The estuary is important as a breeding, roosting and wintering site for many waterfowl and other birds, including woodpeckers, Nightingale, Blackcap, Whitethroat, Sedge Warbler, Reed Warbler, European Wigeon, Common Shelduck, Northern Pintail, Common Teal, Dark-bellied Brent Goose, Grey Plover, Common Redshank, Eurasian Curlew, Dunlin and Black-tailed Godwit.

Data analysis by the British Trust for Ornithology has shown that fluctuations in the Sedge Warbler population stem from the adult survival rate, due to changes in rainfall on the birds ' wintering grounds.

This species is closely related to Blackpoll Warbler, but this species has a more southerly breeding range and a more northerly wintering area.

Such a course would lead a Swainson's Warbler deep into the Caribbean where there are no wintering or even stopover points, and the bird would almost certainly perish.

A study published in 2009 examined Turnstones wintering along a stretch of coastline in the Firth of Clyde.

Gibsonton was famous as a sideshow wintering town, where various people in the carnival business would spend the off season placing it near the winter home for Ringling Brothers Circus at Tampa, Sarasota and Venice in various times.

Its settlement by Americans began when James Moore, Larken Rutherford, and James Garretson, settlers from Maryland and Virginia travelled to Kaskaskia, Illinois in 1781 and after wintering there, settled at or near Bellefontaine ( French for Beautiful Spring ) the next spring, in 1782.

The expedition was wintering at Fort Clatsop, roughly 20 miles to the north near the mouth of the Columbia River.

In eastern North America ( and possibly elsewhere ), it tends to migrate near the coast rather than farther offshore ; Siberian populations travel for hundreds of miles over land en route to their southern European wintering grounds.

The midcontinent geese gather in early fall on the prairies of western Saskatchewan and eastern Alberta, spending several weeks feeding before heading to wintering areas near the Gulf of Mexico, into northern Mexico.

* Jayakumar, S ( 1987 ) Feeding ecology of wintering Brahminy Kite ( Haliastur indus ) near Point Calimere Wildlife Sanctuary.

It traces them to their supposed wintering on the Wind River Indian Reservation near Riverton in central Wyoming, where the Arapaho remain today.

Shoreline erosion at breeding colonies remains a problem in some cases, as are the occasional mass poisonings when pesticides are used near breeding or wintering sites.

The Grey Hypocolius ranges through the Middle East, breeding in the Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Turkmenistan area, and wintering mostly near the Red Sea and Persian Gulf coasts of Arabia, including Bahrain.

File: Eurasian Marsh Harrier ( F ) I2 IMG 8906. jpg | Underside of adult female wintering near Hodal ( Faridabad district, Haryana, India )

File: C aeruginosus. jpg | Hypermelanic adult female wintering near Bangalore ( Karnataka, India )

File: Eurasian Marsh Harrier ( Immatures ) I. jpg | Immatures wintering near Hodal ( Faridabad district, Haryana, India )

Breeding birds molt near the breeding colonies, but non-breeders move to St. Lawrence Island to molt prior to the main migration to the rocky coastlines of the wintering grounds.

Coronado observed the Plains people wintering near the Pueblo in established camps.

The valley of the river became increasingly used as a wintering ground for American trappers in the next decades, with trading posts established at the mouth of the White near Whiterocks, Utah, and Browns Park.

The Nivkh were semi-nomadic living near the coasts in the summer and wintering inland along streams and rivers to catch salmon.

His plan envisaged a party wintering in or near Coats Land, while the ship took another group to the Ross Sea, on the opposite side of the continent.

Thousands winter each year on the Topolobampo lagoons in Mexico, and even in the southernmost major wintering location – Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta in Colombia – hundreds of birds can be seen.

The southern limit of its wintering range is not well known ; it was for example only recorded in the Serranía de las Quinchas ( Colombia ) in the 1990s.

This bird is migratory, wintering in Central America, the West Indies, and Florida ; also Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador.

