The four reportedly pledged themselves to Jihad in the Spring of 2000, in a ceremony presided over by Wail – who had dubbed himself Abu Mossaeb al-Janubi after one of Muhammad's companions.

* 1935 – Abu Jihad, Founder of the Palestinian group Fatah ( d. 1988 )

The list: Al-Qaida / Islamic Army, Abu Sayyaf Group, Armed Islamic Group ( GIA ), Harakat ul-Mujahidin ( HUM ), Al-Jihad ( Egyptian Islamic Jihad ), Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan ( IMU ), Asbat al-Ansar, Salafist Group for Call and Combat ( GSPC ), Libyan Islamic Fighting Group, Al-Itihaad al-Islamiya ( AIAI ), Islamic Army of Aden, Osama bin Laden, Muhammad Atif ( aka, Subhi Abu Sitta, Abu Hafs Al Masri ) Sayf al-Adl, Shaykh Sai ' id ( aka, Mustafa Muhammad Ahmad ), Abu Hafs the Mauritanian ( aka, Mahfouz Ould al-Walid, Khalid Al-Shanqiti ), Ibn Al-Shaykh al-Libi, Abu Zubaydah ( aka, Zayn al-Abidin Muhammad Husayn, Tariq ), Abd al-Hadi al-Iraqi ( aka, Abu Abdallah ), Ayman al-Zawahiri, Thirwat Salah Shihata, Tariq Anwar al-Sayyid Ahmad ( aka, Fathi, Amr al-Fatih ), Muhammad Salah ( aka, Nasr Fahmi Nasr Hasanayn ), Makhtab Al-Khidamat / Al Kifah, Wafa Humanitarian Organization, Al Rashid Trust, Mamoun Darkazanli Import-Export Company

The four reportedly pledge themselves to Jihad in the Spring of 2000, in a ceremony presided over by Wail — who had dubbed himself Abu Mossaeb al-Janubi after one of Muhammad's companions.

An Islamist website posted a recording, in which bin Laden praised Abu Musab al-Zarqawi as a " lion of Jihad ".

There he encountered two Palestinian friends: Salah Khalaf (" Abu Iyad ") and Khalil al-Wazir (" Abu Jihad "), both official members of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood.

Arafat had met Abu Iyad while attending Cairo University and Abu Jihad in Gaza.

Abu Iyad traveled with Arafat to Kuwait in late 1960 ; Abu Jihad, also working as a teacher, had already been living there since 1959.

However, in 1959, the group's existence was attested to in the pages of a Palestinian nationalist magazine, Filastununa Nida al-Hayat ( Our Palestine, The Call of Life ), which was written and edited by Abu Jihad.

Arafat and his top aide Abu Jihad were detained in Syria when a pro-Syrian Palestinian leader, Yusef Urabi was murdered.

Assad appointed a panel, which found Arafat and Abu Jihad guilty of the murder.

Arafat and Abu Jihad meet Gamal Abdel Nasser upon arrival in Cairo to attend first emergency Arab League summit, 1970

Arafat and a number of his forces, including two high-ranking commanders, Abu Iyad and Abu Jihad, were forced into the northern corner of Jordan.

Arafat and Abu Jihad blamed themselves for not successfully organizing a rescue effort.

Mass rioting broke-out and within weeks and partly upon consistent requests by Abu Jihad, Arafat attempted to direct the uprising, which lasted until 1992 – 93.

In 1061, Abu Bakr ibn Umar made a division of the power he had established, handing over the more-settled parts to his cousin Yusuf ibn Tashfin, as viceroy, resigning to him also his favourite wife Zainab.

Dubbed " Abu Hashim ", Nami was considered " gentle in manner " by his colleagues, and reported that he had a dream in which he rode a mare along with Muhammad, and that the prophet told him to dismount and fight his enemies to liberate his land.

