The result most astounding to Richardson is that, under certain circumstances, as ℓ approaches zero, the length of the coastline approaches infinity.

In this case the nut is used only for lateral alignment of the strings, the string height and length being dictated by the zero fret.

The zero vector, 0, has zero length ; every other vector has a positive length.

* Null string, the unique string of length zero ( in computer science and formal language theory )

Unlike an inelastic chain, a freely hanging spring of zero unstressed length takes the shape of a parabola.

The abacus that Gerbert reintroduced into Europe had its length divided into 27 parts with 9 number symbols ( this would exclude zero, which was represented by an empty column ) and 1, 000 characters in all, crafted out of animal horn by a shieldmaker of Rheims.

For a continuous random variable, the probability of any specific value is zero, whereas the probability of some infinite set of values ( such as an interval of non-zero length ) may be positive.

The entry was a program zero bytes in length that if run printed zero bytes to the screen ( simply an empty file ).

An important example is Minkowski space that is important to our understanding of special relativity, where there is a generalization of length that permits non-zero vectors to have zero length.

Hence optical depth is dimensionless, and in particular is not a length ; however, the optical depth to an object will typically approach zero as the distance to the object decreases.

However, even NRZI can have long series of zeros ( or ones if transitioning on " zero "), and thus clock recovery can be difficult unless some form of run length limited ( RLL ) coding is used in addition to NRZI.

If each wave is modelled by a vector, then it can be seen that if a number of vectors with random angles are added together, the length of the resulting vector can be anything from zero to the sum of the individual vector lengths — a 2-dimensional random walk, sometimes known as a drunkard's walk.

However long a randomly generated finite string is, there is a small but nonzero chance that it will turn out to consist of the same character repeated throughout ; this chance approaches zero as the string's length approaches infinity.

| PES Packet length || 2 bytes || Can be zero as in not specified for video streams in MPEG transport streams

Similarly, if your length measurement on your micrometer " starts at one " instead of " starting at zero ", then you must remember to subtract that one from your total value to yield the true length of the object by itself.

One may not even start to slow until the cord has been stretched a significant amount, because the cord's resistance to distortion is zero at the natural length, and increases only gradually after, taking some time to even equal the jumper's weight.

The self-applied calibration would only require the length scale to be set to zero at that same point.

Geometrically this means that every contour ellipsoid is infinitely thin and has zero volume in n-dimensional space, as at least one of the principal axes has length of zero.

Amontons therefore argued that the zero of his thermometer would be that temperature at which the spring of the air in it was reduced to nothing.

When spring training concluded, Smith had amassed a. 288 batting average and zero errors in the field, and Clayton batted. 190 with eight errors.

A tiny torsion spring pulls the coil and pointer to the zero position.

Then the meat is dried in the sun in spring when the air temperature is below zero.

For example, seasonal effects may be captured by creating dummy variables for each of the seasons: D1 = 1 if the observation is for summer, and equals zero otherwise ; D2 = 1 if and only if autumn, otherwise equals zero ; D3 = 1 if and only if winter, otherwise equals zero ; and D4 = 1 if and only if spring, otherwise equals zero.

Swedish meteorologists define the beginning of spring as the first occasion on which the average daytime temperature exceeds zero degrees Celsius for seven consecutive days, thus the date varies with latitude and elevation.

" Zero-length spring " is a term for a specially designed coil spring that would exert zero force if it had zero length.

Obviously a coil spring cannot contract to zero length because at some point the coils will touch each other and the spring will not be able to shorten any more.

Zero length springs are made by manufacturing a coil spring with built-in tension, so if it could contract further, the equilibrium point of the spring, the point at which its restoring force is zero, occurs at a length of zero.

In practice, zero length springs are made by combining a " negative length " spring, made with even more tension so its equilibrium point would be at a " negative " length, with a piece of inelastic material of the proper length so the zero force point would occur at zero length.

And if we can see that what we meant to say remains the same, while the feeling varies from intensity to near zero, it is not the feeling that we primarily meant to express.

Thus if the gyro and platform-controller combination maintains the platform with zero angular deviation about the **yf axis, the system can be rotated with an angular velocity Af if a torque is supplied to the gyro output axis Aj.

Consequently no adiabatic process initiated at nonzero temperature can lead to zero temperature.

The question remains whether both can have zero entropy at T = 0 even though each is perfectly ordered.

The maximum energy that an electrons can have at absolute zero is called the Fermi energy.

Temperatures within a given winter are highly variable as well ; extended cold snaps of forty below zero can be followed by unseasonable warmth with temperatures above freezing due to chinook wind effects.

A bit ( a contraction of binary digit ) is the basic capacity of information in computing and telecommunications ; a bit can have the value of either 1 or 0 ( one or zero ) only.

Division of whole numbers can be thought of as a function ; if Z is the set of integers, N < sup >+</ sup > is the set of natural numbers ( except for zero ), and Q is the set of rational numbers, then division is a binary function from Z and N < sup >+</ sup > to Q.

which can be written using factorials as whenever, and which is zero when.

In particular, their band gap can vary from zero to about 2 eV and their electrical conductivity can show metallic or semiconducting behavior.

For each specific consistent effectively represented axiomatic system for the natural numbers, such as Peano arithmetic, there exists a constant N such that no bit of Ω after the Nth can be proven to be one or zero within that system.

which is not zero, as can be seen easily by computing the integral.

For a given material, it can have a positive or negative sign or exceptionally it can be zero, and this can depend on the temperature, as it does for water about 4 C. The concept of latent heat with respect to volume was perhaps first recognized by Joseph Black in 1762.

When the angular velocity of this co-rotating frame is not constant, that is, for non-circular orbits, other fictitious forces — the Coriolis force and the Euler force — will arise, but can be ignored since they will cancel each other, yielding a net zero acceleration transverse to the moving radial vector, as required by the starting assumption that the vector co-rotates with the planet.

Orthogonality can be verified by showing that the vector dot product is zero.

This circuit can store one bit, and hence can count from zero to one before it overflows ( starts over from 0 ).

In light of the physical interpretation, a vector field with constant zero divergence is called incompressible or solenoidal – in this case, no net flow can occur across any closed surface.

An " unstable " filter can produce an output that grows without bounds, with bounded or even zero input.

When waves are added together, their sum is determined by the relative phases as well as the amplitudes of the individual waves so that the summed amplitude of the waves can have any value between zero and the sum of the individual amplitudes.

( In the last step, the summation is trivial if, where it is 1 + 1 +⋅⋅⋅= N, and otherwise is a geometric series that can be explicitly summed to obtain zero.

A spontaneous electrochemical reaction ( change in Gibbs free energy less than zero ) can be used to generate an electric current in electrochemical cells.