General histories of Southern Africa are also valuable including Noel Mostert's " Frontiers " and a detailed account of the results from the Zulu expansion, J. D. Omer-Cooper's " The Zulu Aftermath ", which advances the traditional Mfecane theory.

Nearly the same moment is described in a Zulu warrior's account.

A Zulu account describes a group of the 24th forming a square on the neck of Isandlwana.

Mofolo then composed Chaka, a fictionalized account of the Zulu conqueror who built a mighty empire during the first quarter of the 19th century.

On account of the ferry, the Zulu named the settlement eSkipeni-Place of the Boat.

He records his impressions of the Zulu people and their customs which are particularly interesting as they are an account of the Zulu people before they came under European influence.

Probably derived from the Zulu word uMkhamazi, the name relates to the sighting of a whale in the river estuary at some point in history.

Dalton pointed out that a small column, travelling in open country and burdened with carts full of hospital patients, would be easily overtaken and defeated by a numerically superior Zulu force, and so it was soon agreed that the only acceptable course was to remain and fight.

One punch hit Zulu in the jaw, he fell to the floor and tried to rise, but the referee stopped the fight before he could do so.

The New Republic ( comprising the town of Vryheid ) was established in 1884 on land given to the local Boers by the Zulu King Dinuzulu the son of Cetshwayo after he recruited local Boers to fight on his side.

When his father Malandela died, his eldest son Qwabe fought his younger brother Zulu, causing his younger brother Zulu, along with his people ( Zulus ) to be exiled from the land of Ngunis and Mambos because they killed more people in that fight and they became wanderers ( Izinzula ).

Lord Chelmsford, the Commander-in-Chief of British forces during the war, initially planned a five-pronged invasion of Zululand composed of over 15, 000 troops in five columns and designed to encircle the Zulu army and force it to fight as he was concerned that the Zulus would avoid battle.

The measure of respect that the British gained for their opponents as a result of Isandlwana can be seen in that in none of the other engagements of the Zulu War did the British attempt to fight again in their typical linear formation, known famously as the Thin Red Line in an open-field battle with the main Zulu impi.

At about 12: 30 am local time ( see No Picnic, p. 132 ) Yankee and Zulu Companies attacked the northern peak ( Summer Days ) and after a very hard two-hour fight against two platoons and despite heavy machine-gun and mortar fire, succeeded in capturing ' Summer Days '.

She then became involved with a young army officer called Captain Cedric Dolby ( Maurice Denham ), the two later became engaged, but separated shortly before he was sent off to fight in the Zulu war.

Other of the farmers hastily laagered and were able to repulse the Zulu attacks ; the assailants suffering serious loss at a fight near Bushman River.

British forces, eager to fight a large battle in which they can unleash their cutting-edge military technology against the vast Zulu army, become increasingly frustrated as the main Zulu army refuses to attack the British, and fighting is restricted to a few small skirmishes between British and Zulu scouts.

The Battle of Rorke's Drift in 1879 saw a small British force repel an overwhelming attack by Zulu forces ; eleven Victoria Cross es were awarded for the defence.

In the southeast, in eastern South Africa, Swaziland, Lesotho, Zimbabwe, and southern Mozambique, they were adopted from a Tuu language or languages by the languages of the Nguni cluster ( especially Zulu, Xhosa, and Phuthi, but also to a lesser extent Swazi and Ndebele ), and spread from them in a reduced fashion to the Zulu-based pidgin Fanagalo, Sesotho, Tsonga, Ronga, the Mzimba dialect of Tumbuka, and more recently to Ndau and urban varieties of Pedi, where the spread of clicks is an ongoing process.

The most populous languages with clicks, Zulu and Xhosa, use the letters c, q, x, by themselves and in digraphs, to write click consonants.

* 1838 – Battle of Blood River: Voortrekkers led by Andries Pretorius and Sarel Cilliers defeat Zulu impis, led by Dambuza ( Nzobo ) and Ndlela kaSompisi in what is today KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

There was formerly one " Zulu " company of counter-revolutionary specialists, which was deactivated in late 2000 due to a mutiny by some of its members.

