To try to answer this question more definitely, a randomized double-blind study was started in September 2008 and was completed in March 2010.

A study in 2008 found that both adults and children could detect images of snakes or spiders among a variety of non-threatening objects more quickly than they could pinpoint frogs, flowers or caterpillars.

This reaction was studied for the first time in 2008 by the team at RIKEN, Japan, in order to study the decay properties of < sup > 266 </ sup > Bh, which is a decay product in their claimed decay chains of ununtrium .< ref > The decay of < sup > 266 </ sup > Bh by the emission of 9. 05-9. 23 MeV alpha particles was further confirmed in 2010.

A 2008 expedition from the University of Washington's School of Oceanography collected sediment cores from the lagoon to study climate change over the last millennium.

Allowing users to test developing products can have its limits in effectiveness, as the culture of the industry and desired outcomes can affect the effect on CRM creation, as a 2008 case study suggests that the responsiveness of test users can vary dramatically depending on the industry and field of the user.

" A 2008 study found that recreational drug use ( including marijuana, cocaine, poppers and amphetamines ) had no effect on CD4 or CD8 T-cell counts, providing further evidence against a role of recreational drugs as a cause of AIDS.

A 2008 study published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine showed that dieters who kept a daily food diary ( or diet journal ), lost twice as much weight as those who did not keep a food log, suggesting that if you write your food down, you wouldn't eat as many calories.

A WHO study released in January 2008 found that mass distribution of insecticide-treated mosquito nets and artemisinin – based drugs cut malaria deaths in half in Rwanda and Ethiopia, countries with high malaria burdens.

A 2008 University of Pennsylvania study of 6, 000 dog owners who were interviewed indicated that dogs of smaller breeds were more likely to be " genetically predisposed towards aggressive behaviour ".

A study published in 2011 by the U. S. Department of Education found that " From 2000 to 2008, the percentage of undergraduates enrolled in at least one distance education class expanded from 8 percent to 20 percent, and the percentage enrolled in a distance education degree program increased from 2 percent to 4 percent.

In 2008, a study was published using wet divers at the same depth and confirmed that no statistically significant reduction in reported fatigue is seen.

For example, according to a 2008 study by Ipsos, the number of British fantasy sports players aged 16 – 64 is estimated to range between 5. 5 and 7. 5 million.

" The same authors in a more comprehensive 2008 study, again on Danish male conscripts, found that there was a 1. 5 points increase between 1988 and 1998, but a 1. 5 points decrease between 1998 and 2003 / 2004.

In the United Kingdom, a study by Flynn ( 2009 ) found that tests carried out in 1980 and again in 2008 show that the IQ score of an average 14-year-old dropped by more than two points over the period.

Pertinent to a non-partisan study on the 2008 U. S. Presidential election, the Population Reference Bureau, a demographic research organization based in Washington, D. C., cited Generation X birth years as falling between 1965-1982.

A study of granite countertops was done ( initiated and paid for by the Marble Institute of America ) in November 2008 by National Health and Engineering Inc of USA, and found that all of the 39 full size granite slabs that were measured for the study showed radiation levels well below the European Union safety standards ( section 4. 1. 1. 1 of the National Health and Engineering study ) and radon emission levels well below the average outdoor radon concentrations in the US.

* The Rise and Fall of the Cthulhu Mythos by S. T. Joshi ( Mythos Books, 2008 ) is the first full-length critical study since Lin Carter's to examine the development of Lovecraft's Mythos and its outworking in the oeuvres of various modern writers.

A PricewaterhouseCoopers study released in 2009, which surveyed the 2008 GDP of the top cities in the world, calculated Karachi ’ s GDP ( PPP ) to be $ 78 billion ( projected to be $ 193 billion in 2025 at a growth rate of 5. 5 %).

One study published in 2008 questions the long-accepted Mustelinae subfamily, and suggests Mustelidae consists of four major clades and three much smaller lineages.

By contrast, a previous study in 2008 had found only 38 percent of lemur species were at risk of extinction.

A 2008 study by Baylor University researchers found that clergy in the US often deny or dismiss the existence of a mental illness.

Labour and Social Welfare Minister Immanuel Ngatjizeko praised the 2008 study as " by far superior in scope and quality to any that has been available previously ", but its methodology has also received criticism.

A feasibility study by March 2008.

The results of a study of the genetics of the Iberian Peninsula released in December 2008 " attest to a high level of religious conversion ( whether voluntary or enforced ) driven by historical episodes of religious intolerance, which ultimately led to the integration of descendants.

A 2008 study on the genetics of modern Native American populations suggests that the 86 samples taken are descendants of a single migration that spread out along a coastal route prior to the Clovis era.

* Joshua Lederberg ( 1925 – 2008 ), geneticist who received the 1958 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for work in bacterial genetics, was born in Montclair.

By studying the songs and genetics of individuals in an overlap zone between Troglodytes hiemalis and Troglodytes pacificus, Toews and Irwin ( 2008 ) found strong evidence of reproductive isolation between the two.

