According to the direct-reference view, an early version of which was originally proposed by Bertrand Russell, and perhaps earlier by Gottlob Frege, a proper name strictly has no meaning when there is no object to which it refers.

According to Carnap's " Logicist Foundations of Mathematics ", Russell wanted a theory that could plausibly be said to derive all of mathematics from purely logical axioms.

According to Francis Russell, though additional meetings took place, this particular meeting came to be known as the " smoke filled room ".

According to research psychologist Russell Barkley, the New Age movement has yet to produce empirical evidence of the existence of indigo children, as the traits most commonly attributed to them were akin to the Forer effect ( i. e., so vague they could describe nearly anyone ).

According to Russell, " we need a description of the fact which would make a given belief true " where " Truth is a property of beliefs.

According to Russell Swanson of Swanson Equipment, In 1950 in the small town of Stevens Point, WI who had specialized in the manufacturing of bars for taverns had said " Im most proud of designing and building that first salad bar ".

According to Allende, Einstein had solved the theory, but had suppressed it, since mankind was not ready for it — a confession that the scientist allegedly shared with the mathematician and philosopher Bertrand Russell.

According to local legend, a horse belonging to settler Joseph Russell went lame, stranding Russell, who was offered a replacement horse by another settler, Samuel Simmons.

According to architectural historian Henry Russell Hitchcock, Riverton was the first totally planned residential subdivision in America.

According to the ' Patterns 3 ' report by Universities UK, " The Russell Group and the 1994 Group share many features, but are distinguished chiefly by the fact that most members of the Russell Group have medical schools, and an emphasis on science and technology.

According to the historian of science Norwood Russell Hanson: There is no bilaterally-symmetrical, nor excentrically-periodic curve used in any branch of astrophysics or observational astronomy which could not be smoothly plotted as the resultant motion of a point turning within a constellation of epicycles, finite in number, revolving around a fixed deferent. Any path — periodic or not, closed or open — can be represented with an infinite number of epicycles.

According to Burton Russell, " That the name is a purely modern invention of uncertain origins makes it an elegant symbol of the modern Devil with his many novel and diverse forms.

According to Russell, two of the cast members had " personally defaced 300 murals of Saddam.

According to the Jack Russell Club of Great Britain's breed standard, it is the same size as the standard for Jack Russells in the USA,.

According to Russell, femicide is defined as “ the killing of females by males because they are females.

According to Briggs, permission from Russell T Davies, producer and creator of The Sarah Jane Adventures, had been secured that would have allowed the character and actress Elisabeth Sladen to return to Big Finish for a series of stories alongside Tom Baker's Fourth Doctor, but Sladen's illness and death in April 2011 put an end to those plans.

According to the Observatory's Public Affairs Office, Russell W. Porter was primarily responsible for the Art Deco architecture of the Observatory's buildings, most notably the dome of the 200 – inch Hale Telescope.

According to Russell, knowledge by acquaintance is obtained through a direct causal ( experience-based ) interaction between a person and the object that person is perceiving.

According to an interview with Kurt Russell, Kevin Jarre and Kevin Costner were going to make the movie together, but disagreed over its focus.

According to art director Marcus Lehto, the principal designs for the race came from environmental artist Paul Russell.

According to the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Russell was born on the 20th of September, 1766.

According to Russell, words like " this " and " that " are used to denote particulars.

According to another comic poet, Teleclides, the plays of Euripides were co-authored by the philosopher Socrates.

According to Aristophanes, the alleged co-author was a celebrated actor, Cephisophon, who also shared the tragedian's house and his wife, while Socrates taught an entire school of quibblers like Euripides:

According to Xenophon, Socrates ( c. 469-399 B. C.

According to Valesius these were mainly Socrates and Sozomen ; Albert Guldenpenning's thorough research placed Rufinus first, and next to him, Eusebius of Caesarea, Athanasius, Sozomen, Sabinus, Philostorgius, Gregory Nazianzen, and, least of all, Socrates.

According to Socrates, Fritigern and Athanaric were rival leaders of the ( Therving ) Goths.

According to Plutarch, Alcibiades had several famous teachers, including Socrates, and was well trained in the art of Rhetoric.

According to Plutarch, Alcibiades " feared and reverenced Socrates alone, and despised the rest of his lovers ".

According to Socrates, Fritigern and Athanaric were rival leaders of the ( Therving ) Goths.

" According to Socrates of Constantinople ( v. 24 ), Eunomius carried his views to a practical issue by altering the baptismal formula.

According to Plato's Socrates, the shadows are as close as the prisoners get to viewing reality.

According to the historian Socrates of Constantinople, it was introduced into Christian worship by Ignatius of Antioch ( died 107 ) who, in a vision, had seen angels singing in alternating choirs.

According to Socrates, public argument through ‘ dialectic ’ was imperative to ensure ‘ civility ’ in the polis and ‘ good life ’ of the people.

According to Plutarch, their house became an intellectual centre in Athens, attracting the most prominent writers and thinkers, including the philosopher Socrates.

According to Socrates Scholasticus he attended the synod of Seleucia in the autumn of 359, and then subscribed to the Acacian formula.

According to post-Nicene historians such as Socrates Scholasticus, the Empress Helena, mother of Constantine, the first Christian Emperor of Rome, travelled to the Holy Land in 326-28, founding churches and establishing relief agencies for the poor.

According to Socrates Scholasticus, Arius did not in fact repent of his heresy, but was equivocating, and Bishop Alexander was aware of this.

According to ancient historians Sozomen, Socrates, and Theodoret, Pulcheria had a deep dislike for Anthemius, the former guardian of Theodosius ; the reasons may have been his distaste for her immense power within the empire and her unwillingness to allow Anthemius to gain power amongst the imperial court.

According to his profile, the ClueFinders found Socrates on Gabistan, " the island of talking animals ," where he appeared to be the only animal who couldn't talk.

According to the church historian Socrates of Constantinople, Helena claimed to have found the cross of Christ, after removing a Temple to Venus ( attributed to Hadrian ) that had been built over the site.

According to Socrates, after Constantine was proclaimed Caesar then Emperor, he ordered that all honor be paid to his mother, Helena to make up for the neglect paid her by her former husband, Constantius Chlorus.

According to one prominent scholar, " Writing designed to clear Socrates ' name was doubtless a particular feature of the decade or so following 399 BC ".

According to a fragment of Aristotle, the first author of Socratic dialogue was Alexamenus of Teos, but we do not know anything else about him, whether Socrates appeared in his works, or how accurate Aristotle was in his antagonistic judgement about him.

According to the account, Socrates was born a Christian in Samarqand and went to Greece to serve Iskandar Dhūl-Qarnayn ( Iskandar Rūmi ).