The Gatling gun was used most successfully to expand European colonial empires by killing warriors of non-industrialized societies mounting massed attacks, including the Matabele, the Zulu, the Bedouins, and the Mahdists.

In 1879 the Zulu Kingdom was invaded by Britain in a quest to control all of South Africa.

They were systematized radically by the Zulu king Shaka, who was then only the exiled illegitimate son of king Senzangakona, but already showing much prowess as a general in the army of Mthethwa king Dingiswayo in the Mthethwa-Ndwandwe war in the early 1810s.

Zulu tradition indicates that Shaka hardened the feet of his troops by having them stamp thorny tree and bush branches flat.

Upkeep of the regimental system and training seems to have continued after Shaka's death, although Zulu defeats by the Boers, and growing encroachment by British colonists, sharply curtailed raiding operations prior to the War of 1879.

Morris ( 1965, 1982 ) records one such mission under King Mpande to give green warriors of the uThulwana regiment experience: a raid into Swaziland, dubbed " Fund ' uThulwana " by the Zulu, or " Teach the uThulwana ".

Developments and refinements may have taken place after Shaka's death, as witnessed by the use of larger groupings of regiments by the Zulu against the British in 1879.

Blanketed by a hail of British bullets, rockets and artillery, the advance of the Zulu faltered.

The victory won by Zulu king Cetawasyo at Ndondakusuka, for example, two decades before the British invasion involved a deployment of 30, 000 troops.

The Zulu failed to make use of their superior mobility by attacking the British rear area such as Natal or in interdicting vulnerable British supply lines.

Indeed, the Zulu attacks on the British strongpoints at Rorke's Drift and at Kambula, ( both bloody defeats ) seemed to have been carried out by over-enthusiastic leaders and warriors despite contrary orders of the Zulu King, Cetshwayo.

* 1879 – Anglo-Zulu War: Battle of Rorke's Drift – 139 British soldiers successfully defend their garrison against an intense assault by four to five thousand Zulu warriors.

and Zambian Humanism: some major spiritual and economic challenges, by Justin B. Zulu.

Etherington argues that no such thing as the Mfecane occurred, the Zulu were no more marauding than any other group in the region, and the land the Voortrekkers saw as empty was not settled by either Zulu or Basotho because those people did not value open lowland plains as pasture.

A further link is supplied by the Zulu belief that the magician's familiar is really a transformed human being ; when he finds a dead body on which he can work his spells without fear of discovery, the wizard breathes a sort of life into it, which enables it to move and speak, it being thought that some dead wizard has taken possession of it.

Bayele later uses a distraction in the camp to kill the guard and release his two comrades ; the three escape to rejoin the Zulu army.

At the age of 18 Dube joined his cousin's band, The Love Brothers, playing Zulu pop music known as mbaqanga whilst funding his lifestyle by working for Hole and Cooke as a security guard at the car auctions in Midrand.

However, he did not over-rule Pulleine's dispositions and after lunch he quickly decided to take to the initiative and move forward to engage a Zulu force which Pulleine and Durnford judged to be moving against Chelmsford's rear.

The failure to secure an effective defensive position, the poor intelligence on the location of the main Zulu army, Chelmsford's decision to split his force in half, and the Zulus ' tactical exploitation of the terrain and the weaknesses in the British formation, all combined to prove catastrophic for the troops at Isandlwana.

Recent historians, notably Lock and Quantrill in Zulu Victory, argue that from the Zulu perspective the theatre of operations included the diversions around Magogo Hills and Mangeni Falls and that these diversions, which drew more than half of Chelmsford's forces away from Isandlwana, were deliberate.

Among the causes of the disaster were the ill-defined relationship between Durnford and Pulleine, brought about by failures of Lord Chelmsford's command and control, a lack of good intelligence on the size and location of Zulu forces which resulted in Chelmsford splitting his force and, most decidedly, Chelmsford's decision not to fortify the camp ( which was in direct violation of his own standing pre-campaign orders ).

A well-meaning officer of the NNC, Harford distinguishes himself from his colleagues through his concern for his African soldiers, and is appalled at British soldiers ' lack of interest in the lives of their black workers, and at Chelmsford's casual attitude to the torture of Zulu captives.