Some scholars from the Jesus Seminar argue that the birth narratives of Luke and Matthew are a late development in gospel writing about Jesus.

Liberal scholar Robert W. Funk and the Jesus Seminar place the Egerton fragment in the 2nd century, perhaps as early as 125, which would make it as old as the oldest fragments of John.

The Jesus Seminar has argued that verses

The Scholar's Version of the gospel, developed by the Jesus Seminar, loosely translates the phrase as " The Logos was what God was ," offered as a better representation of the original meaning of the evangelist.

The Jesus Seminar rated this account as black, containing no historically accurate information.

The scholars of the Jesus Seminar identify the historical inferiority of John as foundational to their work.

For example, the Jesus Seminar translates this as " Judeans ", i. e. residents of Judea, in contrast to residents of Galilee.

The Jesus Seminar considers the New Testament accounts of Jesus ' ascension as inventions of the Christian community in the Apostolic Age.

The Jesus Seminar voted this parable to be authentic, with 60 % of fellows rating it " red " ( authentic ) and a further 29 % rating it " pink " ( probably authentic ).

Bernard Brandon Scott, a member of the Jesus Seminar, questions the authenticity of the parable's context, suggesting that " the parable originally circulated separately from the question about neighborliness " and that the " existence of the lawyer's question in and, in addition to the evidence of heavy Lukan editing " indicates the parable and its context were " very probably joined editorially by Luke.

" A number of other commentators share this opinion, with the consensus of the Jesus Seminar being that verses were added by Luke to " connect with the lawyer's question.

John Dominic Crossan, noted member of the Jesus Seminar

The Jesus Seminar is a group of about 150 critical scholars and laymen founded in 1985 by Robert Funk under the auspices of the Westar Institute.

The method and conclusions of the Jesus Seminar have come under harsh criticism by biblical scholars, historians and clergy for a variety of reasons.

* The Jesus Seminar Forum

* The Gospel According to the Jesus Seminar from Religion ( London ), vol 25, October 1995, pp. 317 – 38

* Christian Cadre: The Jesus Seminar: Bad Philosophy Makes Bad Christianity

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:" Paul and Timothy, servants of Christ Jesus.

:" And then, when Jesus had come to the river Jordan where John was baptizing, and when Jesus came down into the water, a fire was even kindled in the Jordan, and when He was rising up from the water, the Holy Spirit fluttered down upon Him in the form of a dove, as the < U > apostles have written </ U > about this very Christ of ours.

:" And when Jesus came to the Jordan, and being supposed to be the son of Joseph the carpenter ..., the Holy Spirit, and for man's sake, as I said before, fluttered down upon Him, and a voice came at the time out of the heavens-which was spoken also by David, when he said, impersonating Christ, what the Father was going to say to Him-' You are My Son, this day I have begotten you '.

:" Oh, they ain't makin ' Jews like Jesus anymore,

:" Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who has blessed us with every spiritual blessing in the heavenly places in Christ, just as He chose us in Him before the foundation of the world, that we would be holy and blameless before Him.

:" For truly in this city there were gathered together against Your holy servant Jesus, whom You anointed, both Herod and Pontius Pilate, along with the Gentiles and the peoples of Israel, to do whatever Your hand and Your purpose predestined to occur.

:" denieth, that, in the sacrament of the most holy Eucharist, are contained truly, really, and substantially, the body and blood together with the soul and divinity of our Lord Jesus Christ, and consequently the whole Christ ; but saith that He is only therein as in a sign, or in figure, or virtue " and anyone who " saith, that, in the sacred and holy sacrament of the Eucharist, the substance of the bread and wine remains conjointly with the body and blood of our Lord Jesus Christ, and denieth that wonderful and singular conversion of the whole substance of the bread into the Body, and of the whole substance of the wine into the Blood-the species only of the bread and wine remaining-which conversion indeed the Catholic Church most aptly calls Transubstantiation, let him be anathema.

:" In the celebration of Eucharist we believe the Lord Jesus Christ to be present.

:" If, however, you seek Jesus in all things, you will surely find Him.

:" Most gracious Father, who by thy providence rulest, in thy generosity feedest, and by thy blessing preservest all that thou hast created ; bless us, we beseech thee, and these creatures for our use, so that they may be hallowed and of benefit to us, and we, strengthened thereby, may be rendered fitter for all good works ; to the praise of thy eternal name, through Jesus Christ our Lord, Amen.

:" While he granted that David whom authorship of many of the Psalms is traditionally ascribed was unquestionably a chosen instrument of God, Watts claimed that his religious understanding could not have fully apprehended the truths later revealed through Jesus Christ.

:" O God, the Eternal Father, we ask thee in the name of thy Son, Jesus Christ, to bless and sanctify this bread to the souls of all those who partake of it ; that they may eat in remembrance of the body of thy Son, and witness unto thee, O God, the Eternal Father, that they are willing to take upon them the name of thy Son, and always remember him, and keep his commandments which he has given them, that they may always have his Spirit to be with them.

:" O God, the Eternal Father, we ask thee, in the name of thy Son, Jesus Christ, to bless and sanctify this to the souls of all those who drink of it, that they may do it in remembrance of the blood of thy Son, which was shed for them ; that they may witness unto thee, O God, the Eternal Father, that they do always remember him, that they may have his Spirit to be with them.

:" That the bare death of Jesus Christ without a thought or deed on the part of man, is sufficient to present the chief of sinners spotless before God.

:" Your Excellency should know that on that day when we entered this village ( Cebu City ), one of the soldiers went into a large and well-built house of an indio where he found an image of the Child Jesus ( whose most holy name I pray may be universally worshipped ).

:" When Hannan, the keeper of the archives, saw that Jesus spoke thus to him, by virtue of being the king's painter, he took and painted a likeness of Jesus with choice paints, and brought with him to Abgar the king, his master.

:" Whoever shall confess that Jesus is the Son of God, God dwells in him and he in God.

; Jesus model :" For where two or three come together in my name, there am I with them.

:" The only difference between them and Jesus is that Jesus can do good.

" Some of the early inhabitants of Liberal even encouraged other infidels to move to their town by publishing an advertisement which boasted that Liberal " is the only town of its size in the United States without a priest, preacher, church, saloon, God, Jesus, hell or devil.

They include within that category Unitarians, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints ( Mormons ), Jehovah's Witnesses, and some of the more radical forms of Liberal Christianity.

The general objection of Christian Communists to Conservative Christian advocates of the " wealth gospel ", is to object that Jesus created a disturbance at Herod's Temple by overturning the tables of the moneychangers who set up shop there, while claiming that they had made the Temple a " den of thieves ". 11: 17 This reference is commonly cited, not only by Christian Communists ; but also by the Christian Socialist and Liberal Christian Churches, in context of critiques of modern age televangelist cults whom they allege " prey on the poor ".

Liberal Christians place less emphasis on miraculous events associated with the life of Jesus than on his teachings.

The Liberal Party formed in 1870 to oppose The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints ( the LDS Church ; popularly known as the " Mormons "), which dominated local politics.

Some within the Liberal camp began to redefine the message of Christ in light of socialist criticism, and the Social Gospel developed in the popular writings of Charles Sheldon ( the inventor of the " What Would Jesus Do " slogan ) and in the theological writings of Walter Rauschenbusch.