Sparta, whose policy is to keep Greeks disunited, sends an expedition northwards to disrupt the Chalcidian League, a confederation of cities of the Chalcidice peninsula, east of Macedonia.

The Peloponnesian War, 431 to 404 BC, was an ancient Greek war fought by Athens and its empire against the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta.

At the request of the Corinthians, the Spartans summoned members of the Peloponnesian League to Sparta in 432 BC, especially those who had grievances with Athens to make their complaints to the Spartan assembly.

Only Sparta could call a congress of the League.

And although each state had one vote, Sparta was not compelled to abide by any resolutions the League might come to.

Sparta withdrew and the Peloponnesian League was refounded with Sparta's original allies, while the Hellenic League turned into the Athenian-led Delian League.

In the 5th century BC, Dorian Thera did not join the Delian League with Athens ; and during the Peloponnesian War, Thera sided with Dorian Sparta, against Athens.

* Sparta calls and hosts a conference of the Peloponnesian League.

Feyenoord again participated in the Champions League in 2001 – 02, finishing third in a group containing Bayern Munich, Sparta Prague and Spartak Moscow.

After drawing the first leg of the UEFA Europa League qualifier at home with 2-2 Feyenoord lost the second leg with a 2-0 win for AC Sparta Praha which meant that for the 2012-2013 season, Feyenoord would not be playing European football.

** Philopoemen, Greek general and statesman, strategos of the Achaean League on eight occasions and a major figure in the demise of Sparta as a Greek power ( b. 253 BC )

In the Græco – Roman world of 5th-century European Classical antiquity, the city-state of Sparta was the hegemon of the Peloponnesian League ( 6th – 4th centuries BC ) and King Philip II of Macedon was the hegemon of the League of Corinth in 337 BC ( a kingship he willed to his son, Alexander the Great ).

Sparta formed rival Peloponnesian League

The Romans leave the dominant powers in the region ; the kingdom of Macedonia, the Aetolians, the strengthened Achaean League and the weakened Sparta.

* The Battle of Gythium is fought between Sparta and a coalition of Rome, Rhodes, the Achaean League and Pergamum.

Now in full control of Sparta, Philopoemen forces Sparta to become a member state of the Achaean League.

He then leads the Hellenic League in battles against Aetolia, Sparta and Elis.

* Cleomenes III of Sparta is defeated in the Battle of Sellasia ( north of Sparta ) by Antigonus III and his allies, the Achaean League and the Illyrians ( under the command of Demetrius of Pharos ), and flees to Egypt under the protection of King Ptolemy III.

* Philopoemen, Greek general and statesman, strategos of the Achaean League on eight occasions and a major figure in the demise of Sparta as a Greek power ( b. 253 BC )

All the Greek cities ( except Sparta ) and the Greek islands swear their support to the league and to recognise Philip as president of the League.

In 391 BC he was one of the ambassadors sent to Sparta to discuss peace terms, but the negotiations failed.

The terms were announced to the Greek envoys at Sardis in the winter of 387 / 386 BC, and were finally accepted by Sparta in 386.

In a peace conference at Sparta, all the belligerents agreed to the terms laid down by Artaxerxes.

In 386 BC, Artaxerxes II betrayed his allies and came to an arrangement with Sparta, and in the Treaty of Antalcidas he forced his erstwhile allies to come to terms.

After the Athenian defeat at Aegospotami in 405 BC, Theramenes arranged the terms by which Athens surrendered to Sparta.

The extremist faction, led by Phrynicus, containing such prominent leaders of the coup as Peisander and Antiphon, and dominant within the 400, opposed broadening the base of the oligarchy, and were willing to seek peace with Sparta on almost any terms.

The moderates, on the other hand, although willing to seek peace with Sparta on terms that would preserve Athens ' power, were not willing to sacrifice the empire and the fleet, and wanted to broaden the oligarchy to include the putative 5, 000, presumably including all men of hoplite status or higher.

At Sparta, with representatives of all of Sparta's allies present, Theramenes and his colleagues negotiated the terms of the peace that ended the Peloponnesian War ; the long walls and the walls of Piraeus were pulled down, the size of the Athenian fleet was sharply limited, and Athenian foreign policy was subordinated to that of Sparta ; the treaty also stipulated that the Athenians were to use " the constitution of their ancestors ".

His principal aim was to conclude a peace with Sparta as soon as it could be obtained on terms favourable to Athens.

Athens, along with Megara and Plataea, sent emissaries to Sparta demanding assistance, and threatening to accept the Persian terms if not.

Athens, with Megara and Plataea, sent emissaries to Sparta demanding assistance, and threatening to accept the Persian terms if they were not aided.

In 404 BC when Cyrus the Younger attempted to seize the Persian throne, he recruited 13, 000 Greek mercenaries from all over the Greek world of which Sparta sent 700 – 800, believing they were following the terms of the treaty and unaware of the army's true purpose.

Athens, along with Megara and Plataea, sent emissaries to Sparta demanding assistance and threatening to accept the Persian terms if it was not given.

The terms of that peace, however, had never been fulfilled ; Sparta had never surrendered Amphipolis to Athens, as required by the treaty, and in return the Athenians had held Pylos.

This proposal, however, met with derision from the Athenian statesman Cleon ; he demanded far harsher terms, which would have given Athens control over Megara and compelled Sparta to abandon several important allies.

Also some believe that a more probable reason for the withdrawal of Pleistoanax and his advisor Cleandrides could be that Pericles offered good terms for a peace ( e. g. later there was a treaty between Sparta and Athens ).

Second, after Athens had completely defeated the Peloponnesian fleet and Sparta could only beg for peace on almost any terms, Cleon persuaded the Athenians to reject the peace offer.

After three terms as a teacher he was made principal of schools in Sparta, Ontario and Aldboro, Ontario.

A second peace conference was held at Sparta in the same year, but the proposals made there were again rejected by the allies, both because of the implications of the autonomy principle and because the Athenians were outraged that the terms proposed would have involved abandoning the Ionian Greeks to Persia.

In a general peace conference at Sparta, the Spartans, with their authority enhanced by the threat of Persian intervention, secured the acquiescence of all the major states of Greece to these terms.

The tablets contain a number of important terms previously unattested in Linear B, such as ra-ke-da-mi-ni-jo / Lakedaimnijos / " a man from Lacedaemonia ( Sparta )", or ma-ka / Mā Gā / " Mother Gaia " ( a goddess still revered in Thebes in the 5th century BC, as reported e. g. in Aeschylus ' Seven Against Thebes ).

However, before terms could be reached, Cleomenes became stricken by an illness and was forced to return to Sparta.