To find a node already in the overlay network, bootstrapping nodes may be used to inform the joining node of IP addresses of nodes currently in the overlay network.

Historically, bootstrapping also refers to an early technique for computer program development on new hardware.

Sometimes the bootstrapper also installs other prerequisites for the software during the bootstrapping process.

Seed money may also come from crowd funding or from financial bootstrapping rather than an offering.

There are also low-level languages such as the Lx family implemented by the bootstrapping method.

This may also be combined with the bootstrapping process mentioned above to mount complex attacks.

This process is known as booting, or booting up, which is short for bootstrapping.

Writing the compiler sources entirely in the programming language the compiler is supposed to translate, makes the following approach, better known as compiler bootstrapping, feasible on the target machine:

GHC is itself written in Haskell ( in a technique known as bootstrapping ), but the runtime system for Haskell, essential to run programs, is written in C and C --.

TD is related to dynamic programming techniques because it approximates its current estimate based on previously learned estimates ( a process known as bootstrapping ).

The development of compilers for new programming languages first developed in an existing language but then rewritten in the new language and compiled by itself, is another example of the bootstrapping notion.

A technique called bootstrapping the simulation model is used, which bootstraps initial data points using a pseudorandom number generator to schedule an initial set of pending events, which schedule additional events, and with time, the distribution of event times approaches its steady state — the bootstrapping behavior is overwhelmed by steady-state behavior.

Seed AI is a significant part of some theories about the technological singularity: proponents believe that the development of seed AI will rapidly yield ever-smarter intelligence ( via bootstrapping ) and thus a new era.

* See Startup company, a startup company can grow by reinvesting profits in its own growth, if its bootstrapping costs are low and return on investment is high.

A Bootstrapping Server Function ( BSF ) is an intermediary element in cellular networks which provides application independent functions for mutual authentication of user equipment and servers unknown to each other and for ' bootstrapping ' the exchange of secret session keys afterwards.

The term ' bootstrapping ' is related to building a security relation with a previously unknown device first and to allow installing security elements ( keys ) in the device and the BSF afterwards.

Some of these perform bootstrapping tasks, such as ExtUtils :: MakeMaker, which is used for building and installing other extension modules ; others, like CGI. pm, are merely commonly used.

* It is simple, suitable for bootstrapping or other purposes without a full protocol stack, such as the DHCP and Trivial File Transfer Protocol.

In the case where the only discount rate you have is not a zero-rate ( neither taken from a zero-coupon bond nor converted from a swap rate to a zero-rate through bootstrapping ) but an annually-compounded rate ( for example if your benchmark is a US Treasury bond with annual coupons and you only have its yield to maturity, you would use an annually-compounded discount factor:

That is, they have lower bootstrapping costs, higher risk, and higher potential return on investment.

On Sun SPARC systems, the Open Firmware interface is displayed on the console terminal before the bootstrapping of the system software.

This practice is called " bootstrapping ".

However, on computers that support bootstrapping from a USB interface, an SD card in a USB adaptor can be the primary hard disk, provided it contains an operating system that supports USB access once the bootstrap is complete.

Spot rates are estimated via the bootstrapping method, which uses prices of the securities currently trading in market, that is, from the cash or coupon curve.

communication or verify signatures is a bootstrapping problem.

Another type of hybrid P2P network are networks using on the one hand central server ( s ) or bootstrapping mechanisms, on the other hand P2P for their data transfers.

The Gnutella2 protocol still uses the old " GNUTELLA CONNECT / 0. 6 " handshake string for its connections as defined in the gnutella 0. 6 specifications, which was criticized by the GDF as an attempt to use the gnutella network for bootstrapping the new, unrelated network, while proponents of the network claimed that its intent was to remain backwards-compatible with gnutella to allow current gnutella clients to add Gnutella2 at their leisure.

* Easy merger of multiple P-Grids, and hence decentralized bootstrapping of the P-Grid network.

Such systems usually load statically-linked servers to make an initial bootstrap or mount an OS image to continue bootstrapping.

If built by launching the necessary materials from Earth, the estimated cost for the system in 1980s money was around $ 31 trillion if launched using Shuttle-derived hardware, whereas it could fall to $ 15 billion with bootstrapping, assuming a large orbital manufacturing facility is available to provide the initial 18, 000 tonnes of steel, aluminium, and slag at a low cost, and even lower with orbital rings around the moon.

Inherent to an autonomic system is the knowledge of the Purpose ( intention ) and the Know-how to operate itself ( e. g., bootstrapping, configuration knowledge, interpretation of sensory data, etc.

In these cases, if the device is not capable of providing accurate information — which ensures that the device is safe to run — subsequent code ( such as bootstrapping code ) may not be permitted to run.

Bowker has described several key terms and concepts that are enormously helpful for analyzing information infrastructure: imbrication, bootstrapping, figure / ground, and a short discussion of infrastructural inversion.

And so the bootstrapping continues, until we have the full repertoire of different kinds of cells.

Although other services opposed such " bootstrapping ", they did not have the IBM 704 computer that SAC used to analyze target priorities so could not offer competing selection lists.

The object file began with a bootstrapping routine so that each program could be loaded into memory, from card reader or magnetic tape, using a boot command from the console.

This bootstrapping quality of growth made Ford famous and set an example for other industries.

Compilers, linkers, loaders, and utilities were then coded in assembly language, further continuing the bootstrapping process of developing complex software systems by using simpler software.

Richard Dawkins in his book River Out of Eden used the computer bootstrapping concept to explain how biological cells differentiate: " Different cells receive different combinations of chemicals, which switch on different combinations of genes, and some genes work to switch other genes on or off.

The most complete coverage of Engelbart's bootstrapping ideas can be found in Boosting Our Collective IQ, by Douglas C. Engelbart, 1995.

The Institute promotes Engelbart's philosophy for boosting Collective IQ — the concept of dramatically improving how we can solve important problems together — using a strategic bootstrapping approach for accelerating our progress toward that goal.

This was, however, one of the first instances ( if not the first ) of compiler bootstrapping.

Since the IBM 701 in the 1950s, some bootstrapping process has been used to load programs and operating systems into the main memory.