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Nine and Chapters
The method of Gaussian elimination appears in the important Chinese mathematical textChapter Eight Rectangular Arrays of The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art.
These are the Book on Numbers and Computation, the Arithmetical Classic of the Gnomon and the Circular Paths of Heaven and the Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art.
Negative numbers first appeared in the Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art as black counting rods, where positive numbers were represented by red counting rods.
* Liu Hui writes a commentary on The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art, describing what will later be called Gaussian elimination, computing pi, etc.
* Han Dynasty China: The full title of the Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art appears on two bronze standard measures dated to this year, yet there is speculation that the same book existed beforehand only under different titles.
The Chinese also used the gnomon, mentioned in the 2nd century Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art as being used much earlier by the Duke of Zhou ( 11th century BC ).
Negative numbers appeared for the first time in history in the Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art, which in its present form dates from the period of the Chinese Han Dynasty ( 202 BC.
Negative numbers appear for the first time in history in the Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art ( Jiu zhang suan-shu ), which in its present form dates from the period of the Han Dynasty ( 202 BC – AD 220 ), but may well contain much older material.
The Nine Chapters used red counting rods to denote positive coefficients and black rods for negative.
In 263, he edited and published a book with solutions to mathematical problems presented in the famous Chinese book of mathematics known as The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art ( 九章算术 ).
He completed his commentary to the Nine Chapters in the year 263.
In his commentaries on the Nine Chapters, he presented:
A page of The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art
The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art () is a Chinese mathematics book, composed by several generations of scholars from the 10th – 2nd century BCE, its latest stage being from the 1st century CE.
The full title of The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art appears on two bronze standard measures which are dated to 179 CE, but there is speculation that the same book existed beforehand under different titles.
Most scholars believe that Chinese mathematics and the mathematics of the ancient Mediterranean world had developed more or less independently up to the time when the Nine Chapters reached its final form.
The influence of The Nine Chapters greatly assisted the development of ancient mathematics in the regions of Korea and Japan.
He analyses the procedures of the Nine Chapters step by step, in a manner which is clearly designed to give the reader confidence that they are reliable, although he is not concerned to provide formal proofs in the Euclidean manner.
The Nine Chapters is an anonymous work, and its origins are not clear.
While its relationship to the Nine Chapters is still under discussion by scholars, some of its contents are clearly paralleled there.
The text of the Suan shu shu is however much less systematic than the Nine Chapters ; and appears to consist of a number of more or less independent short sections of text drawn from a number of sources.
Contents of the Nine Chapters are as follows:
* A full translation and study of the Nine Chapters and Liu Hui's commentary is available in SHEN Kangshen " The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art " Oxford 1999.

Nine and on
Nine veterinary lantern slide teaching sets were developed and distributed, and lantern slide teaching sets on 21 pathology subjects were added to the loan library of the Medical Illustration Service.
Speaking on Channel Nine TV on 25 November 2006, he said x-rays of the urn had shown the pedestal and handles were cracked, and repair work had to be carried out.
Conceived while Atkinson and Curtis were working on Not the Nine O ' Clock News, the series dealt comically with a number of medieval issues in Britain – witchcraft, Royal succession, European relations, the Crusades and the conflict between the Church and the Crown.
With the advent of the World Wide Web and other multimedia technologies, bands such as The Smashing Pumpkins ( with the album Machina / The Machines of God ), Coheed And Cambria ( with the Amory Wars as a backing story for every one of their albums ), and Nine Inch Nails ( with the album Year Zero ) exploited emergent cultural phenomena such as the alternate reality game to provide additional web-based content beyond that on the album itself.
Nine years later the two teams met at The Stick again in the NFC Championship Game ; in their third season together 49ers coach Bill Walsh and quarterback Joe Montana authored a history-making moment on Montana's last-minute touchdown to Dwight Clark and a 28-27 San Francisco win.
Nine of the 14 episodes from the first ( Rediffusion ) series were released on DVD in the UK and the US in August 2005.
Military honours in Italy undoubtedly belonged to the French commander Marshal Catinat, but Eugene, the one Allied general determined on action and decisive results, did well to emerge from the Nine Years ' War with an enhanced reputation.
EISA extends the AT bus, which the Gang of Nine retroactively renamed to the ISA bus to avoid infringing IBM's trademark on its PC / AT computer, to 32 bits and allows more than one CPU to share the bus.
The show also aired on RTÉ Two in Ireland, and in Australia on Nine Network ( season 1 ) and ABC Television ( seasons 2 and 3 ).
— Casey Biggs, who played the Cardassian Legate Damar on Star Trek: Deep Space Nine
Nine Pascalines have survived, most of which are on display in European museums.
TVT-6 ( since known as TasTV, now WIN Television ) took on a Nine Network affiliation, with Southern Cross carrying both Seven and Ten programming.
Nine days later, on 7 December, Indonesia invaded East Timor, eventually annexing the tiny country of ( then ) 680, 000 people.
In 1988, the Gang of Nine IBM PC compatible manufacturers put forth the 32-bit EISA standard and in the process retroactively renamed the AT bus to " ISA " to avoid infringing IBM's trademark on its PC / AT computer.
( A small homage was paid to Nine Inch Nails in the form of the band's logo appearing on an ammunition box.
On June 8, 1789, Madison introduced his bill proposing amendments consisting of Nine Articles comprising up to 20 Amendments depending on how one counted.
Nine years passed before he killed again ; in September 1987, Dahmer picked up 26-year-old Steven Tuomi at a bar and killed him on impulse ; he later said he had no memory of committing the crime.
Dennis Prager, author of popular books on Judaism and antisemitism, Nine Questions People ask about Judaism ( with Joseph Telushkin ) and Why the Jews?
Alexander appeared on Star Trek: Voyager on the episode " Think Tank " playing a genius alien named Kurros who was trying to get Seven of Nine to serve on his ship.

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