The earliest extant reference to the first foliation of the Nowell Codex was made sometime between 1628 and 1650 by Franciscus Junius ( the younger ).

The earlier date, first proposed in modern times by John Robinson in a closely argued chapter of " Redating the New Testament " ( 1976 ), relies on the book's internal evidence, given that no external testimony exists earlier than that of Irenaeus, noted above, and the earliest extant manuscript evidence of Revelation ( P98 ) is likewise dated no earlier than the late 2nd century.

Urukagina ( reigned c. 2380 BC – 2360 BC, short chronology ) had an early code that has not survived ; a later king, Ur-Nammu, left the earliest extant written law-system, the Code of Ur-Nammu ( c. 2100-2050 BC ), which prescribed a formal system of penalties for specific cases in 57 articles.

The first known reference to one was by Johann Speth in 1693 and the earliest such extant signed and dated clavichord was built in 1716 by Johann Michael Heinitz.

Perhaps the earliest extant primary source referencing Easter is a mid-2nd century Paschal homily attributed to Melito of Sardis, which characterizes the celebration as a well-established one.

The author identifies himself as " James, a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ ", with " the earliest extant manuscripts of James usually dated to mid-to-late third century.

One of his earliest extant plays, Medea, includes a speech that he seems to have written in defence of himself as an intellectual ahead of his time, though he has put it in the mouth of the play's heroine:

He seems not to have used it in his early plays at all, The Trojan Women being the earliest appearance of it in an extant play-it's symptomatic of a curious archaizing tendency evident in his later works.

The earliest extant version of this trilemma appears in the writings of the skeptic Sextus Empiricus.

The earliest extant samples of connected ( north ) Estonian are the so-called Kullamaa prayers dating from 1524 and 1528.

He figures in the earliest extant cuneiform inscriptions throughout the region and was prominent from the third millennium down to Hellenistic times.

The earliest extant Chinese transverse flute is a chi ( 篪 ) flute discovered in the Tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng at the Suizhou site, Hubei province, China.

Derived from Greek oikoumenikos (), " ecumenical " means " worldwide " but generally is assumed to be limited to the Roman Empire in this context as in Augustus ' claim to be ruler of the oikoumene / world ; the earliest extant uses of the term for a council are Eusebius ' Life of Constantine 3. 6 around 338, which states "" ( he convoked an Ecumenical Council ); Athanasius ' Ad Afros Epistola Synodica in 369 ;< ref >

According to, the Śulba Sūtras contain " the earliest extant verbal expression of the Pythagorean Theorem in the world, although it had already been known to the Old Babylonians.

The earliest extant use of gospel to denote a particular genre of writing dates to the 2nd century.

For this reason, Gardnerian Wicca is usually considered to be the earliest extant tradition of Wicca, from which most subsequent Wiccan traditions are derived.

Some of his earliest extant writings, such as The Ox ( 1510 ) and The Labyrinth ( 1516 ), attacked the mercenary system using allegory and satire.

However, the earliest extant arguments that the world of experience is grounded in the mental derive from India and Greece.

Thus, for example, around 60 manuscripts are extant containing Welsh-language versions of the Historia, the earliest of which were created in the 13th century ; the old notion that some of these Welsh versions actually underlie Geoffrey's Historia, advanced by antiquarians such as the 18th-century Lewis Morris, has long since been discounted in academic circles.

In the earliest extant manuscripts it is referred to as Liber episcopalis in quo continentur acta beatorum pontificum Urbis Romae, and later the Gesta or Chronica pontificum.

The earliest extant mandolin was built in 1744 by Gaetano Vinaccia.

Together with the Peshitta and Codex Alexandrinus, these are the earliest extant Christian Bibles.

In 1676 Huang Zongxi's son, Huang Baijia, who learned martial arts from Wang Zhengnan, compiled the earliest extant manual of internal martial arts, the Nèijiā quánfǎ.

Dactylic hexameter was the traditional meter of Greek epic poetry, the earliest extant examples of which are the works of Homer and Hesiod.

David Diringer noted that " the first mention of Egyptian documents written on leather goes back to the Fourth Dynasty ( c. 2550-2450 BCE ), but the earliest of such documents extant are: a fragmentary roll of leather of the Sixth Dynasty ( c. twenty-fourth century BCE ), unrolled by Dr. H. Ibscher, and preserved in the Cairo Museum ; a roll of the Twelfth Dynasty ( c. 1990-1777 BCE ) now in Berlin ; the mathematical text now in the British Museum ( MS. 10250 ); and a document of the reign of Ramses II ( early thirtheenth century BCE ).".

