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Page "Continuum mechanics" ¶ 3
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continuum and is
Since the air is a continuum, the network of communication remains intact regardless of the positions or motions of the points ( the people ) in the net.
If a dancer is good, she suggests purely and superbly the fundamental mechanics of ancestry and progeny -- the continuum of mankind.
For example, the generalized continuum hypothesis ( GCH ) is not only independent of ZF, but also independent of ZFC.
However, if the excited atom has been previously ionized, in particular if one of its inner shell electrons has been removed, a phenomenon known as the Auger effect may take place where the quantity of energy is transferred to one of the bound electrons causing it to go into the continuum.
Raymond Williams argues that there is no unique and or individual aesthetic object which can be extrapolated from the art world, but that there is a continuum of cultural forms and experience of which ordinary speech and experiences may signal as art.
In usage, there is a continuum between folklore and mythology.
In CS AAS, in contrast, a single lamp, emitting a continuum spectrum over the entire spectral range of interest is used for all elements.
When a continuum radiation source is used for AAS, it is necessary to use a high-resolution monochromator, as will be discussed later.
When a continuum radiation source is used for AAS measurement it is indispensable to work with a high-resolution monochromator.
* Conservation of Momentum: This equation applies Newton's second law of motion to a continuum, whereby force is equal to the time derivative of momentum.
In DSM-IV-TR and ICD-10, bipolar disorder is conceptualized as a spectrum of disorders occurring on a continuum.
Many contemporary thinkers actually suggest that time is the fourth dimension, thus reducing space and time to one distinct ontological entity, the space-time continuum.
In medicine, consciousness is assessed by observing a patient's arousal and responsiveness, and can be seen as a continuum of states ranging from full alertness and comprehension, through disorientation, delirium, loss of meaningful communication, and finally loss of movement in response to painful stimuli.
In mathematics, the continuum hypothesis ( abbreviated CH ) is a hypothesis, advanced by Georg Cantor in 1878, about the possible sizes of infinite sets.
Establishing the truth or falsehood of the continuum hypothesis is the first of Hilbert's 23 problems presented in the year 1900.
However, certain physical phenomena can be modeled assuming the materials exist as a continuum, meaning the matter in the body is continuously distributed and fills the entire region of space it occupies.
The validity of the continuum assumption may be verified by a theoretical analysis, in which either some clear periodicity is identified or statistical homogeneity and ergodicity of the microstructure exists.
In continuum mechanics a body is considered stress-free if the only forces present are those inter-atomic forces ( ionic, metallic, and van der Waals forces ) required to hold the body together and to keep its shape in the absence of all external influences, including gravitational attraction.
In the classical branches of continuum mechanics the development of the theory of stresses is based on non-polar materials.
The motion of a continuum body is a continuous time sequence of displacements.
There is continuity during deformation or motion of a continuum body in the sense that:

continuum and body
Configuration of a continuum body
Therefore, when continuum mechanics refers to a point or particle in a continuous body it does not describe a point in the interatomic space or an atomic particle, rather an idealized part of the body occupying that point.
Therefore, the stresses considered in continuum mechanics are only those produced by deformation of the body, sc.
Motion of a continuum body.
A change in the configuration of a continuum body results in a displacement.
In the Lagrangian description, the motion of a continuum body is expressed by the mapping function ( Figure 2 ),
The material derivative of any property of a continuum, which may be a scalar, vector, or tensor, is the time rate of change of that property for a specific group of particles of the moving continuum body.
It is convenient to do the analysis of deformation or motion of a continuum body in terms of the displacement field, In general, the displacement field is expressed in terms of the material coordinates as
Body temperature maintenance ( thermoregulation ) incorporates a wide range of different techniques that result in a body temperature continuum.
In continuum mechanics, the infinitesimal strain theory, sometimes called small deformation theory, small displacement theory, or small displacement-gradient theory, deals with infinitesimal deformations of a continuum body.
For infinitesimal deformations of a continuum body, in which the displacements and the displacement gradients are small compared to unity, i. e., and, it is possible to perform a geometric linearisation of the Lagrangian finite strain tensor, and the Eulerian finite strain tensor.
The motion of a body through a flow is considered, in flight dynamics, as continuum current.
In the teaching story abovementioned, Shakyamuni Buddhi and his sangha traverse the continuum directly in the body of their own experience rather than constructing a gradual vehicle for passage.
The surface of the ellipsoid represents the locus of the endpoints of all stress vectors acting on all planes passing through a given point in the continuum body.
In other words, the endpoints of all stress vectors at a given point in the continuum body lie on the stress ellipsoid surface, i. e., the radius-vector from the center of the ellipsoid, located at the material point in consideration, to a point on the surface of the ellipsoid is equal to the stress vector on some plane passing through the point.
Brown ( 2006: p. 19 ) charts the lineage of philosophers, namely Nietzsche ( 1844 – 1900 ), Husserl ( 1859 – 1938 ), Heidegger ( 1889 – 1976 ), Sartre ( 1905 – 1980 ), Merleau-Ponty ( 1908 – 1961 ), and Levinas ( 1906 — 1995 ) who challenged the entrenched Cartesian dualism of a hard split between " body " and " mind " and hence, embraced different views of nondual ' bodymind ' or body-mind continuum thus:

