While a net loss of spines is observed in Alzheimer's disease and cases of mental retardation, cocaine and amphetamine use have been linked to increases in dendritic branching and spine density in the prefrontal cortex and the nucleus accumbens.

A heavy syllable is a syllable with a branching nucleus or a branching rime.

Some languages distinguish a third type, CVVC syllables ( with both a branching nucleus and a coda ) and / or CVCC syllables ( with a coda consisting of two or more consonants ) as superheavy syllables.

A Dyson tree might consist of a few main trunk structures growing out from a comet nucleus, branching into limbs and foliage that intertwine, forming a spherical structure possibly dozens of kilometers across.

In 1992, author Ted Nelson – who coined both terms in 1963 – wrote: By now the word " hypertext " has become generally accepted for branching and responding text, but the corresponding word " hypermedia ", meaning complexes of branching and responding graphics, movies and sound – as well as text – is much less used.

In colloquial English, labyrinth is generally synonymous with maze, but many contemporary scholars observe a distinction between the two: maze refers to a complex branching ( multicursal ) puzzle with choices of path and direction ; while a single-path ( unicursal ) labyrinth has only a single, non-branching path, which leads to the center.

When significant evolutionary change occurs, the theory proposes that it is generally restricted to rare and geologically rapid events of branching speciation called cladogenesis.

Clubmosses are thought to be structurally similar to the earliest vascular plants, with small, scale-like leaves, homosporous spores borne in sporangia at the bases of the leaves, branching stems ( usually dichotomous ), and generally simple form.

It is generally thickest and most distinctive at the trunk or bole ( The area from the ground to where the main branching starts ) of the tree.

The branching storyline allows the player the option of choosing alternate paths, which generally do not affect the plot in any significant manner.

* Some members are generally amoeboid, with long branching cell extensions, though they pass through flagellate stages as well.

As early as 1983, Portopia Serial Murder Case featured non-linear elements, which includes travelling between different areas in a generally open world, a branching dialogue conversation system where the story develops through entering commands and receiving responses from other characters, and making choices that determine the dialogues and order of events as well as alternate outcomes, though there is only one true culprit while the others are red herrings.

While tree traversal is generally done for finite trees – finite number of nodes, hence finite depth and finite branching factor – it can also be done for infinite trees.

Between and Dumbarton, the route is shared with the North Clyde Line before branching northward at Craigendoran Junction towards, the section where the West Highland Line is generally accepted to " begin proper ".

This is generally accepted, with the exception of the " Tumtum " group, although it is unclear whether Kordofanian or Mande was the first branching.

All Saints generally explores the areas where Ambient music embraces other genres of music, but its recent policy of branching out does not seem to have excluded its established artists.

Rhizopus species grow as filamentous, branching hyphae that generally lack cross-walls ( i. e., they are coenocytic ).

LDPE has a high degree of short and long chain branching, which means that the chains do not pack into the crystal structure as well.

* A spur line branching from the Upfield line along the former Inner Circle rail easement to Princes Park, was proposed by the Public Transport Users Association in 1991, primarily as a means of transporting sports fans to the football ground.

The head appears in a medial position, which means that the phrase combines both types of branching.

The word " phyletic " derives from the Greek φυλετικός phūletikos, which means relating to evolutionary change in a single line of descent without branching.

A syllable with a branching rime is a closed syllable, that is, one with a coda ( one or more consonants at the end of the syllable ); this type of syllable is abbreviated CVC.

Because no species other than Homo sapiens has survived from the human line of that branching, both chimpanzee species are the closest living relatives of humans.

For example, the research suggests Markuelia has closest affinity to priapulid worms, and is adjacent to the evolutionary branching of Priapulida, Nematoda and Arthropoda.

Degree of branching refers to the number of direct subordinates or children an object has ( equivalent to the number of vertices a node has ).

IGF-I has an involvement in regulating neural development including neurogenesis, myelination, synaptogenesis, and dendritic branching and neuroprotection after neuronal damage.

The Firth of Clyde, in which these island lie, is north of the Irish Sea and has numerous branching inlets, some of them substantial features in their own right.

Further, the generative theory has several hypothetical constructs ( such as movement, empty categories, complex underlying structures, and strict binary branching ) that cannot possibly be acquired from any amount of linguistic input.

Names obfuscate the really interesting part, which is the branching order, and are therefore of little utility to the cladist-at odds with the taxonomist, who since the time of Linnaeus has been naming species.

The end of the axon has branching terminals ( axon terminal ) that release neurotransmitters into a gap called the synaptic cleft between the terminals and the dendrites of the next neuron.

Paleontological evidence has suggested an origin of the red wolf line 1 – 2 Ma, branching from a wolf-coyote ancestor, which itself appeared about 4. 9 Ma.

However, Jacques ( 2006 ) notes, " comparative work has never been able to put forth evidence for common innovations to all the Tibeto-Burman languages ( the Sino-Tibetan languages to the exclusion of Chinese )," and that " it no longer seems justified to treat Chinese as the first branching of the Sino-Tibetan family ," as the morphological divide between Chinese and Tibeto-Burman has been bridged by recent reconstructions of Old Chinese.

Spaghetti code is a pejorative term for source code that has a complex and tangled control structure, especially one using many GOTOs, exceptions, threads, or other " unstructured " branching constructs.

Later chapters provide evidence that evolution has occurred, supporting the idea of branching, adaptive evolution without directly proving that selection is the mechanism.

) Each node in the network having a specific fixed number, of nodes connected to it at the next lower level in the hierarchy, the number, being referred to as the ' branching factor ' of the hierarchical tree. This tree has individual peripheral nodes.

Other modes of decay are negligible ; for instance, the five photons mode has branching ratio of ~.

Because no species other than Homo sapiens has survived from the human line of that branching, both Pan species are the closest living relatives of humans and cladistically are equally close to humans.

The " mallet " is a small to medium-sized tree that does not produce lignotubers and has a relatively long trunk, a steeply branching habit and often a conspicuously dense terminal crown.

The degree of branching has an important influence on the properties.

Staccato lightning is a cloud-to-ground lightning ( CG ) strike which is a short-duration stroke that ( often but not always ) appears as a single very bright flash and often has considerable branching.

A panicle is a definite inflorescence that is increasingly more strongly and irregularly branched from the top to the bottom and where each branching has a terminal flower.

This is the case when an instruction loop has a simple structure, or the possible outcome of a small system of conditional branching instructions is restricted to a small set of possibilities.