[permalink] [id link]
A decomposition reaction is the opposite of a synthesis reaction, where a more complex substance breaks down into its more simple parts.
from
Wikipedia
Some Related Sentences
decomposition and reaction
This latter reaction is in accord with the reported decomposition of Af.
The small reaction occurring at 337-degrees-C is probably caused by decomposition of occluded nitrates, and perhaps by a small amount of some hydrous material other than Af.
The volatile hydride generated by the reaction that occurs is swept into the atomization chamber by an inert gas, where it undergoes decomposition.
Kinetically, there exists a low activation barrier to the decomposition reaction.
Indium ( I ) oxide black powder is received at 850 ° C during reaction between indium and carbon dioxide or during decomposition of indium ( III ) oxide at 1200 ° C.
That slow, partial decomposition is usually accelerated by the presence of water, since hydrolysis is the other half of the reversible reaction equation of formation of weak salts.
The reaction of catalase in the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide is:
Organic binders can be added to the composition to improve its mechanical properties, however they tend to produce endothermic decomposition products, causing some loss of reaction heat and production of gases.
These include spectral interferences caused by absorption band overlap, fading of the color of the absorbing species ( caused by decomposition or reaction ) and possible composition mismatch between the sample and the calibration solution.
The thermal decomposition reaction is autocatalytic and it is likely that the same reaction can occur at even lower temperatures, however at much slower rates.
The residual heat in the jacket then heated the upper layer of the mixture next to the wall to the critical temperature ( which was actually only 180 ° C, 50 ° C lower than believed ), starting a slow runaway decomposition, and after seven hours a rapid runaway reaction ensued when the temperature reached 230 ° C.
The mathematical models that describe chemical reaction kinetics provide chemists and chemical engineers with tools to better understand and describe chemical processes such as food decomposition, microorganism growth, stratospheric ozone decomposition, and the complex chemistry of biological systems.
The decomposition will catalyze itself, which is why the reaction speeds up once it starts ; the mere presence of tin pest leads to more tin pest.
A hydrogen peroxide-powered motor is based on the decomposition reaction of hydrogen peroxide.
Another example is the Hydrogen Moderated Self-regulating Nuclear Power Module, in which the chemical decomposition of the uranium hydride fuel halts the fission reaction by removing the hydrogen moderator.
For example, in limestone calcination, a decomposition process, the chemical reaction is
Chemical decomposition is often an undesired chemical reaction.
The generalized reaction for chemical decomposition is:
Instead, these units function as molecular scaffolds that hold the 3 peroxide units close together spatially in the appropriate orientation for the decomposition chain reaction.
The reaction is usually endothermic as heat is required to break chemical bonds in the compound undergoing decomposition.
An example is the decomposition of certain peresters by Cu ( I ) which is a one-electron reduction reaction forming Cu ( II ), an alkoxy oxygen radical and a carboxylate.
decomposition and is
The theorem which we prove is more general than what we have described, since it works with the primary decomposition of the minimal polynomial, whether or not the primes which enter are all of first degree.
If the direct-sum decomposition ( A ) is valid, how can we get hold of the projections Af associated with the decomposition??
If Af are the projections associated with the primary decomposition of T, then each Af is a polynomial in T, and accordingly if a linear operator U commutes with T then U commutes with each of the Af, i.e., each subspace Af is invariant under U.
In the primary decomposition theorem, it is not necessary that the vector space V be finite dimensional, nor is it necessary for parts ( A ) and ( B ) that P be the minimal polynomial for T.
# As exploratory data analysis, an ANOVA is an organization of an additive data decomposition, and its sums of squares indicate the variance of each component of the decomposition ( or, equivalently, each set of terms of a linear model ).
For example, the Banach – Tarski paradox is neither provable nor disprovable from ZF alone: it is impossible to construct the required decomposition of the unit ball in ZF, but also impossible to prove there is no such decomposition.
In the formation of an ordinary agate, it is probable that waters containing silica in solution — derived, perhaps, from the decomposition of some of the silicates in the lava itself — percolated through the rock and deposited a siliceous coating on the interior of the vapour-vesicles.
The first deposit on the wall of a cavity, forming the " skin " of the agate, is generally a dark greenish mineral substance, like celadonite, delessite or " green earth ", which are rich in iron probably derived from the decomposition of the augite in the enclosing volcanic rock.
If sugars are heated so that all water of crystallisation is driven off, then caramelization starts, with the sugar undergoing thermal decomposition with the formation of carbon, and other breakdown products producing caramel.
