Academic historians decidedly sided with Geoffrey Elton's The Practice of History against Edward Hallett Carr's What Is History ?.

Academic historians often regard Eckert's books, which are written in the style of novels, to be unreliable, as they contain things like dialogue that is clearly fictional.

( Academic historians disagree on the exact number of deaths, the estimate is 33-40 ; Luiseno oral tradition holds that more than 100 warriors were killed.

Western Academic historians believe that the Pact of Umar in the form it is known today was a product of later jurists who attributed it to the venerated caliph Umar I in order to lend greater authority to their own opinions.

Academic historical research supports that the alchemists were searching for a material substance using physical methods.

Academic discipline was rigorous ; students were allowed only one half-day each month for leisure.

Academic criticisms were made pertaining to sample selection and sample bias in the reports ' methodology.

The French art scene was in a process of change, as radical artists such as Courbet and Manet tried to break away from accepted Academic tradition and the Impressionists were in their formative years.

In the early 1990s, several standards-based reform measures were passed in various states, creating the Texas Assessment of Academic Skills ( 1991 ), Washington Assessment of Student Learning ( 1993 ), the CLAS in California ( 1993 ), and the Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System ( 1993 ).

Senior and supreme commanders were trained at the Higher Military Academic Courses, renamed the Advanced Courses for Supreme Command in 1925 ; the 1931 establishment of an Operations Faculty at the Frunze Military Academy supplemented these courses.

Academic journals in the humanities were publishing articles by writers who, scientists argued, demonstrated little or no knowledge of science.

Upper Iowa University participates in the North Central Association ( NCA ) Academic Quality Improvement Program ( AQIP ), has a UIU chapter of the Alpha Chi National College Honor Society, and 165 student athletes were honored in 2010 for academic excellence.

* Mauchly, John, The ENIAC ( in Metropolis, Nicholas, J. Howlett, Gian-Carlo Rota, 1980, A History of Computing in the Twentieth Century, Academic Press, New York, ISBN 0-12-491650-3, pp. 541 – 550, " Original versions of these papers were presented at the International Research Conference on the History of Computing, held at the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, 10 – 15 June 1976.

Academic Jeremy Black points out that From Russia, with Love was written and published at a time when tensions between East and West were on the rise and public awareness was high.

Several excellent Assistant and Associate Professor faculty were forced to leave as a result of this decision, and several Assistant Professors were forced out of Academic Physics entirely.

According to court testimony from Prof. A. Vorobiev, Director of the Russian Academic Germology Center, most, if not all, of the deaths were caused by suffocation when hostages collapsed on chairs with heads falling back or were transported and left lying on their backs by rescue workers ; in such a position, tongue prolapse causes blockage of breathing venues.

In his writings, which were numerous, he seems to have covered nearly the whole of the Academic program ; but metaphysics and ethics were the subjects which principally engaged his thoughts.

At the millennium, new award opportunities, including the Academic All-American Awards and the National Student of the Year award, were established to recognize excellence in scholarship and character.

At the time of Caillebotte's death, the Impressionists were still largely condemned by the art establishment in France, which was dominated by Academic art and specifically the Académie des beaux-arts.

Academic and Native political activist Ward Churchill says such tactics were part of a systematic process to dislocate indigenous peoples, and destroy " the economic basis of their survival ".

The Dutch Famine Birth Cohort Study, carried out by the departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Gynecology and Obstetrics and Internal Medicine of the Academic Medical Centre in Amsterdam, in collaboration with the MRC Environmental Epidemiology Unit of the University of Southampton in Britain, found that the children of pregnant women exposed to famine were more susceptible to diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, microalbuminuria and other health problems.

Virolainen himself claimed that the two basic reasons for their tense relationship were that he had never been a member of the right-wing, nationalist Academic Karelia Society ( Kekkonen had, until 1932 ), and that he was a teetotaller ( Kekkonen drank and at times smoked ) ( Johannes Virolainen, " The Last Electoral Term " / Viimeinen vaalikausi, Helsinki: Otava Publishing Ltd., 1991 ).

It is also one of the highest ranked universities in Asia and the Southern Hemisphere according to several compilations, including the Academic Ranking of World Universities, and the QS World University Rankings ( the latter two were amalgamated as the THE-QS World University Rankings until 2010 ).

OAC courses were the highest level courses in Ontario high schools until the formal elimination of the Ontario Academic Credit.

Academic archaeologist Cornelius Holtorf believed however that critics of alternative archaeologies like Fagan were " opinionated and patronizing " towards alternative theories, and that purporting their views in such a manner was damaging to the public's perception of archaeologists.

