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Adam of Bremen relates of the Uppsala of the 1070s and describes it as a pagan cult centre with the enormous Temple at Uppsala containing wooden statues of Odin, Thor and Freyr.
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Adam and Bremen
Adam of Bremen ( also: Adamus Bremensis ) was a German medieval chronicler.
< ref name = remy > Remy, Arthur F. J. " Adam of Bremen.
20 Sept. 2012 < http :// www. newadvent. org / cathen / 01132c. htm Adam was accepted among the capitulars of Bremen, and by 1069 he appeared as director of the cathedral's school.
Adam based his works in part on Einhard, Cassiodorus, and other earlier historians, as he had the whole library of the church of Bremen at his fingertips.
* Adam of Bremen, History of the Archbishops of Hamburg-Bremen, English translation by F. J. Tschan, Columbia University Press, 2002, ISBN 0-231-12575-5.
* Adam of Bremen, Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, online text.
* Adam of Bremen, Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum, online text.
bs: Adam von Bremen
ca: Adam de Bremen
da: Adam af Bremen
de: Adam von Bremen
fy: Adam fan Bremen
nl: Adam van Bremen
no: Adam av Bremen
nn: Adam av Bremen
nds: Adam vun Bremen
sv: Adam av Bremen
While Tacitus called it Mare Suebicum after the Germanic people of the Suebi, the first to name it also as the Baltic Sea ( Mare Balticum ) was eleventh century German chronicler Adam of Bremen.
Furthermore Adam of Bremen himself compared the Sea with a belt stating that the Sea is named so because it stretches through the land as a belt ( Balticus, eo quod in modum baltei longo tractu per Scithicas regiones tendatur usque in Greciam ).
Adam of Bremen was the first writer to use the term Baltic in its modern sense to mean the sea of that name.
No texts survive from this area, though the written text Vita Ansgari (" The life of Ansgar ") by Rimbert ( c. 865 ) describes the missionary work of Ansgar around 830 at Birka, and Gesta Hammaburgensis Ecclesiae Pontificum ( Deeds of Bishops of the Hamburg Church ) by Adam of Bremen in 1075 describes the archbishop Unni, who died at Birka in 936.
This might mean that he sailed off from Hamburg or Bremen instead of some port in Baltic Sea, since the later account by Adam of Bremen gives the distance of Scania and Birka to be only 5 days at sea.
In Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum ( Deeds of Bishops of the Hamburg Church ), Adam of Bremen mentions Birka many times, and the book is the main source of information on the city.
As Adalvard was back in Bremen already by 1069 and is mentioned as one of Adam's sources of information, it would have been expected that word about Birka's destruction had reached also Adam before he published his work half a decade later.
Adam and relates
When HCE is first introduced in chapter I. 2, the narrator relates how " in the beginning " he was a " grand old gardener ", thus equating him with Adam in the Garden of Eden.
Adam Smith: conscience shows what relates to ourselves in its proper shape and dimensions
Adam Smith considered that it was only by developing a critical conscience that we can ever see what relates to ourselves in its proper shape and dimensions ; or that we can ever make any proper comparison between our own interests and those of other people.
Pirke De-Rabbi Eliezer ( c. 833 ) relates the Jewish traditions that Nimrod inherited the garments of Adam and Eve from his father Cush, and that these made him invincible.
Although the aria relates a Biblical story, the virtues attributed to Adam ( and not Eve ) clearly reflect the values of the Enlightenment.
Adam of Bremen relates that Eric was baptised in Denmark but that he forgot about the Christian faith after he returned to Sweden.
Adam relates how three mysterious strangers brought about Seth's begetting and so a preservation of this knowledge.
In the intro to the story in The Twilight Zone Magazine and in afterword to the book Skeleton Crew, King relates an anecdote about the story's possible 1969 publication in Adam magazine in different form, under the title " The Float ".
Ring is mentioned by Adam of Bremen who relates that he was king of Sweden when archbishop Unni arrived in Birka 935 or 936 where Unni died.
There is another context that relates the story of creation of Adam and Eve in the Garden.
Donald Devine has argued Meyer's synthesis is a first principle or axiom that is as valid as Strauss ’ monist first principle and relates this to Hayek ’ s critical rationalism philosophical tradition and those he identifies with it such as Aristotle, Cicero, Thomas Aquinas, Montesquieu, John Locke, Adam Smith and Lord Acton.
Adam and Uppsala
The description of the Uppsala temple is one of the most famous excerpts of the Gesta, however as no archaeological site has ever been found, one can wonder if Adam ’ s description is linked to reality.
Davidson notes that there is no mention of a sacred tree at Þingvellir in Iceland yet that Adam of Bremen describes a huge tree standing next to the Temple at Uppsala in Sweden, which Adam describes as remaining green throughout summer and winter, and that no one knew what type of tree it was.
Adam von Bremen recorded human sacrifices to Odin in 11th-century Sweden, at the Temple at Uppsala, a tradition which is confirmed by Gesta Danorum and the Norse sagas.
The sacrifices at the Temple at Uppsala are described through an eye-witness account by Adam of Bremen:
During the 1070s and 1080 there appears to have been a pagan renaissance with the magnificent Temple at Uppsala described in a contested account through an eye-witness by Adam of Bremen.
Men däri är också mycken galenskap: Adam av Bremen, arkeologin och Gamla Uppsala = Adamus Bremensis, archaeology and Old Uppsala.
In the 11th century, chronicler Adam of Bremen records in his Gesta Hammaburgensis Ecclesiae Pontificum that a statue of Thor, who Adam describes as " mightiest ", sits in the Temple at Uppsala in the center of a triple throne ( flanked by Woden and " Fricco ") located in Gamla Uppsala, Sweden.
Adam details that the people of Uppsala had appointed priests to each of the gods, and that the priests were to offer up sacrifices.
Parallels have been pointed out between the description of Urðarbrunnr at the base of the world tree Yggdrasil and Christian medieval chronicler Adam of Bremen's account of a well at the base of a sacred tree at the Temple at Uppsala, Sweden, found in his 11th century work Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum.
A woodcut depicting the Temple at Uppsala as described by Adam of Bremen, including the golden chain around the temple, the well and the tree, from Olaus Magnus ' Historia de Gentibus Septentrionalibus ( 1555 ).
The Temple at Uppsala was a religious center in Norse paganism once located at what is now Gamla Uppsala ( Swedish " Old Uppsala "), Sweden attested in Adam of Bremen's 11th century work Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum and in Heimskringla, written by Snorri Sturluson in the 13th century.
Rudolf Simek says that, regarding Adam of Bremen's account of the temple, " Adam's sources for this information are of extremely varying reliability, but the existence of a temple at Uppsala is undisputed.
Adam of Bremen claims that there was a temple in Uppsala ( see Temple at Uppsala ) with three wooden statues of Thor, Odin and Freyr, although no archaeological evidence to date has been able to verify this.
According to Adam of Bremen, the Swedish kings sacrificed males every ninth year during the Yule sacrifices at the Temple at Uppsala.
In some later cases, temples would be built on such sites, the most notable being the Swedish Temple at Uppsala which, according to Adam of Bremen, writing in the 11th century, was built around a grove which was " so holy that each tree is itself regarded as sacred ".
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