In fact, the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide is so slow that hydrogen peroxide solutions are commercially available.
The decomposition process is aided by shredding the plant matter, adding water and ensuring proper aeration by regularly turning the mixture.
Pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry is a method of chemical analysis in which the sample is heated to decomposition to produce smaller molecules that are separated by gas chromatography and detected using mass spectrometry.
decomposition and synthesis
Representation of four basic chemical reactions types: synthesis, decomposition, single replacement and double replacement.
In many cases top-down is used as a synonym of analysis or decomposition, and bottom-up of synthesis.
* Process design: synthesis of energy recovery networks, synthesis of distillation systems ( azeotropic ), synthesis of reactor networks, hierarchical decomposition flowsheets, superstructure optimization, design multiproduct batch plants.
The first confirmed synthesis of cyclopropene, carried out by Dem ' yanov and Doyarenko, involved the thermal decomposition of trimethylcyclopropylammonium hydroxide over platinized clay at 320 – 330 ° C under a CO < sub > 2 </ sub > atmosphere.
More research found that some amino acids were present in enantiomeric excess, leading some to suspect terrestrial contamination, since it would be " unusual for an abiotic stereoselective decomposition or synthesis of amino acids to occur with protein amino acids but not with non-protein amino acids.
decomposition and where
Microbial decomposition releases nitrogen compounds from dead organic matter in the soil, where plants, fungi and bacteria compete for it.
Low explosives are compounds where the rate of decomposition proceeds through the material at less than the speed of sound.
The rank can also be characterized as the decomposition rank: the minimum k such that A can be factored as, where C is an m × k matrix and R is a k × n matrix.
Further chemical attack by circulating water and later by acidic rainwater caused further weathering along the lines of these joints, resulting in the more or less complete decomposition of the granite into its constituent crystals in regions where the joints were closely spaced.
This is similar ( but more categorical ) to concepts in group theory or module theory, where a given decomposition of an object into a direct sum is " not natural ", or rather " not unique ", as automorphisms exist that do not preserve the direct sum decomposition – see Structure theorem for finitely generated modules over a principal ideal domain # Uniqueness for example.
Carbon from this type of clathrate is isotopically heavier ( δ < sup > 13 </ sup > C is-29 to-57 ‰) and is thought to have migrated upwards from deep sediments, where methane was formed by thermal decomposition of organic matter.
Since is a positive semi-definite operator, it has a spectral decomposition such that where are orthonormal vectors.
) The singular value decomposition of X is X = WΣV < sup > T </ sup >, where the m × m matrix W is the matrix of eigenvectors of the covariance matrix XX < sup > T </ sup >, the matrix Σ is an m × n rectangular diagonal matrix with nonnegative real numbers on the diagonal, and the n × n matrix V is the matrix of eigenvectors of X < sup > T </ sup > X.
It thrives on fresh carrion and carcasses in advanced decomposition where it preys on insect larvae.
Peat forms in wetland conditions, where flooding obstructs flows of oxygen from the atmosphere, reducing rates of decomposition.
where L is a lower triangular matrix with strictly positive diagonal entries, and L * denotes the conjugate transpose of L. This is the Cholesky decomposition.
where U is an m × m unitary matrix over K, the matrix Σ is an m × n diagonal matrix with nonnegative real numbers on the diagonal, and the n × n unitary matrix V * denotes the conjugate transpose of V. Such a factorization is called the singular value decomposition of M.
This intuitively makes sense because an orthogonal matrix would have the decomposition where is the identity matrix, so that if then the product amounts to replacing the singular values with ones.
However, the eigenvalue decomposition and the singular value decomposition differ for all other matrices M: the eigenvalue decomposition is where U is not necessarily unitary and D is not necessarily positive semi-definite, while the SVD is where Σ is a diagonal positive semi-definite, and U and V are unitary matrices that are not necessarily related except through the matrix M.
Digging tends to displace nutrients, shifting surface organic material deeper, where there is less oxygen to support the decomposition to plant-available nutrients, which then need to be otherwise replenished.
# U and P commute, where we have the polar decomposition A = UP with a unitary matrix U and some positive semidefinite matrix P.
On an almost Kähler manifold, one can write this decomposition as h = g + iω, where h is the Hermitian form, g is the Riemannian metric, i is the almost complex structure, and ω is the almost symplectic structure.
0.549 seconds.