Academic Ben Singer has contested the idea that these " serial-queen melodramas " were male fantasies and has observed that they were marketed heavily at women.

Academic or professional publications that are not peer-reviewed are generally professional magazines.

Academic philosophers have generally dismissed Objectivism since Rand first presented it.

Academic explanations of ethnic conflict generally fall into one of three schools of thought: primordialist, instrumentalist or constructivist.

Academic and conservatory training typically only peripherally addresses this broad spectrum of musics, and many ( historical ) musicologists who are " both contemptuous and condescending are looking for types of production, musical form, and listening which they associate with a different kind of music ...' classical music '... and they generally find popular music lacking "

Although UZ has not generally featured in major international rankings such as the Times Higher Education Supplement QS World University Rankings or the Academic Ranking of World Universities, the World Universities Ranking placed the university number 14 in Africa in 2007, after various South African universities, the American University in Cairo and the University of Dar-es-Salaam, and number 3, 549 out of 9, 760 accredited universities in the world.

Academic courses will generally want academic qualifications while vocational courses will want vocational qualifications.

Academic opinion in the mid-20th century was generally reluctant to believe that such fine-quality Roman silver could possibly have been used in Roman Britain, and so there were many imaginative rumours and even doubts that this was a genuine British find at all.

Investigations by the AAUP of the administrations of the institutions listed below show that, as evidenced by a past violation, they are not observing the generally recognized principles of academic freedom and tenure approved by this Association, the Association of American Colleges and Universities, and more than two hundred other professional and educational organizations which have endorsed the 1940 Statement of Principles on Academic Freedom and Tenure.

Although it is generally considered independent, the ISNA is financially supported in part by the Iranian government and is supported by ACECR ( Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research ), another student organization.

Academic Krishan Kumar notes that support for measures to ensure that only English MPs can vote on legislation that applies only to England is generally higher than that for the establishment of an English parliament, although support for both varies depending on the timing of the opinion poll and the wording of the question.

Academic papers generally contain a lengthy section of footnotes or citations.

A student can expect a class size around 26-30, generally with less in advanced courses ( PreAP, AP, and GT and talented ) and more in Academic (" normal level ") courses.

* Applications of negative dimensional tensors, Roger Penrose, in Combinatorial Mathematics and its Applications, Academic Press ( 1971 )

According to a 2011 study conducted by the Manchester Business School in partnership with Dubai International Academic City and Dubai Knowledge Village, the global economic downturn has had a negative impact on learning and development spending within the Middle East.

Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht / Boston / London, pp. 20 – 22.

Academic human anatomists are usually employed by universities, medical schools or teaching hospitals.

Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka ( Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003 ), pp. 67 – 89

Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka ( Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2006 ), pp. 243 – 261

Academic Press, 1964.

Gale Expanded Academic ASAP.

London: Sheffield Academic Press, 2003.

In addition, ASU is ranked 78th in the world / 45th in the US by the Academic Ranking of World Universities and was named as one of " America's Best College Buys " by Forbes magazine.

Academic elitism is the criticism that academia or academicians are prone to elitism, or that certain experts or intellectuals propose ideas based more on support from academic colleagues than on real world experience.

Academic elitism suggests that in highly competitive academic environments only those individuals who have engaged in scholarship are deemed to have anything worthwhile to say, or do.

Routinely, more than one-third of Acadia ’ s varsity athletes also achieve Academic All-Canadian designation through Canadian Interuniversity Sport by maintaining a minimum average of 80 per cent.

The Effects of Exposure to Agent Orange on the Intellectual Functioning, Academic Achievement, Visual Motor Skill, and Activity Level of the Offspring of Vietnam War Veterans.

Scottish Academic Press, Edinburgh, revised edition 1980.

Applied Business Statistics: Methods and Excel-Based Applications, Juta Academic.

Others, such as the Cambridge Academic Content Dictionary, define it as the " English language as it spoken and written in England.

Sheffield, England: Sheffield Academic Press, 1999.

England: Sheffield Academic Press Ltd., 1996.

* Fowler, Jeaneane D. World Religions: An Introduction for Students, Sussex Academic Press ( 1997 ).

Academic work in conspiracy theories and conspiracism ( a world view that places conspiracy theories centrally in the unfolding of history ) presents a range of hypotheses as a basis of studying the genre.

Kluwer Academic Publishers, Needham, MA.

* Chief Academic Officer or CAO ; in some academic institutions the CAO is in charge of all Academic aspects of the learning institution.

Shanghai Jiao Tong University's Academic Ranking of World Universities, a ranking with an emphasis on bibliometric data and scientific research, ranked Caltech 6th in the world and 5th in the U. S. for 2011.