of the court.

Since the 1989 coup and subsequent expulsion of South African-financed mercenaries, Comoros likewise turned away from South Africa and toward France for assistance with its security needs.

Since most metals are present in ores as oxides or sulfides, the metal needs to be reduced to its metallic form.

Since 1999, the government has embarked on reforms in higher education designed to meet the needs of a growing population.

Since the incubation period of prion diseases is so long, an effective drug does not need to eliminate all prions, but simply needs to slow down the rate of exponential growth.

Since its launch, the program has continued to grow and refine its procedures to better accommodate a growing campus ' needs.

Since the late 1950s, aerospace engineers have used the term " unobtainium " when referring to unusual or costly materials, or when theoretically considering a material perfect for their needs in all respects, except that it does not exist.

Since each cylinder bank is essentially a straight-6, this configuration has perfect primary and secondary balance no matter which V angle is used and therefore needs no balance shafts.

Since the efficiency of a rocket engine is related to the square root of the temperature of the working fluid, the solid core design needs to be constructed of materials that remain strong at as high a temperature as possible.

Since one cannot completely ignore the bit error-rate of the medium, each switching node needs to implement error detection to avoid wasting bandwidth due to the transmission of erred frames.

Since each T1 frame contains 1 byte of voice data for each of the 24 channels, that system needs then 8, 000 frames per second to maintain those 24 simultaneous voice channels.

Since temperature in principle also depends on altitude, one needs a second equation to determine the pressure as a function of height, as discussed in the next section.

Since every area is different, the government takes that into consideration and will provide different areas with different institutions to fit their needs thus there will be different changes in social capital in different areas.

Since physics needs to talk about numbers in offering any of its explanations, then numbers must exist.

Since it requires less energy to place a satellite into a LEO and the LEO satellite needs less powerful amplifiers for successful transmission, LEO is still used for many communication applications.

Since the beginning, the company has also been a manufacturer of microscopes and optics for specialised needs, such as medical use.

Since all the braking operations exert pressure on the back plate, it needs to be very strong and wear-resistant.

Since then the private detective industry has grown with the changing needs of the public.

Since it was quite easy to stack interconnections ( wires ) inside the embedding matrix, the approach allowed designers to forget completely about the routing of wires ( usually a time-consuming operation of PCB design ): Anywhere the designer needs a connection, the machine will draw a wire in straight line from one location / pin to another.

Since the islets had an " undefined internal status ", the immigrants did not benefit from the Spanish immigration laws and, under a joint operation, Spanish troops tended to the women, children, and medical needs of the immigrants, then turned them back over to Morocco.

Since the early 1980s, however, desalination plants, which render seawater suitable for domestic and industrial use, have provided about 60 % of daily water consumption needs.

Since each person experiences a disability differently and therefore has different needs for assistance, each dog is to some extent custom-trained for the individual it will be helping.

Since its commencement over 20 years ago, LETSystems have been highly innovative in adapting to the needs of their local communities in all kinds of ways.