Golden-winged Warblers are migratory, breeding in eastern North America and wintering in southern Central America and the neighboring regions in Colombia, Venezuela, and Ecuador.

It is migratory, wintering in southern Central America and northern Colombia and Venezuela, with a few stragglers going as far south as Ecuador.

The first record for South America was a vagrant wintering female seen at Vista Nieve, Colombia, on 20 November 2002 ; this bird was foraging as part of a mixed-species feeding flock that also included wintering Blackburnian and Tennessee Warblers.

Jackson Hole valley climate at that time was colder and more alpine than the semi-arid climate found today, and the first humans were migratory hunter-gatherers spending summer months in Jackson Hole and wintering in the valleys west of the Teton Range.

A small number of Crusaders refused to help ; but the others realized that the conquest of the rebel town and subsequent wintering there was the only way to hold the faltering crusade together.

White in 1968, was at one time included in leucogenys It is found in the Arctic tundra of North America to Greenland, and migrates to wintering grounds in Central and South America.

The Tule Goose is very rare and has been since the latter half of the 19th century, presumably it was affected by destruction of its wintering habitat due to human settlement.

The Giant Canada Goose subspecies was believed to be extinct in the 1950s until, in 1962, a small flock was discovered wintering in Rochester, Minnesota, by Harold Hanson of the Illinois Natural History Survey.

Below them was the disenfranchised urban population, maybe half of the total in many cities, the so-called " residents " ( Beisassen ) or " guests ": smaller artisans, craftsmen, street venders, day laborers, servants and the poor, but also those whose residence in the city was temporary, such as wintering noblemen, foreign merchants, princely officials, and so on.

In 1990 and 1991, a more detailed census was undertaken, yielding over 210, 000 birds wintering in Iran, some 109, 000 in Pakistan, about 77, 000 in Azerbaidzhan, some 37, 000 in India, 28, 000 in Israel, over 14, 000 in Turkmenistan and almost 12, 000 in Taiwan.

Its numbers seem to be slowly declining in the west of its range since the late 19th century, coincident with the expansion of human settlement and habitat conversion in the birds ' wintering areas ; the eastern Whistling Swan populations on the other hand seem to be increasing somewhat, and altogether its numbers seem to have slightly risen in the late 20th century ( the population was estimated at about 146, 000 in 1972 ).

Bewick's Swan remains far less known ; the European winter population was estimated at 16, 000-17, 000 about 1990, with about 20, 000 birds wintering in East Asia.

Additionally, it was recorded wintering on the Isle of Pines, and one wintering record is known from Florida.

In the early 1950s it was estimated that there were 225, 000 Canvasbacks wintering in the Chesapeake Bay ; this represented one-half of the entire North American population.

The verified record mass was for a wintering male from Denmark.

Dalke and others reported wintering grounds of greater sage-grouse in Idaho were usually where snow accumulation was less than 6 inches ( 15 cm ).

In 2003 a previously unknown wintering population of 50, 000 + was found on Shell Flat in the north west of England by Cirrus Energy whilst surveying the area for a new wind farm.

At the third steering group meeting of the UK Common Scoter Biodiversity Action Plan ( BAP ) the population in the Shell Flat area was put at 16, 500 wintering Scoter and 5, 000 moulting birds, of which 4, 000 used the footprint area of the proposed wind farm.

Includes the birds described as occidentalis ( based on a wintering individual, as was the original subarcticus ) and sclariventris.

Ringing revealed that declines in the number of Sedge Warblers breeding in Britain and Ireland was linked to lower levels of rainfall in their African wintering quarters ; whilst the recent dramatic decline in the numbers of Song Thrushes was found to relate to a reduction in the survival rate of young birds.

The first unison call ever recorded in the wild was taken in the Whooping Cranes ' wintering area in the Aransas National Wildlife Refuge in December 1999 and is documented here

This technique was developed by B. Wessling and applied in the wintering refuge in Aransas and also partially in the breeding grounds in Canada over 5 years.