Advocates respond that it is difficult to undertake a comprehensive design effort in the absence of significant funding for such efforts, and that despite this handicap much useful design-ahead has nevertheless been accomplished with new software tools that have been developed, e. g., at Nanorex.

Advocates of counterfactual history often respond that all statements about causality in history contain implicit counterfactual claims — for example, the claim that a certain military decision helped a country win a war presumes that if that decision had not been made, the war would have been less likely to be won, or would have been longer.

Advocates respond that cities depend more on their quality of life to attract migrants and professionals, and that telecommuting makes it possible for workers in the city to live anywhere, coming into town less frequently, without the rush.

Goodall is the former president of Advocates for Animals, an organization based in Edinburgh, Scotland, that campaigns against the use of animals in medical research, zoos, farming and sport.

Advocates of the Shroud's authenticity claim that recent research demonstrates that the face of the Manoppello Image corresponds exactly with the face presented on the Shroud of Turin and the blood stains on the Sudarium of Oviedo, although skeptics dispute this.

Topics include: Definitions and Issues, Government Information, Network Neutrality News, Neutrality Advocates and Opponents, and library catalog subject headings for further research.

Advocates use these meetings to educate legislators about T1D and emphasize the need for federal research funding.

Advocates claim that professional biomedical communicators provide a valuable service that improves the quality and timeliness of publication of research.

Becoming a member of the Faculty of Advocates in 1763, he soon acquired a leading position in the Scottish legal system ; and he had the advantage of the success of his half-brother Robert ( 1713 – 1787 ), who had become Lord President of the Court of Session in 1760.

Its graduate course, leading to a Master of Laws degree, is open to Judge Advocates from all service branches.

Advocates such as Jane Jacobs argue that this enables an economically depressed region to pull itself up, by giving the people living there a medium of exchange that they can use to exchange services and locally produced goods ( In a broader sense, this is the original purpose of all money.

Advocates of central bank independence argue that a central bank which is too susceptible to political direction or pressure may encourage economic cycles (" boom and bust "), as politicians may be tempted to boost economic activity in advance of an election, to the detriment of the long-term health of the economy and the country.

Advocates of Pauline authorship also point out that the differences between Colossians and the rest of the New Testament is not as great as it is purported to be.

Advocates of phylogenetic nomenclature, a more nominalistic view, oppose this reading ; in their opinion, calling an animal a mammal is a shorthand way of saying that it is descended from the last common ancestor of, say, humans and platypuses.

Advocates assert that to achieve most of the vision of molecular manufacturing it is not necessary to be able to build " any structure that is compatible with natural law.

Advocates of inclusive language defend it as inoffensive-language usage whose goal is multi-fold:

Advocates of Condorcet methods argue that a candidate can claim to have majority support only if they are the " Condorcet winner " – that is, the candidate who would beat every other candidate in a series of one-on-one elections.

Advocates of Agile software development argue the waterfall model is a bad idea in practice — believing it impossible for any non-trivial project to finish a phase of a software product's lifecycle perfectly before moving to the next phases and learning from them.

Advocates of " workplace diversity " advocate an employee base that is a mirror reflection of the make-up of society insofar as race, gender, sexual orientation etc.

Advocates may regard the term " racial quotas " as particularly divisive in that it is assumed to be backed by the force of law to enable or disable certain linked programs or benefits based solely upon attainment of the one quota measure.

Advocates of the " age old sport " often list cultural and religious relevance as reasons for perpetuation of cockfighting as a sport, but secular cockfighting is not to be confused with the religious, spiritual and sacred cockfight.

Advocates of local currency in effect argue that, in certain circumstances, an entire country is not an optimum currency area, and that various regions should have different currencies.

Advocates of Precision say that it is generally more efficient ( and precise, as the name would suggest ) than systems such as Standard American.

Advocates of natural childbirth and unassisted birth state that this intervention is often performed without medical necessity, with significant damage to the person giving birth.

Advocates of laissez-faire capitalism, such as some economists of the Austrian School, argue that there is no such phenomenon as " market failures ".