* Lake, Fred & Wright, Hal ( 1974 ) A Bibliography of Archery: an indexed catalogue of 5, 000 articles, books, films, manuscripts, periodicals and theses on the use of the bow for hunting, war, and recreation, from the earliest times to the present day.

Like most biblical books, there are differences between the earliest surviving manuscripts of Acts.

* c. 600 The earliest references to chaturanga written in Subandhu's Vasavadatta and Banabhatta's Harsha Charitha early Indian books.

" The Acts of the Scilitan Martyrs ", one of the earliest texts which offer evidence of the development of " the Bible ", indicates that the leader of the Scilitan Martyrs possessed a " capsa ", or container for scroll-form books ( volumen, pl.

In any case, Goldoni was deeply interested in theatre from his earliest years, and all attempts to direct his activity into other channels were of no avail ; his toys were puppets, and his books, plays.

The earliest form cited in the Oxford English Dictionary ( from 1842 ) is " chipmonk ," but " chipmunk " appears in several books from the 1820s and 1830s.

In Renaissance Italy, the earliest evidence of a compound crank and connecting-rod is found in the sketch books of Taccola, but the device is still mechanically misunderstood.

The grammatical description in the earliest books was somewhat vague, so a consensus on usage ( influenced by Zamenhof's answers to some questions ) developed over time within boundaries set by the initial outline ( Auld 1988 ).

His principal book, the Kitab al-Muwatta, is one of the earliest surviving books on hadith and fiqh.

In the earliest books, Fu Manchu is an agent of the secret society, the Si-Fan and acts as the mastermind behind a wave of assassinations targeting Western imperialists.

Amongst the earliest books to be printed were magical texts ; the nóminas were one example of this, consisting of prayers to the saints used as talismans.

In his Easter letter of 367, Athanasius, Bishop of Alexandria, gave the earliest preserved list of exactly the books that would become the New Testament canon.

Standard works in Latin inherited from the medieval tradition formed the bulk of the earliest printing, but as books became cheaper, works in the various vernaculars ( or translations of standard works ) began to appear.

Perhaps as a result of this, and the fact that Le Morte D ' Arthur was one of the earliest printed books in England, published by William Caxton in 1485, most later Arthurian works are derivative of Malory's.

Philosopher Laozi was keeper of books in the earliest library in China, which belonged to the Imperial Zhou dynasty.

Although some books ( in particular guidebooks ) suggest that the mazes on cathedral floors served as substitutes for pilgrimage paths, the earliest attested use of the phrase " chemin de Jerusalem " ( path to Jerusalem ) dates to the late 18th century when it was used to describe mazes at Reims and Saint-Omer.

Some books ( guidebooks in particular ) suggest that mazes on cathedral floors originated in the medieval period as alternatives to pilgrimage to the Holy Land, but the earliest attested use of the phrase " chemin de Jerusalem " ( path to Jerusalem ) dates to the late 18th century when it was used to describe mazes at Reims and Saint-Omer.

Among Agricola's other theoretical works is Musica instrumentalis deudsch ( 1529 ), a study of musical instruments, and one of the most important works in early organology ; and one of the earliest books on the Rudiments of music.

Peter Drucker ( 1909 – 2005 ) wrote one of the earliest books on applied management: Concept of the Corporation ( published in 1946 ).

The textual variation among manuscript copies of books in the New Testament prompted attempts to discern the earliest form of text already in antiquity ( e. g., by the 3rd century Christian author Origen ).

" They attempted to destroy these books, the earliest vita already says, and this account underlies the status of the Ragyndrudis Codex, now held as a Bonifacian relic in Fulda, and supposedly one of three books found on the field by the Christians who inspected it afterward.

The earliest surviving description of mead is in the hymns of the Rigveda, one of the sacred books of the historical Vedic religion and ( later ) Hinduism dated around 1700 – 1100 BC.

Following Henry VIII's break with Rome and the Pope, Wales for the most part followed England in accepting Anglicanism, although a number of Catholics were active in attempting to counteract this and produced some of the earliest books printed in Welsh.