In 1999, John Earman and Jesús Mosterín published a thorough critical review of inflationary cosmology, concluding that “ we do not think that there are, as yet, good grounds for admitting any of the models of inflation into the standard core of cosmology ”.

The PDP-1 was supplied standard with 4096 words of core memory, 18-bits per word, and ran at a basic speed of 100, 000 operations per second.

Sold standard with 4 kWords of 12-bit core memory and a Teletype Model 33 ASR for basic input / output, the machine listed for only $ 18, 000.

Even here DG managed to innovate, packing this very small core and the corresponding support electronics onto a single standard 15 x board.

In computing, the Executable and Linkable Format ( ELF, formerly called Extensible Linking Format ) is a common standard file format for executables, object code, shared libraries, and core dumps.

The standard model for an active galactic nucleus is based upon an accretion disc that forms around a supermassive black hole ( SMBH ) at the core region.

It is made up of standard Message Text Formats ( MTF ) for man-readable and machine-processable information, a core set of common warfighting symbols, and data link standards called Tactical Data Links ( TDLs ).

Early versions of these used a specialized microcontroller with a static 68EC000 core ; later versions use a standard MC68SEC000 processor.

The AWMT paper did not describe any automatic search, nor any universal metadata scheme such as a standard library classification or a hypertext element set like the Dublin core.

During composers Beethoven and Felix Mendelssohn's time, the orchestra was composed of a fairly standard core of instruments which was very rarely modified.

Most programming languages have an associated core library ( sometimes known as the ' standard library ', especially if it is included as part of the published language standard ), which is conventionally made available by all implementations of the language.

This design of a small core language with a large standard library and an easily extensible interpreter was intended by Van Rossum from the very start because of his frustrations with ABC ( which espoused the opposite mindset ).

Unlike Common Lisp, the other main dialect, Scheme follows a minimalist design philosophy specifying a small standard core with powerful tools for language extension.

R6RS features a standard module system, allowing a split between the core language and libraries.

There have been continued experiments with aluminum, composite honeycomb, foam and resin to change, or substitute, the standard wood core.

The core general serialization mechanism is the standard library module.

With Mobile Application Part, UMTS uses the same core network standard as GSM / EDGE.

While each edition of Windows 2000 was targeted at a different market, they shared a core set of features, including many system utilities such as the Microsoft Management Console and standard system administration applications.

Wrapping the weapon's fissile core in a neutron reflector ( which is standard on all nuclear explosives ) can dramatically reduce the critical mass.

This core would then provide a basis upon which operators could build services in addition to those already present on a standard telephone exchange.

The core elements described above use standard protocols to communicate with each other.

A step-index fiber is characterized by the core and cladding refractive indices n < sub > 1 </ sub > and n < sub > 2 </ sub > and the core and cladding radii a and b. Examples of standard core and cladding diameters 2a / 2b are 8 / 125, 50 / 125, 62. 5 / 125, 85 / 125, or 100 / 140 ( units of µm ).

The Three Mile Island accident was caused by a stuck-open pilot-operated pressure relief valve combined with a deceptive water level gauge that misled reactor operators, which resulted in core damage.

This reduced set of types remains the core of valve production today.

Schrader valve components ( from left to right ) the valve core closed ( top ) and open ( bottom ), the order of assembly, end view of stem without core and with core ( top ) and stem with dust cap on ( bottom )

Unusually tall Schrader valve stem with valve core

The Schrader valve consists of a valve stem into which a valve core is threaded, and is used on virtually all automobile tires and most wider rimmed bicycle tyres.

The valve core is a poppet valve assisted by a spring.

The core of the valve can be removed or tightened with a tool.

Internal thread ( to accept the threaded valve core )

Unlike Schrader cores, the inner parts of the valve, the valve core, of standard Presta valves often cannot be removed from the stem.

The core tube is a metal shell that is produced by deep drawing because this process requires considerably less raw material and permits complex designs that integrate solutions ( example O-ring seats, formed flanges and closed tube ends ) which reduce the amount of parts per valve.

The nucleo is typically a turned metal part, that slides within the core tube, opening or closing the valve.

This table is correct for the core 3-valve layout on almost any modern valved brass instrument.

This core memory board, Part Number 50823 D8 7504-14166, and with layout artwork copyrighted 1971 by DGC, was organized in planar fashion as four groups of four banks, each bank carrying two sets of core in a 64 by 64 matrix ; thus there were 64 x 64 = 4096 bits per set, x 2 sets giving 8, 192 bits, x 4 banks giving 32, 768 bits, x 4 goups giving a total of 131, 072 bits, and this divided by the machine word size of 16 bits gave 8, 192 Words of memory.

The layout of the core campus resembles a rough circle with its center being Aldrich Park, initially known as Central Park, and lined up by the Ring Mall and buildings surrounding the road.

Beyond the core campus and the bridges, the layout of the campus is more suburban.

This library will supply the raw data for a given address in a memory region from a core dump ; it does not know anything about variables or data structures in that memory region, so the application using the library to read the core dump will have to determine the addresses of variables and determine the layout of data structures itself, for example by using the symbol table for the program undergoing debugging.

There are various German concertina systems which share common construction features and core button layout.

There is little variation between makers and models in the layout of the notes in the core diatonic rows, but somewhat more variation in the number and layout of the ' helper ' notes.

The construction of the core site itself is extremely similar to the layout of Naranjo ’ s Group B layout.

Instead of following the original ad hoc layout ( seven churches around the central core ), Ivan's architects opted for a more symmetrical floor plan with eight side churches around the core, producing " a thoroughly coherent, logical plan " despite the erroneous latter " notion of a structure devoid of restraint or reason " influenced by the memory of Ivan's irrational atrocities.

When the city was incorporated to Montenegro, the urban core shifted to the other bank of the Ribnica River, where the town developed in a more European style: wider streets with an orthogonal layout.

An unusual feature of the new layout is an HO scale model of the Green Building, an 18-story building which is the tallest structure in the academic core of the MIT campus.

Much of the architectural core of the town remains unchanged since the basic medieval layout was filled in the 18th and 19th centuries.

A distinguishing feature of S2 is that source code is organised into individual layers, of which there are six different types ( core, i18nc, layout, i18n, theme and user ).

Also subordinate to the core layer are the layout layers.

A layout layer normally overrides almost all of the methods defined in the core layer, and it may introduce new ones to perform certain layout-specific tasks.

If a core-defined method is called which is not overridden in the layout layer, but the same method is overridden for a superordinate class, then this superordinate method is called, rather than the class-specific default implementation in the core layer.

As mentioned in the previous section, i18nc layers are used to translate the core layer, while i18n layers are used to translate a layout.

Green Grass was of similar layout to Green Bamboo, although it was not thermonuclear, being a very large unboosted pure fission warhead that was based in part on the core of the Orange Herald device tested at Grapple, with some of the implosion and firing features of Green Bamboo.

This means that Zvezda is similar in layout to the core module ( DOS-7 ) of the Mir space station.