Advocates of this theology postulate that the reason so many " gentiles " are converting to Messianic Judaism is that the vast majority of them are truly Israelites.

Advocates of social learning claim that one of the best ways to learn something is to teach it to others.

Advocates of gender-neutral language argue that language is rich in alternatives that speakers and writers, sensitive to attitudes and beliefs of audiences, can use without impinging on the effectiveness of their communication.

Leave to appeal is not a feature of the Scottish legal system and appeals proceeded when two Advocates certified the appeal as suitable.

Advocates of this idea suggest that this discourages petty vandalism yet encourages artists to take their time and produce great art, without worry of being caught or arrested for vandalism or trespassing.

Advocates for gun rights often claim that past totalitarian regimes passed gun control legislation, which was later followed by confiscation, with Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany during World War II, as well as some communist states being cited as examples.

Apart from the above-mentioned four routes, in order for the graduates to be eligible to practice as Advocates and Solicitors, they need to read in chambers for nine months before being called to the Bar.

Advocates of the traditional form of the Stations ending with the body of Jesus being placed in the tomb say the Stations are intended as a meditation on the atoning death of Jesus, and not as a complete picture of His life, death, and resurrection.

Also there is NO Bus on TV Project, which is supported by Hong Kong Consumer Advocates, established to protect kids from being captured by the broadcast of TV on public bus.

Advocates of green broadband schemes and more competitive telecom services often advocate aggressive expansion of transit exchanges into every municipal area network so that competing service providers can place such equipment as video on demand hosts and PSTN switches to serve existing phone equipment, without being answerable to any monopoly incumbent.

She trained for the Scottish Bar in Edinburgh from 1980, being admitted to the Faculty of Advocates in June 1982.

In India, the thrust of legal education is on the undergraduate law degrees with most of those opting for the undergraduate law degree either going forward to enroll themselves with the Bar Council of India and start practicing as Advocates or giving legal advice without being eligible to appear in courts ( a consequence of non-enrollment ).

Horne then spent a year teaching philosophy at the University College of North Wales, before being elected to the Faculty of Advocates ( Scottish Bar ) in 1896.

After graduating, he moved to Edinburgh and studied for the Bar, being admitted to the Faculty of Advocates in 1831.

He initially trained as a lawyer, being admitted Faculty of Advocates on the 29th July 1702.

In addition to the envelope, Prof. Ogada supplied details of two contacts in relation to the contents, one being Mrs Briner Mattern, the other being her advocate in Kenya Mr Frank Addly of Kaplan and Stratton Advocates, Nairobi '.

Advocates of virtual learning believe that virtual schools hold advantages including: not being required to attend and travel to face-to-face classes and the integration of digital media into the curricula.

Mackay was admitted as a solicitor in 1971 and practised for five years with Allan McDougall & Company, before being admitted to the Faculty of Advocates in 1976.

In January 2004, after years of being supported by the United Way of the Bay Area, Out & Equal Workplace Advocates became an independent 501 3 organization.

The Society of Beer Advocates likens this trademark to being able to trademark the work ' Muesli ' for cereal and is disappointed in this result as the word radler is commonly used in Europe.

Advocates for causes across the political spectrum use this phrase in attempting to engage in persuasion, particularly by contrasting some situation which has been allowed to continue for pragmatic or social reasons, but which those advocating action regard as being wrong in principle.

:* Advocates cannot enter into any employment contract while practicing their profession ( this includes being hired as an in-house lawyer or as an associate attorney or salaried partner at a law firm, although it is commonly evaded through self-employment );

:* advocates are very limited as to business activities they perform ; the following actions are forbidden by the Advocates ' Code of Ethics as colliding with the advocate's profession, while being fully allowed to be performed by legal advisors:

Lord Abernethy resigned as a judge in 2007, being succeeded in the Inner House by Lord Wheatley, whose seat in the Outer House was filled by the appointment of Colin Campbell, Lord Malcolm, former Dean of the Faculty of Advocates.

Advocates of this view claim that since we live as part of one planet's photosynthesis chain and are trapped within its gravity well, we are effectively components of one large body — that being the global ecology of Earth itself.