The Bab el Qattara box — some from the coast and southwest of the Ruweisat Ridge — had been dug but had not been wired or mined, while at the Naq Abu Dweis box ( on the edge of the Qattara Depression ), from the coast, very little work had been done.

On his way to Basra he passed through the Strait of Hormuz, where he learned that Abu Sa ' id, last ruler of the Ilkhanate Dynasty had died in Persia.

Abu Sa ' id's territories had subsequently collapsed due to a fierce civil war between the Persians and Mongols.

After returning home from his travels in 1354, and at the instigation of the Sultan of Morocco, Abu Inan Faris, Ibn Battuta dictated an account of his journeys to Ibn Juzayy, a scholar whom he had previously met in Granada.

Abu Bakr recommended toppling a wall on the evil-doer, or else burning alive, while Ali bin Abi Talib ordered death by stoning for one " luti " and had another thrown head-first from the top of a minaret — according to Ibn Abbas, this last punishment must be followed by stoning.

Then came an even more shocking confession: according to the CIA document, al-Faruq said two senior al-Qaeda officials, Abu Zubaydah and Ibn al-Shaykh al-Libi, had ordered him to ' plan large-scale attacks against U. S. interests in Indonesia, Malaysia, ( the ) Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Taiwan, Vietnam and Cambodia.

Al-Libi had been visited in April 2009 by a team from Human Rights Watch, who were reportedly " stunned " to discover al-Libi in Tripoli's Abu Salim prison during their fact-finding mission to Libya.

At the time of his accession and the elimination of Abu ' l Fazl, his father's chief minister and architect of his eclectic religious stance, a powerful group of orthodox noblemen had gained increased power in the Mughal court.

Historical documents released to Der Spiegel by the German secret service show that Dortmund police had been aware of collaboration between Abu Daoud and neo-Nazi Willi Pohl seven weeks before the attack.

Under protest from the PLO, Iraq, and Libya, who claimed that because Abu Daoud was traveling to a PLO comrade's funeral he should receive diplomatic immunity, the French government refused a West German extradition request on grounds that forms had not been filled in properly, and put him on a plane to Algeria before Germany could submit another request.

Abu Daoud, who lived with his wife on a pension provided by the Palestinian Authority, has said that “ the Munich operation had the endorsement of Arafat ,” although Arafat was not involved in conceiving or implementing the attack.

During 1823, he confirmed this, identifying the names of pharaohs Ramesses and Thutmose written in cartouches in far older hieroglyphic inscriptions that had been copied by Bankes at Abu Simbel and sent on to Champollion by Jean-Nicolas Huyot.

In addition to the Vietnam War, he has also been through the Iran hostage crisis and the Gulf War, plus a number of missions in the Soviet Union, and claims to have " had Abu Nidal's head in my gunsights ", but never got the green light allowing him to kill the man ( Clear and Present Danger ).

As Caliph, Abu Bakr succeeded to the political and administrative functions previously exercised by Muhammad, since the religious function and authority of prophethood ended with Muhammad's death according to Islam.

Averroes's strictly rationalist views collided with the more orthodox views of Abu Yusuf Ya ' qub al-Mansur, who therefore eventually banished Averroes, though he had previously appointed him as his personal physician.

His plot of land in Ein Hod was previously owned by the Arab Abu Faruq, who died in 1991 at the Jenin refugee camp.

Another previously unknown group calling itself the Lions of Al-Mufridun also has decided to claim credit for the Madrid attack, perhaps attempting to copy Abu Hafs al-Masri Brigades.

In a review of The Dark Side: The Inside Story of How the War on Terror Turned Into a War on American Ideals, by Jane Mayer, The New York Times reported on 11 July 2008, that " Red Cross investigators concluded last year in a secret report that the Central Intelligence Agency's interrogation methods for high-level Qaeda prisoners constituted torture and could make the Bush administration officials who approved them guilty of war crimes ", that the techniques applied to Abu Zubaydah were " categorically " torture, and that Abu Zubaydah had told investigators that, contrary to what had been revealed previously, " he had been waterboarded at least 10 times in a single week and as many as three times in a day ".

