The new system consisted of five coins: the aureus / solidus, a gold coin weighing, like its predecessors, one-sixtieth of a pound ; the argenteus, a coin weighing one ninety-sixth of a pound and containing ninety-five percent pure silver ; the follis, sometimes referred to as the laureatus A, which is a copper coin with added silver struck at the rate of thirty-two to the pound ; the radiatus, a small copper coin struck at the rate of 108 to the pound, with no added silver ; and a coin known today as the laureatus B, a smaller copper coin struck at the rate of 192 to the pound.

* By this year, paper currency in China is worth only 0. 025 % to 0. 014 % its original value in the 14th century ; this and counterfeiting of copper coin currency will lead to a dramatic shift to using silver as the common medium of exchange in China.

" Good " money is money that shows little difference between its nominal value ( the face value of the coin ) and its commodity value ( the value of the metal of which it is made, often precious metals, nickel, or copper.

In the U. S., the metal in pennies ( mostly zinc since 1982 ) and the metal in nickels ( 75 % copper, 25 % nickel ) has a value close to ( and at some times exceeding ) the fiat face value of the coin.

The edge of the coin is smooth and it is copper in colour.

* The € 0. 02 is slightly larger than the one-cent coin and is of the same copper colour.

* The € 0. 05 is the largest of the copper coins, and is slightly larger than the two-cent coin, 21. 4 mm.

A little man with a `` a dark copper color '' skin, he was wearing `` calico trousers and a white cotton short gown ''.

Next to it is a copper section, with cooking utensils and a figure of the chief cook in an elaborate, floor-length robe.

The gruesome humor of the Nazis was not forgotten -- the gas chamber with a sign on it with the name of a Jewish foundation and bearing a copper Star of David -- nor the gratuitous sadism of SS officers.

One young girl told me how her mother removed a wart from her finger by soaking a copper penny in vinegar for three days and then painting the finger with the liquid several times.

Bronze, an alloy of copper and tin, was the first alloy discovered, during the prehistoric period now known as the bronze age ; it was harder than pure copper and originally used to make tools and weapons, but was later superseded by metals and alloys with better properties.

Examples of substitutional alloys include bronze and brass, in which some of the copper atoms are substituted with either tin or zinc atoms.

Native copper, however, was found worldwide, along with silver, gold and platinum, which were also used to make tools, jewelry, and other objects since Neolithic times.

In the Middle East, people began alloying copper with zinc to form brass.

In ancient Egypt and Mycenae, gold was often alloyed with copper to produce red-gold, or iron to produce a bright burgundy-gold.

Numerous Indian documents on copper plates exist, with the same symbol for zero in them, dated back as far as the 6th century CE.

The zinc, which is higher than both copper and hydrogen in the electrochemical series, reacts with the negatively charged sulfate ( SO < sub > 4 </ sub >< sup > 2 −</ sup >).

Dürer wrote of his desire to draw Luther in his diary in 1520: " And God help me that I may go to Dr. Martin Luther ; thus I intend to make a portrait of him with great care and engrave him on a copper plate to create a lasting memorial of the Christian man who helped me overcome so many difficulties.

His bouquets were painted symmetrically and with scientific accuracy in small dimensions and normally on copper.

* from reaction of certain terminal alkynes with formaldehyde, copper ( I ) bromide and added base

By working with Motorola, AMD was able to refine copper interconnect manufacturing to the production stage about one year before Intel.

Brass Dice | die, along with zinc and copper samples.

Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc ; the proportions of zinc and copper can be varied to create a range of brasses with varying properties.

Bronze does not necessarily contain tin, and a variety of alloys of copper, including alloys with arsenic, phosphorus, aluminium, manganese, and silicon, are commonly termed " bronze ".

were retrofitted with antimicrobial copper alloys in certain patient rooms ( i. e., the “ coppered ” rooms ) in the Intensive Care Unit ( ICU ).

The term may also refer to certain types of nickel silver alloys as well as Cu-Zn-Sn alloys with high proportions ( typically 40 %+) of tin and / or zinc, as well as predominantly zinc casting alloys with copper additive.

Although forms of brass have been in use since prehistory, its true nature as a copper-zinc alloy was not understood until the post medieval period because the zinc vapor which reacted with copper to make brass was not recognised as a metal.

Wood, pewter, tortoise-shell, brass, copper and even silver were employed, but in the end the material most frequently used was wood, and there still survive vast numbers of Georgian box-shaped caddies in mahogany, rosewood, satin-wood and other timbers.

Dilmun or Telmun ( Arabic: دلمون ) is a land mentioned by Mesopotamian civilizations as a trade partner, a source of the metal copper, and an entrepôt of the Mesopotamia-to-Indus Valley Civilization trade route.

The word saganaki is a diminutive of sagani, a frying pan with two handles, which comes from the Turkish word sahan ' copper dish ', itself borrowed from Arabic صحن ( ṣaḥn ).

