The 5th-century AD Vishnusamhita, an appendix to the Vishnu Purana, refers directly to the modeling of wax for making metal objects in chapter XIV: " if an image is to be made of metal, it must first be made of wax .” Chapter 68 of the ancient Sanskrit text Mānasāra Silpa details casting idols in wax and is entitled " Maduchchhista vidhānam ", or " lost wax method ".

These include the Athanasian creed, which is today generally seen as being of 5th-century Galician origin.

The novel, which won the 2009 International Prize for Arabic Fiction and will be published in English under the title Azazeel, is set in 5th-century Egypt and Syria and deals with the early history of Christianity.

Writing in 335 BCE ( long after the Golden Age of 5th-century Athenian tragedy ), Aristotle provides the earliest-surviving explanation for the origin of the dramatic art-form in his Poetics, in which he argues that tragedy developed from the improvisations of the leader of choral dithyrambs ( hymns sung and danced in praise of Dionysos, the god of wine and fertility ):

The highly successful 5th-century mission of Saint Patrick established churches in conjunction with civitates like his own in Armagh ; small enclosures in which groups of Christians, often of both sexes and including the married, lived together, served in various roles and ministered to the local population.

17212 manuscript which was discovered in 1853 and survives as a double palimpsest, that is, a 5th-century copy was overwritten in the 6th century with a Latin grammatical treatise and again in the 11th century with a Syriac translation of John Chrysostom's sermons.

Gwynedd () was one petty kingdom of several Welsh successor states which emerged in 5th-century post-Roman Britain in the Early Middle Ages, and later evolved into a principality during the High Middle Ages.

However, numerous fragments of his ten-book genealogies of the gods and heroes, which was written in the Ionian dialect to glorify the ancestors in the heroic age of his 5th-century patrons, have been preserved.

Records from 1893 suggest that one room was used as a praetorium, another as a workshop ; and there was a 5th-century adjoining sacristy, simple in style, which featured a chancel, nave, and stone altar.

Gibson's first name comes from the 5th-century Irish saint, Mel, founder of the diocese of Ardagh ( which contains most of his mother's native county ), while his second name, Colmcille, also linked to an Irish saint, is the name of the parish in County Longford where Anne Reilly was born and raised.

Dongye, which means the Eastern Ye, was a Korean chiefdom which occupied portions of the northeastern Korean peninsula from roughly 3rd-century BCE to around early 5th-century.

Philhellenism also created a renewed interest in the artistic movement of Neoclassicism, which idealized 5th-century Classical Greek art and architecture., very much at second hand, through the writings of the first generation of art historians, like Johann Joachim Winckelmann and Gotthold Ephraim Lessing.

Scholars also note that the 5th-century Coptic version of the Gospel is part of the Berlin Codex along with the Apocryphon of John and the Sophia of Jesus Christ which are typically viewed as Gnostic texts.

List of the auxilia palatina included in the early 5th-century Notitia Dignitatum, which depicts also some of the shield patterns of the units.

After a close reading of the Thesmophoriazousae, the historian Jane McIntosh Snyder observed that Agathon's costume was almost identical to that of the famous lyric poet Anacreon, as he is portrayed in early 5th-century vase-paintings.

The Roman Catholic Church does not consider the validity of an ecumenical council's teaching to be in any way dependent on where it is held or on the granting or withholding of prior authorization or legal status by any state, in line with the attitude of the 5th-century bishops who " saw the definition of the church's faith and canons as supremely their affair, with or without the leave of the Emperor " and who " needed no one to remind them that Synodical process pre-dated the Christianisation of the royal court by several centuries ".

* Slater, Philip E. The Glory of Hera: Greek Mythology and the Greek Family ( Boston: Beacon Press ) 1968 ( Princeton University 1992 ISBN 0-691-00222-3 ) Concentrating on family structure in 5th-century Athens ; some of the crude usage of myth and drama for psychological interpreting of " neuroses " is dated.

Geoffrey Ashe is one dissenter from this view, believing that Geoffrey's narrative is partially derived from a lost source telling of the deeds of a 5th-century British king named Riotamus, this figure being the original Arthur, although historians and Celticists have been reluctant to follow Ashe in his conclusions.

Prometheus Bound, perhaps the most famous treatment of the myth to be found among the Greek tragedies, is traditionally attributed to the 5th-century BC Greek tragedian Aeschylus.