In early 2009, the Israeli Civil Administration declared some 1, 700 dunams () of land called “ Givat Eitam ” ( Eitam Hill ) by the settlers and “ Jabel Abu Zeid ” by the Palestinians, previously considered part of Bethlehem and the village of Artas to be " state land ", after a military appeals committee approved an August 2004 decision which rejected objections against the confiscation of the land filed by Palestinian landowners.

Brendan Law, previously of Westbourne House School in Chichester, West Sussex, was named Headmaster of Brighton College Abu Dhabi in September 2010, and the school opened in September 2011.

According to Christian chroniclers, the castle of Tomar resisted in 1190 the attacks of caliph Abu Yusuf al-Mansur, who had previously taken other Portuguese strongholds to the South.

'" Al-Dhahabi then quoted Abu al-Hasan, in the latter's book entitled Al -' Amd fi al-Ruyah, listing the books he had authored, saying the following, "... And a book about the attributes, the largest of our books, in which we contradict what we had previously authored in correcting the Mu ' tazili school of thought.

Abu Sayyaf (;, ASG, ) also known as al-Harakat al-Islamiyya is one of several military Islamist separatist groups based in and around the southern Philippines, in Bangsamoro ( Jolo and Basilan ), where for almost 30 years various Muslim groups have been engaged in an insurgency for an independent province in the country.

* Equipment: Abu Sayyaf uses mostly grenades, bombs ( modified IED's and land mines ), machine guns, rifles, rocket launchers and other weapons have been reported.

Thought to have been founded in the Epipaleolithic ( 11, 000 BC ), Abu Hureyra is the oldest Pre-historic site with evidence of agriculture.

It has been reported that Abu Qulabah narrated: Some of the Companions of the Prophet ( peace be on him ) decided to relinquish the world, forsake their wives, and become like monks.

Abu Daoud believes that if the Israelis knew that Mahmoud Abbas was the financier of the operation, the 1993 Oslo Accords wouldn't have been achieved, during which Mahmoud Abbas was seen in photo ops at the White House.

Historic sites of religious importance which have been destroyed by the Saudis include five of the renowned " Seven Mosques " initially built by Muhammad's daughter and four of his " greatest Companions ": Masjid Abu Bakr, Masjid Salman al-Farsi, Masjid Umar ibn al-Khattab, Masjid Sayyida Fatima bint Rasulullah and Masjid Ali ibn Abu Talib.

Other buildings that have been destroyed include the house of Khadijah, the wife of Muhammad, demolished to make way for public lavatories ; the house of Abu Bakr, Muhammad's companion, now the site of the local Hilton hotel ; the house of Ali-Oraid, the grandson of Muhammad, and the Mosque of abu-Qubais, now the location of the King's palace in Mecca ; Muhammad's birthplace, demolished to make way for a library ; and the Abraj Al Bait Towers, built after demolishing the Ottoman-era Ajyad Fortress.

Financial links between Jemaah Islamiyah and other terrorist groups, such as Abu Sayyaf and al-Qaeda, have been found to exist.

The largest natural harbor is at Dubai, although other ports have been dredged at Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, and elsewhere.

In 1976, Abu Sa ' ed, a Palestinian traitor-agent who had been working for the Mossad for four years, was enlisted in a plot to put poison pellets that looked like grains of rice in Arafat's food.

Remains of harvested emmer from several sites near the Karacadag Range have been dated to between 8600 ( at Cayonu ) and 8400 BC ( Abu Hureyra ), that is, in the Neolithic period.

Initially, most of its members were dissidents within Fatah who had been close to Abu Ali Iyad, the commander of Fatah forces in northern Jordan who continued to fight the Jordanian Army after the PLO leadership withdrew.

Abu Aita insists that he was tricked into appearing in the film and that he has never been involved with the Martyrs ’ Brigades.