Joshua Lederberg, ForMemRS ( May 23, 1925 – February 2, 2008 ) was an American molecular biologist known for his work in microbial genetics, artificial intelligence, and the United States space program.

On April 23, 2008, McKusick became the sole recipient of the Japan Prize for Medical Genetics, which was awarded to him for his pioneering achievements in establishing the field of medical genetics.

In November, 2008, he left Yahoo to join personal genetics information company, 23andMe as Product Fellow.

In the 15th Anniversary issue of Wired in 2008, Lucas Graves's article reported that the genetics, nanotechnology, and robotics technologies have not reached the level that would make Bill Joy's scenario come true.

Jouve and colleagues suggested in 2008 that juvenile marine crocodyliforms lived in freshwater environments like modern marine crocodile juveniles, which would have helped them survive where other marine reptiles became extinct ; freshwater environments were not as strongly affected by the K – Pg extinction event as marine environments.

By July 2008 various blogs referred to " an e-mail " from a colleague of the band's attorney that suggested the issue was " amicably resolved ".

A 2008 article in the journal Health Affairs suggested that the Dutch health system, which combines mandatory universal coverage with competing private health plans, could serve as a model for reform in the US.

It has been suggested that his no-show at the Download Festival 2008 was due to a broken heart.

In 2008 it was suggested that the Pharos was the vertical yardstick used in the first precise measurement of the size of the earth.

Reports in March 2008 have suggested that the Saturnian moon Rhea may have its own tenuous ring system, which would make it the only moon known to possess a ring system.

Radiocarbon dating in 2008 suggested that the first stones were erected in 2400 – 2200 BC, whilst another theory suggests that bluestones may have been erected at the site as early as 3000 BC ( see phase 1 below ).

The episode " That ' 90s Show " ( season 19, 2008 ) contradicted much of the established back-story ; for example, it was revealed that Marge and Homer were childless in the early 1990s although past episodes had suggested Bart and Lisa were born in the 1980s.

Italy, with a multi-party system, has had years of divisive politics since 2000, although analyst Silvia Aloisi suggested in 2008 that the nation may be moving closer to a two-party arrangement.

However, an opinion poll in April 2008 suggested the result of any referendum on Scottish independence could be close as support for independence had reached 41 % with just 40 % supporting retention of the Union.

Caron ( 2008 ) suggested that machaeridians must be a stem group based on number of specialised features.

In addition, a study in 2008 suggested the earliest animals may have been similar to modern comb jellies.

In 2008 a statistical study suggested gender inequities in conference presentations allocated by the laboratory to postdoctoral research scientists based at Fermilab.

In agreement with the split of Falconiformes and Accipitriformes, comparative genome analysis published in 2008 suggested that falcons are more closely related to the parrots and passerines than to other birds including the Accipitridae, so that the traditional Falconiformes are paraphyletic even if the Cathartidae are excluded ..

A study by Paul Johnson and Paul Kenny at the Scripps Research Institute ( 2008 ) suggested that junk food consumption alters brain activity in a manner similar to addictive drugs like cocaine or heroin.

In the 2008 Kevin Anderson novel The Last Days of Krypton, the El family crest is suggested to symbolize the serpent of deception imprisoned in a diamond-hard crystal of truth.

November 8, 2008 < http :// www. lrb. co. uk / v20 / n23 / wood02_. html ></ ref > Henry James has also been suggested as a significant precursor, in a work as early as Portrait of a Lady ( 1881 ).

Recently, Mitch Parsell ( 2008 ) has suggested that virtual communities, particularly those that leverage Web 2. 0 resources, can be pernicious by leading to attitude polarization, increased prejudices and enabling sick individuals to deliberately indulge in their diseases.

The Wall Street Journal reported in 2008 that " Top executives from General Motors Corp. and Toyota Motor Corp. Tuesday expressed doubts about the viability of hydrogen fuel cells for mass-market production in the near term and suggested their companies are now betting that electric cars will prove to be a better way to reduce fuel consumption and cut tailpipe emissions on a large scale.

in 2008 suggested that the tardigrades could be grouped along with the nematodes, leaving Onychophora as the sister group to the arthropods.

Reports late in the campaign suggested that Dole suffered from Barack Obama's decision to aggressively contest North Carolina in the presidential election, while Hagan received substantial support from independent 527 groups lobbying / advertising against Dole, as well as the Democratic Senate Campaign Committee, which spent more money in North Carolina than in any other state during the 2008 election season.

By contrast, a molecular phylogenetic study in 2008 suggested that there were around 10 distinguishable groups.

In his 2008 book How to Make Good Decisions and Be Right All the Time, Iain King suggested a credible rule on lying was possible, and defined it as: " Deceive only if you can change behaviour in a way worth more than the trust you would lose, were the deception discovered ( whether the deception actually is exposed or not ).

The 2001 Census recorded the population of the civil parish as 15, 613, the urban area as 16, 660, and a 2008 estimate suggested that the latter figure had grown to 17, 116.