* Polish cemetery at Monte Cassino

The war between the Polish faction and the Scranton Diocese settled into a standstill for the Christmas holidays, but in January 1890, war resumed, and this time the focus was the cemetery on Welsh Hill which the Diocese had created for use by both the Poles and the Lithuanians.

The church authorities were about congratulating themselves that the difficulty was settled when they were confronted with a new issue ... Friday, the little son of a leader of the Lithuanian faction died, and yesterday afternoon an attempt was made to bury him in the Polish cemetery ... the Poles were on hand when the funeral procession reached the gates of the cemetery.

Roman Górecki, ( 1889-1946 ), a World War II Polish Army general, is buried at Whitchurch cemetery in a war graves plot containing mainly burials from the then Polish military hospital at nearby Iscoyd Park ( within Wales ) where he died.

The cemetery in Ruabon Road in Wrexham contains 40 Polish war graves.

A memorial to the memory of the Polish armed forces and their families was erected at the entrance to the cemetery in 1989.

The Polish war graves are located in a special plot in the cemetery.

After the war the new Polish authorities dismantled the Old Town until 1965 and destroyed the cemetery of the Protestant church.

* Lychakivskiy Cemetery on city plan: F-9 ; Inter-war cemetery list, p. 23, Plan Lwowa, W. Horbay, 1938 ( in Polish ; reprinted Wrocław, 1986 ).

After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Lithuanian and Polish authorities collaborated in an effort to restore the cemetery.

Part of the cemetery contains graves of Polish Home Army soldiers, who fell during the Second World War.

Polish war cemetery at Mednoye

The town contains a cemetery of Polish soldiers killed in the Battle of Hill 262 during World War II.

The only way to express it was on Polish zaduszki day, when thousands of people lit candles on graves of the Armia Krajowa soldiers in Powązki cemetery.

The cemetery dedication on the right side lists ( in Polish ) the units to which the dead belonged.

Zhytomyr Oblast is the main center of the Polish minority in Ukraine, and in the city itself there is a large Roman-Catholic Polish cemetery, founded in 1800.

It is regarded as the third biggest Polish cemetery beyond borders of Poland, behind the Lychakivskiy Cemetery in Lviv and Rossa Cemetery in Vilnius.

Wz. 15 ( Polish version of the Adrian helmet ) as part of a soldier's grave at Powązki cemetery in Warsaw

General Maczek and soldiers of his division are buried in a nearby Polish military cemetery.

The Germans then tried to outflank the Poles by attacking the cemetery in the village of Chwedkowice, but were repelled with light losses, mostly due to direct fire from the Polish 100mm howitzers.

There is also a small World War II cemetery and a civilian cemetery, a final resting place of many Polish famous artists, among them are writers Antoni Słonimski and Jerzy Zawieyski.

To speed up the construction works, the Polish government in November 1924 signed a contract with the French-Polish Consortium for Gdynia Seaport Construction, which by the end of 1925 had built a small seven-metre-deep harbour, the south pier, part of the north pier, a railway, and had also ordered the trans-shipment equipment.

During the 16th and 17th centuries, in particular at the height of its power under the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman Empire was one of the most powerful states in the world – a multinational, multilingual empire that stretched from the southern borders of the Holy Roman Empire to the outskirts of Vienna, Royal Hungary ( modern Slovakia ) and the Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth in the north to Yemen and Eritrea in the south ; from Algeria in the west to Azerbaijan in the east ; controlling much of southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa.

In the Russian Orthodox Church, Ukrainian Orthodox Church, Ukrainian Catholic Church, Ruthenian Catholic Church, Polish, Bavarian and Austrian Roman Catholics, and various other Eastern European peoples, the custom developed of using pussy willow instead of palm fronds because the latter are not readily available that far north.

It is also bordered by four other Polish voivodeships: those of Opole ( to the west ), Łódź ( to the north ), Świętokrzyskie ( to the north-east ), and Lesser Poland ( to the east ).

The 82nd Airborne Division, under Brigadier General James M. Gavin, would drop northeast of them to take the bridges at Grave and Nijmegen and the British 1st Airborne Division, under Major-General Roy Urquhart, with the Polish 1st Independent Parachute Brigade, under Brigadier General Stanisław Sosabowski, attached would drop at the extreme north end of the route, capturing the road bridge at Arnhem and the rail bridge at Oosterbeek.

During the Kościuszko Uprising Polish army under general Jan Henryk Dąbrowski liberated the town in September 1794 and defeated a Prussian Army north of Gniezno near Łabiszyn.

His political goals were twofold ; first – to strengthen the Polish border on the Noteć river line, second – to subjugate Pomerania with Polish political overlordship but without actually incorporating it into the country with the exception of Gdansk Pomerania and a southern belt north of river Noteć which were to be absorbed by Poland.

Local Old-Prossian ( north ) and Polish ( south ) toponyms were gradually Germanised.

Farthest north, the British 1st Airborne Division, supported by men of the Glider Pilot Regiment and the Polish 1st Independent Parachute Brigade, landed at Arnhem to secure bridges across the Nederrijn.

As American forces swept round to the south, British, Canadian and Polish forces pinned the Germans from the north.

American paratroops were dropped at intermediate points north of Allied lines, with the British 1st Airborne Division and Polish 1st Independent Parachute Brigade at the tip of the salient at Arnhem.

After the southern campaign, Commonwealth had to deal with a treat from the north, as the armistice, ending the Polish – Swedish War ( 1600 – 1629 ) was expiring.

Modern Polish and Ukrainian go a step farther, with the words for noon ( południe, полуденьliterally " half-day ") also meaning " south " and the words for " midnight " ( północ, північliterally " half-night ", as with English mid ( dle ) meaning " half ") also meaning " north ".

In the 15th century, Pokuttya, the region immediately to the north, became the subject of disputes between the Principality of Moldavia and the Polish Kingdom.

The Polish engineer Thaddeus Kosciusko found the area inadequate for proper defensive works, so a new location was found about three miles further north ( and about south of Saratoga ).

Modern Polish and Ukrainian preserve this association with their words for " midnight " (" północ ", " північ " – literally " half-night "), which also means " north ".

* 1981: On 15 October renowned Polish climber Jerzy Kukuczka ascended Makalu via a new route up the north-western side and north crest.

Other Polish territories, first annexed by Soviet Union and then by Germany, was incorporated into Reichskommissariat Ostland ( in the north ), Reichskommissariat Ukraine ( in the south ) and the General Government ( Distrikt Galizien in the utmost south ).

Sporadic battles erupted between Polish forces and the Red Army, but the latter was preoccupied with the White counter-revolutionary forces and was steadily retreating on the entire western frontline, from Latvia in the north to Ukraine in the south.

By March, Polish forces had driven a wedge between Soviet forces to the north ( Belorussia ) and south ( Ukraine ).

In the north, Polish forces had fared much worse.

The northern 3rd Cavalry Corps, led by Gayk Bzhishkyan ( Gay Dmitrievich Gay, Gaj-Chan ), were to envelop Polish forces from the north, moving near the Lithuanian and Prussian border ( both of these belonging to nations hostile to Poland ).

The Soviet advance across the Vistula River in the north was moving into an operational vacuum, as there were no sizable Polish forces in the area.