It can be defined as a difference, when measured along different axes, in a material's physical or mechanical properties ( absorbance, refractive index, conductivity, tensile strength, etc.

An analog computer is a form of computer that uses the continuously changeable aspects of physical phenomena such as electrical, mechanical, or hydraulic quantities to model the problem being solved.

The latter scribe revealed not only astute mechanical editing, but also unbridled nourishment of the physical manuscript itself .".

Copper and its alloys have a huge variety of uses that reflect their versatile physical, mechanical, and chemical properties.

Since the dawn of Newtonian science with its vision of simple mechanical principles governing the entire universe, some philosophers have been tempted by the idea that consciousness could be explained in purely physical terms.

Examples of such physical systems include digital computers, mechanical computers, quantum computers, DNA computers, molecular computers, analog computers or wetware computers.

As a result, focus is shifting back to the mechanical engineering discipline, as intimate knowledge of the physical system being controlled is often desired.

Diesel's inventions have three points in common: they relate to heat transfer by natural physical processes or laws ; they involve markedly creative mechanical design ; and they were initially motivated by the inventor's concept of sociological needs.

The physical principle of production of mechanical force by the interactions of an electric current and a magnetic field was known as early as 1821.

Einstein struggled to the end of his life for a theory that could better comply with his idea of causality, protesting against the view that there exists no objective physical reality other than that which is revealed through measurement interpreted in terms of quantum mechanical formalism.

This department oversees the mechanical effects — also called practical or physical effects — that create optical illusions during live-action shooting.

* Filtration, a mechanical or physical operation which is used for the separation of solids from fluids ( liquids or gases ) by interposing a medium through which only the fluid can pass

Filtration is commonly the mechanical or physical operation which is used for the separation of solids from fluids ( liquids or gases ) by interposing a medium through which only the fluid can pass.

Geotechnical engineering uses principles of soil mechanics and rock mechanics to investigate subsurface conditions and materials ; determine the relevant physical / mechanical and chemical properties of these materials ; evaluate stability of natural slopes and man-made soil deposits ; assess risks posed by site conditions ; design earthworks and structure foundations ; and monitor site conditions, earthwork and foundation construction.

In this example, there is no moral judgment involved, since this is a mechanical consequence of a physical action.

The study of polymers combines elements of chemical and statistical thermodynamics to give thermodynamic, as well as mechanical, descriptions of physical properties.

* Technocrats of Iteration X are experts in the arena of the physical sciences, especially when it comes to mechanical and robotic advancements.

Human physiology is the science of the mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions of humans, their organs, and the cells of which they are composed.

In 1644, René Descartes theorized that pain was a disturbance that passed down along nerve fibers until the disturbance reached the brain, a development that transformed the perception of pain from a spiritual, mystical experience to a physical, mechanical sensation.

He or she will usually have a primary qualification in one of several fields: mathematics, the physical sciences ( e. g. chemistry, physics, biology ), engineering ( e. g. mechanical, chemical, Materials Science & Engineering or civil engineering ), medicine, or certain technologies, notably materials or food.

Structural geology is a critical part of engineering geology, which is concerned with the physical and mechanical properties of natural rocks.

Ultrasonic Impact Treatment ( UIT ) uses ultrasound to enhance the mechanical and physical properties of metals.

From 1882 to 1889, Gibbs wrote five papers on physical optics, in which he investigated birefringence and other optical phenomena and defended Maxwell's electromagnetic theory of light against the mechanical theories of Kelvin and others.

Item control or electronic key management is an area within ( and possibly integrated with ) an access control system which concerns the managing of possession and location of small assets or physical ( mechanical ) keys.

In telecommunications, an interface standard is a standard that describes one or more functional characteristics ( such as code conversion, line assignments, or protocol compliance ) or physical characteristics ( such as electrical, mechanical, or optical characteristics ) necessary to allow the exchange of information between two or more ( usually different ) systems or pieces of equipment.

Consequently, these compounds exhibit high sensitivity to flame or mechanical shock.

Bending or mechanical shock after annealing may disrupt the material's grain alignment, leading to a drop in the permeability of the affected areas, which can be restored by repeating the hydrogen annealing step.

* Expected mechanical loads due to acceleration – some relays used in aerospace applications are designed to function in shock loads of 50 g or more

The structural properties of colored glass promote withstanding mechanical shock, which allows for automated manufacturing.

* Insensitivity to mechanical shock and vibration, thus avoiding the problem of microphonics in audio applications.

For critical applications the quartz oscillator is mounted in a temperature-controlled container, called a crystal oven, and can also be mounted on shock absorbers to prevent perturbation by external mechanical vibrations.

When the bomb detonated, the casing would contain the explosion long enough for mechanical shock to heat and compress the fusion fuel, and for fission neutrons to ignite nuclear fusion.

However, he noted that soft X-radiation from the fission bomb would compress the thermonuclear fuel more strongly than mechanical shock and suggested ways to enhance this effect.

Its mechanical shock resistance helps explain its popularity over hard disks in portable devices ; as does its high durability, being able to withstand high pressure, temperature, immersion in water, etc.

Electronic components are sometimes encased in silicone to increase stability against mechanical and electrical shock, radiation and vibration, a process called " potting ".

Sintered alumina is a superior material to mica or porcelain because it is a relatively good thermal conductor for a ceramic, it maintains good mechanical strength and ( thermal ) shock resistance at higher temperatures, and this ability to run hot allows it to be run at " self cleaning " temperatures without rapid degradation.

The Shock response spectrum is a method for further evaluating a mechanical shock.

* Some materials such as primary high explosives may detonate with mechanical shock or impact.

When laboratory testing, field experience, or engineering judgement indicates that an item could be damaged by mechanical shock, several courses of action might be considered:

A shock absorber is a mechanical device designed to smooth out or damp shock impulse, and dissipate kinetic energy.

Minimizing mechanical moving parts also helped to prevent inertial shock vibration problems.

But a new trend is arriving and is the energy harvesting, allowing transforming into electricity mechanical energy from shock, vibration, or thermal energy from thermal variation, and so on.

Mass dampers are frequently implemented with a frictional or hydraulic component that turns mechanical kinetic energy into heat, like an automotive shock absorber.

A Coil spring, also known as a helical spring, is a mechanical device, which is typically used to store energy and subsequently release it, to absorb shock, or to maintain a force between contacting surfaces.

The fluid transmitted the force of road bumps from one wheel to the other ( on the same principle as the Citroen 2CV's mechanical system described above ) and because each suspension unit contained valves to restrict the flow of fluid also served as a shock absorber.

The main mechanical differentiator between the new Ka and its Fiat sibling is that the Ford has better shock absorption than the Fiat 500.

The coupled PMTs also exhibit temperature sensitivity, and can be damaged if submitted to mechanical shock.

As of 2006, materials scientists and mechanical engineers are collaborating to develop stand-alone seismic dampers which, when positioned anywhere within a building, will operate within the building's resonance frequency, absorbing detrimental shock waves and oscillations within the structure, giving these dampers the ability to make any building earthquake-proof, or at least earthquake-resistant .< ref >