continuum and can
That the algebra of the real numbers can be employed to yield results about the linear continuum of geometry relies on the Cantor – Dedekind axiom.
In some cases, a continuum approximation can be used.
The model provides a theoretical continuum along which process maturity can be developed incrementally from one level to the next.
Conversely, every point on the line can be interpreted as a number in an ordered continuum which includes the real numbers.
Programs can express fine-grained control over dynamism, admitting programs that occupy a continuum between dynamic and static programming and supporting evolutionary development ( allowing for rapid prototyping followed by incremental refinement and optimization ).
These three lines can be observed superimposed on the white continuum using a hand spectroscope, for light emitted by the usual white fluorescent tubes.
He also showed that neither the axiom of choice nor the continuum hypothesis can be disproved from the accepted axioms of set theory, assuming these axioms are consistent.
Cohen is noted for developing a mathematical technique called forcing, which he used to prove that neither the continuum hypothesis ( CH ), nor the axiom of choice, can be proved from the standard Zermelo – Fraenkel axioms ( ZF ) of set theory.
A spectrum ( plural spectra or spectrums ) is a condition that is not limited to a specific set of values but can vary infinitely within a continuum.
( Brouwer ) maintains that a veritable continuum which is not denumerable can be obtained as a medium of free development ; that is to say, besides the points which exist ( are ready ) on account of their definition by laws, such as e, pi, etc.
The structure of the molecular cloud and the effects of the protostar can be observed in near-IR extinction maps ( where the number of stars are counted per unit area and compared to a nearby zero extinction area of sky ), continuum dust emission and rotational transitions of CO and other molecules ; these last two are observed in the millimeter and submillimeter range.
The X-ray continuum can arise from bremsstrahlung, black-body radiation, synchrotron radiation, or what is called inverse Compton scattering of lower-energy photons by relativistic electrons, knock-on collisions of fast protons with atomic electrons, and atomic recombination, with or without additional electron transitions.
The two major groups: Nehiyaw and Innu, speak a mutually intelligible, Cree dialect continuum, which can be divided by many criteria.
In a dialect continuum, " It is not so much a language, as a chain of dialects, where speakers from one community can very easily understand their neighbours, but a Plains Cree speaker from Alberta would find a Quebec Cree speaker difficult to speak to without practice.
It can be thought of as a vector space ( or affine space ), a metric space, a topological space, a measure space, or a linear continuum.
Jan van Mill has described as a ' three headed monster ' — the three heads being a smiling and friendly head ( the behaviour under the assumption of the continuum hypothesis ), the ugly head of independence which constantly tries to confuse you ( determining what behaviour is possible in different models of set theory ), and the third head is the smallest of all ( what you can prove about it in ZFC ).< ref > It has relatively recently been observed that this characterisation isn't quite right-there is in fact a fourth head of, in which forcing axioms and Ramsey type axioms give properties of almost diametrically opposed to those under the continuum hypothesis, giving very few maps from indeed.
The continuum of unlinkability can also be seen, in part, on Wikipedia.
Abstract games cannot be completely divided from simulations and so games can be thought of as existing on a continuum of almost pure abstraction ( like Abalone ) to almost pure simulation ( like Strat-o-Matic Baseball ).
Bates and Poole ( 2003 ) and the OECD ( 2005 ) suggest that different types or forms of e-learning can be considered as a continuum, from no e-learning, i. e. no use of computers and / or the Internet for teaching and learning, through classroom aids, such as making classroom lecture Powerpoint slides available to students through a course web site or learning management system, to laptop programs, where students are required to bring laptops to class and use them as part of a face-to-face class, to hybrid learning, where classroom time is reduced but not eliminated, with more time devoted to online learning, through to fully online learning, which is a form of distance education.
In the Bates and Poole continuum, ' blended learning ' can cover classroom aids, laptops and hybrid learning, while ' distributed learning ' can incorporate either hybrid or fully online learning.

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