A. S. Altekar, on the basis of the evidences from the fragments of the Devichandragupta, copper plate inscriptions of Rashtrakuta kings Amoghavarsha I and Govinda IV from Sanjan, Khambhat and Sangli, brief reference of Banabhatta, a stray verse quoted by Rajashekhara in his Kavyamimamsa and the narrative of Rawwal and Barkamaris found in a Persian text, Mujmal-ut-Tawarikh ( which is a translation of an Arabic work by Abu-al Hasan Ali, which in turn is a translation of an unknown Sanskrit work ), concluded that Ramagupta mentioned in the traditional accounts really existed.

* Raqwa ( rakwa ) — Rakwa is an Arabic word used in the Levant for a small coffee pot of copper, having a long handle ( originally a leather bag for water, later a coffee pot ).

Certain " Ramagupta " too is mentioned in inscriptions on Jain figures in the District Archaeological Museum, Vidisha and some copper coins found at Vidisha.

The presence of copper rosettes indicate that a funeral pall was draped on a frame associated with the shrine, also comparable to Tutankhamun's shrines .< ref name =" bell p. 129 "> Bell, M. R., < cite >" An Armchair Excavation of KV 55 ", JARCE 27 ( 1990 )</ cite > p. 129 </ ref > However, the decoration and inscriptions on the shrine are markedly different from those of Tutankhamun: the decoration was dominated by large offering scenes rather than a multitude of smaller mythological scenes ; the text was far more brief, and seems primarily concerned with titles, names, and the shrine's dedication, rather than with excerpts from funerary books ; and the interior of the shrine was uninscribed and undecorated .< ref > Bell, M. R., < cite >" An Armchair Excavation of KV 55 ", JARCE 27 ( 1990 )</ cite > p. 120, 129 </ ref >

The Oriya language begins to appear in inscriptions with Oriya scripts in temples, copper plates, palm-leaf manuscripts etc.

It is thought that the copper strip with the monogram is the work of the descendants of Skanderbeg and was placed there by them, as Skanderbeg never held any other title but “ Lord of Albania ” ( Dominus Albaniae ) Thus the inscriptions on the helmet may refer to the unsettled name by which Albania was known at the time, as a means to identify Skanderbeg's leadership over all Albanians across regional denominative identifications.

A lot of the information about the activities of various kings came from inscriptions like these as well as copper plates like the one found at Anbil.

* Indian copper plate inscriptions, which usually record grants of land or lists of royal lineages carrying the royal seal, and play an important role in the reconstruction of the history of India

It was the definite language of stone and copper plate inscriptions, royal decrees, chronicles, Hindu and Buddhist manuscripts, official documents, journals, title deeds, correspondence and creative writing.

It was used universally in stone and copper inscriptions, sacred manuscripts, official documents, journals, title deeds, correspondence and creative writing.

For a thousand years, it was used on stone and copper plate inscriptions, coins ( Nepalese mohar ), palm-leaf documents and Hindu and Buddhist manuscripts.

An outline of this kind, pending the discovery of more definite materials to fill in the details, quite consistently prepares us for the next succeeding historical appearance of the Pallavas in Sir Walter Elliot's Vengi copper plates of Vijaya Nandi-varman and the subsequent inscriptions of the Chalukyas, at whose arrival in the Dakhan they found the Pallavas in possession of its western districts, as far at the least as the vicinity of Badami in the middle basin of the Krishna, and of its eastern districts as far north at least as Rajahmahendri in the lower basin of the Godavari, and with their capital still at Kanchipura, where Sivaskanda-varman of our present grant reigned several centuries before ..... I believe it to be, and his reign fell at any time about the end of the first century CE, or the beginning of the second.

His benevolent acts at other temples have also been recorded in his copper plate inscriptions.

Rock and copper plate inscriptions from then onwards, and Xaansi bark manuscripts right up to the 18th-19th centuries show a steady development of the Assamese script.

The Kotha Bastion contains a fine collection of sculptures, coins, inscriptions and copper plates and the skeleton of a whale.

The copper plate inscriptions held by every Maravar community in the region indicates that the Kōnāttu vellalar were victorious in the end.

According to historian Nicholas B. Dirks, the local sources like palm leaf manuscripts, copper plate inscriptions and many of the origin stories also indicate that there was a relationship between the Irukkuvel family of chieftains and the Karkathar vellalar community and he says, that the Irukkuvel titles such as Vēlār as in Madurantaka Irukkuvēlār, Śembiyan Irukkuvēlār, etc.

From the Nidhanpur copper inscriptions issued by King Bhaskarbarman, it is learned that the region has been within the Kamrupa Kingdom for about a hundred years since A. D. sixth century.

The 18th century miners recognised that they were following in the steps of much earlier workers, an observation that was then linked to the discovery locally of copper ingots bearing Roman inscriptions.

The most ancient place in the district is Halsi ; and this, according to inscriptions on copper plates discovered in its neighborhood, was once the capital of a dynasty of nine Kadamba kings.

In the Settlement Report for Manbhum ( 1928 ) it has been stated that no rock inscriptions, copper plates or old coins were discovered and not a single document of copper plate or palm leaf was found in course of the Survey and Settlement operations.

Mesopotamian inscriptions indicate that Indian traders from the Indus valley — carrying copper, hardwoods, ivory, pearls, carnelian, and gold — were active in Mesopotamia during the reign of Sargon of Akkad ( c. 2300 BCE ).