In 5th-century building accounts, the structure is simply called ho naos (" the temple ").

The Knights is a satire on political and social life in 5th-century Athens, the characters are drawn from real life and Cleon is clearly intended to be the villain.

Discovered in 1777, this marble herm is a Roman copy of a 5th-century BC original and may represent Aspasia's funeral | funerary stele.

The quarter is recorded as regio XIV in the early 5th-century Notitia Urbis Constantinopolitanae, where it is recorded as being enclosed by a wall of its own.

The legend of Ursula is based on a 4th-or 5th-century inscription from the Church of St. Ursula ( on the Ursulaplatz ) in Cologne.

It is the best-preserved of the gates, and retains substantially unaltered from its original, 5th-century appearance.

The oldest ordination rite for deaconesses is found in the 5th-century Apostolic Constitutions.

Vortimer () is a figure in British tradition, a son of the 5th-century Britonnic ruler Vortigern.

In the 5th-century exegetic Visuddhimagga, Buddhaghoṣa states that the function of paññā is " to abolish the darkness of delusion " and that it is " manifested as non-delusion.

The objects included a Greek red-figure kylix from the 5th-century BC, signed by the painter Onesimos and the potter Euphronios as potter, looted from the Etruscan site of Cerveteri ; a torso of the god Mithra from the 2nd-century AD, and the head of a youth by the Greek sculptor Polykleitos.

Bede ascribed to these legendary figures a historical role in the 5th-century Anglo-Saxon conquest of eastern Britain.

Brychan Brycheiniog was a legendary 5th-century king of Brycheiniog ( Brecknockshire alternatively Breconshire ) in South Wales.

According to Sebastian's 5th-century Acta Sanctorum, still attributed to Ambrose by the 17th-century hagiographer Jean Bolland, and the briefer account in Legenda Aurea, he was a man of Gallia Narbonensis who was taught in Milan and appointed as a captain of the Praetorian Guard under Diocletian and Maximian, who were unaware that he was a Christian.

However, the sea may have been known to earlier mariners, as a poem by the late 4th century AD author, Rufus Festus Avienus, describes a portion of the Atlantic as being covered with seaweed, citing a now-lost account by the 5th-century BC Carthaginian explorer Himilco the Navigator.

According to the 5th-century Armenian annals, St. Gregory had a vision of Christ descending from heaven and striking the earth with a golden hammer to show where the cathedral should be built.

), is a common name for several congregations of hermits living according to the Rule of St. Augustine, with supplementary regulations taken from the writings of the 5th-century monk and scholar, St Jerome.

Marble Roman copy after a 5th-century BC Greek original attributed to Polykleitos.

The name of the Creed may come from the probably 5th-century tradition that, under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit after Pentecost, each of the Twelve Apostles dictated part of it.

Beyond notices in his extant writings, the major sources are the 5th-century ecclesiastical historians Socrates, Sozomen, and Theodoret, and the 4th-century Christian author Jerome.

Belief in a flat Earth continued into the 5th-century BC.

She writes that only three fragmentary manuscripts are known to have survived into the modern period, two 3rd-century fragments ( P. Rylands 463 and P. Oxyrhynchus 3525 ) published in 1938 and 1983, and a longer 5th-century Coptic translation ( Berolinensis Gnosticus 8052, 1 ) published in 1955.

The Old Syriac gospels are fragmentarily preserved in two manuscripts: the 5th-century Curetonian Syriac and the Sinaitic Syriac from the 4th or 5th century.

According to a 4th / 5th-century biography translated by Kumārajīva, Nāgārjuna was born into a Brahmin family, and later became a Buddhist.

According to the 5th-century Roman historian Cassiodorus the people known to Tacitius as the Aestii were the Estonians.

Although early authors such as Aeschylus refer in passing to Menelaus ' early life, detailed sources are quite late, post-dating 5th-century BC Greek tragedy.

Menelaus appears as a character in a number of 5th-century Greek tragedies: Sophocles ' Ajax, and Euripides ' Andromache, Helen, Orestes, Iphigenia at Aulis, and The Trojan Women.

Saint Remi Basilica, an easy one-mile walk from the Cathedral of Notre Dame of Reims, takes its name from the 5th-century Saint Remi — revered as the patron saint of the inhabitants of Reims for more than 15 centuries.

The adjacent Tonocov Grad archaeological site has remains of 5th-century Roman buildings.