We are initiating research on the use of solid state materials for infrared detection using a method which will not require cooling of materials to attain high sensitivity.

Furthermore, it may be possible to estimate the error due to bias in method ( as distinguished from sampling error ) in each of these sources, on such subjects as fertility, mortality, and migration during a given interval by using information from two largely independent sources in conjunction.

Mr. Alexander H. Wheelan's Study Helps In Point And Figure Technique tells the readers: `` We assure you that the total number of people using this method of market analysis is a very small portion of the sum total of those operating in the securities and commodities markets ''.

A statistical hypothesis test is a method of making decisions using data.

Van Vogt systematized his writing method, using scenes of 800 words or so where a new complication was added or something resolved.

The effect of angst is achieved by Shostakovich, Mahler and Berg in compositions of wide dynamic range, at times seemingly spinning out of control ( Mahler ), and atonal music using the twelve-tone row method of composition ( Berg, Schoenberg and others ) to create an angst ridden atmosphere of grotesque sound.

* Quantum annealing, a method for finding solutions to combinatorial optimisation problems and ground states of glassy systems using quantum fluctuations

Modern antibiotics are tested using a method similar to Fleming's discovery

The Greek mathematician Menaechmus solved problems and proved theorems by using a method that had a strong resemblance to the use of coordinates and it has sometimes been maintained that he had introduced analytic geometry.

Copper cathodes produced using this method are also described as electrolytic copper.

The method of standard addition is used in instrumental analysis to determine concentration of a substance ( analyte ) in an unknown sample by comparison to a set of samples of known concentration, similar to using a calibration curve.

They do not produce raw opium any more but derive Morphine and other opiates using the poppy straw method of extraction.

Three-dimensional sonic anemometers are widely used to measure gas emissions and ecosystem fluxes using the eddy covariance method when used with fast-response infrared gas analyzers or laser-based analyzers.

By the Roman period brass was being deliberately produced from metallic copper and zinc minerals using the cementation process and variations on this method continued until the mid 19th century.

The number of legitimate walks and at-bats are known for all players that year, so computing averages using the same method as in other years is straightforward.

Five atoms of < sup > 262 </ sup > Bh were detected using the method of correlation of genetic parent-daughter decays.

It is still done by the same basic method of using malted grains ( containing enzymes ) to convert starch from grains into sugar and then adding specific yeasts to produce beer.

In recent years a large number of writers and historians have come to the conclusion it was not a new form of warfare invented by the German military, but an old method of pursuing decisive battles using new technology.

But the study of these curves was first developed in 1959 by mathematician Paul de Casteljau using de Casteljau's algorithm, a numerically stable method to evaluate Bézier curves.

Researchers have been able to collect 10, 000 embryos in 10 minutes using this method.

He had submitted to using spoken dialogue, partly out of acceptance that he had no other choice but also because he recognised it as a better method for delivering a political message.

* Semantics encoding of formal language A in formal language B is a method of representing all terms ( e. g. programs or descriptions ) of language A using language B.

The fact that they use an impact printing method allows them to be used to print multi-part documents using carbonless copy paper, like sales invoices and credit card receipts, whereas other printing methods are unusable with paper of this type.

Another method is to measure the brightness of an object and assume an intrinsic luminosity, from which the distance may be determined using the inverse square law.

In psychology, phenomenology largely has meant attempting to investigate consciousness using the method of introspection, which means looking into one's own mind and reporting what one observes.

Uses include its application as a vector for the cloning of recombinant DNA ; the use of its site-specific recombinase ( int ) for the shuffling of cloned DNAs by the gateway method ; and the application of its Red operon, including the proteins Red alpha ( also called ' exo '), beta and gamma in the DNA engineering method called recombineering.

According to Title 18 of the United States Code, "... the term " toxin " means the toxic material or product of plants, animals, microorganisms ( including, but not limited to, bacteria, viruses, fungi, rickettsiae or protozoa ), or infectious substances, or a recombinant or synthesized molecule, whatever their origin and method of production ..."

While protein-mediated transduction supports reprogramming adult cells to pluripotency, the method is cumbersome and requires recombinant protein expression and purification expertise, and reprograms albeit at very low frequencies ( Kim et al., 2009 ).

A second method of subunit vaccine is the recombinant vaccine, which involves putting a protein gene from the targeted virus into another virus.

# siRNA producing viruses: This method shows great promise in gene therapy and research is progressing in order to generate recombinant viruses which can produce siRNA in target cells.

“ These trials also provide important validation of our method for producing highly pure, therapeutically active recombinant proteins in a cost-effective manner, with high production yields that can reduce the current economic barriers to their routine use .”

Baculovirus expression in insect cells represents a robust method for producing recombinant glycoproteins.

It is difficult to extract large amounts of hirudin from natural sources, so a method for producing and purifying this protein using recombinant biotechnology has been developed.

* Blot ( biology ), method of transferring proteins, DNA, RNA or a protein onto a carrier.

* Knot DNA method ( 筆結碼 )

* Automated sequencing of DNA by the chain termination method ; each of four different chain terminating bases has its own specific fluorescent tag.

Gel electrophoresis is a method used in clinical chemistry to separate proteins by charge and or size ( IEF agarose, essentially size independent ) and in biochemistry and molecular biology to separate a mixed population of DNA and RNA fragments by length, to estimate the size of DNA and RNA fragments or to separate proteins by charge.

Polymerase chain reaction is a method for selective replication of specific DNA and RNA sequences in the test tube.

The method developed by Mullis, however, combined the use of a heat-stable polymerase and thermal cycling, which allowed the rapid and exponential amplification of large quantities of any desired DNA sequence from an extremely complex template.

Currently the preferred method of certain diagnosis is DNA sequencing.

The method relies on thermal cycling, consisting of cycles of repeated heating and cooling of the reaction for DNA melting and enzymatic replication of the DNA.

Primers ( short DNA fragments ) containing sequences complementary to the target region along with a DNA polymerase ( after which the method is named ) are key components to enable selective and repeated amplification.

DNA sequencing is used to determine the nucleotides in a DNA strand ; the chain termination method ( dideoxy sequencing or Sanger method ) uses a primer as a start marker for the chain reaction.

Thus far, most DNA sequencing has been performed using the chain termination method developed by Frederick Sanger.

In the array-based method ( commercialized by 454 Life Sciences ), single-stranded DNA is annealed to beads and amplified via EmPCR.

In genetics, shotgun sequencing, also known as shotgun cloning, is a method used for sequencing long DNA strands.

Since the chain termination method of DNA sequencing can only be used for fairly short strands ( 100 to 1000 basepairs ), longer sequences must be subdivided into smaller fragments, and subsequently re-assembled to give the overall sequence.

DNA is broken up randomly into numerous small segments, which are sequenced using the chain termination method to obtain reads.