African Security Review 13 ( 4 ): 29 – 41.

These directives implied precise emphasis on: the search for political coordination with emerging and developing countries, namely India, South Africa, Russia and China ; creation of the Union of South American Nations and its derivative bodies, such as the South American Security Council ; strengthening of Mercosul ; projection at the Doha Round and WTO ; maintenance of relations with developed countries, including the United States ; undertaking and narrowing of relations with African countries ; campaign for the reform of the United Nations Security Council and for a permanent seat for Brazil ; and defense of social objectives allowing for a greater equilibrium between the States and populations.

The Central African Republic is an active member in several Central African organizations, including the Economic and Monetary Union ( CEMAC ), the Economic Community of Central African States ( CEEAC ), the Central African Peace and Security Council ( COPAX-still under formation ), and the Central Bank of Central African States ( BEAC ).

This category includes the Council of Europe ( CoE ), European Union ( EU ), NATO, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, African Union ( AU ), Organization of American States ( OAS ), Association of Southeast Asian Nations ( ASEAN ), Arab League, and Union of South American Nations.

The South African Institute for Security Studies wrote when Moi was still in power: " the Kenyan armed forces ’ reputation as a politically neutral establishment has been undermined by irrefutable evidence of tribal favouritism in the appointment of key posts.

Leveraged IMET courses for Ranger and Ranger Instructor courses, Section 1206 funding to secure training and equipment, multiple Joint Combined Exchange and Training ( JCET ) events, and East African Regional Security Initiative ( EARSI now PREACT ) to fund training and equipment.

* Stephen F. Burgess, ' Fashioning Integrated Security Forces after Conflict ', African Security, 1: 2, 69 — 91 ( 2008 )

* South African Social Security Agency

** African members of the UN Security Council say that the British army should blockade Rhodesia.

** In Namibia, fighting erupts between SWAPO guerillas and the South West African Police, on the day that a cease-fire was supposed to end the South African Border War according to United Nations Security Council Resolution 435.

* Peace and Security Council, the organ of the African Union in charge of enforcing Union decisions

In May 2001, National Security Advisor Condoleezza Rice announced Khalilzad's appointment as Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for Southwest Asia, Near East, and North African Affairs at the National Security Council.

In 1996, ten Security Council members, led by African members Egypt, Guinea-Bissau and Botswana, sponsored a resolution backing Boutros-Ghali for a second five-year term, until the year 2001.

The trial was condemned by the United Nations Security Council and nations around the world, leading to international sanctions against the South African government in some cases.

In 1976 Hain was tried for, and acquitted of, a 1974 bank robbery, allegedly having been framed by the South African Bureau of State Security ( BOSS ).

Although she ostensibly worked in development, she toured African countries that held rotating membership of the Security Council, encouraging them to support the attack.

The International Review of African American Art ( 4 ): 33 – 38.

International Review of African American Art, 2 – 17.

* Greg Mills, BMATT and Military Integration in South Africa, South African Defence Review, Issue 2, 1992 Covers reformation of Namibian Defence Force and British involvement

* Chanaiwa, David Shingirai ( 1980 ), " The Zulu Revolution: State Formation in a Pastoralist Society ," In: African Studies Review 23 ( 3 ) ( Dec. 1980 ): 1 – 20.

The Declaration on Democracy, Political, Economic and Corporate Governance also committed participating states to establish an African Peer Review Mechanism ( APRM ) to promote adherence to and fulfilment of its commitments.

* African Peer Review Mechanism

* Kleio, journal of the Department of History, University of South Africa ( 1969 – 2006 ), succeeded by African Historical Review

African Studies Review, Vol.

There are over 100 student clubs and organizations on campus, including the college radio station WMCN, the Macalester Peace and Justice Committee, the Experimental College, Student Labor Action Coalition, African Music Ensemble, Macalester Gaming Society, Macalester Mock Trial, Mac Dems, Mac GOP, Mac Greens, Bad Comedy, Fresh Concepts, The Macalester Review: A Political Magazine, The Hegemonocle Humor Magazine, The Trads and other a cappella groups, Cheeba, MacBrews, MacBike, the Macalester Outing Club, the Macalester Climbing Club, Minnesota Public Interest Research Group ( MPIRG ), Macalester Conservation and Renewable Energy Society ( MacCARES ), Macalester International Organization ( MIO ), MacPlayers, NARAL Pro-Choice Macalester, Queer Union, Macalester for Justice in Palestine, Macalester Young Artists for Revolutionary Needlework ( MacYARN ), Mac Rugby, and Medicinal Melodies.

* Afrofuturism and Post-Soul Possibility in Black Popular Music — African American Review

“ Reflecting on National Geographic Magazine and Academic Geography: The September 2005 Special Issue on Africa ” African Geographical Review.

" African American Review 2002 36 ( 3 ): 357-381. in JSTOR

She was a feature editor for The African Review, a freelance writer for the Ghanaian Times, wrote and broadcast for Radio Ghana, and worked and performed for Ghana's National Theatre.

African Studies Review.

* African American Review

Review: Godwin Rapando Murunga in African Studies Quarterly

* African American Review

* African Peer Review Mechanism, an African Union self-monitoring mechanism

Kadirgamar was the author of a number of scholarly articles published in international legal journals such as the Modern Law Review, South African Law Journal and Conveyancer and Property Lawyer.

* Berger, Roger A., "‘ The Black Dick ’: Race, Sexuality, and Discourse in the L. A. Novels of Walter Mosley ", in African American Review 31 ( Summer 1997 ): 281 – 94.

* Wesley, Marilyn C., " Power and Knowledge in Walter Mosley ’ s Devil in a Blue Dress ", in African American Review 35 ( Spring 2001 ): 103 – 16.

A 1912 obituary in the African Methodist Episcopal Church Review

On 13 August 1960 the Central African Republic became an independent country and David Dacko became its first President.

The racial makeup of the city was 91. 32 % White, 2. 71 % Black or African American, 0. 13 % Native American, 3. 23 % Asian, 0. 05 % Pacific Islander, 1. 39 % from other races, and 1. 19 % from two or more races.

The South African financial rand system was abolished with effect from 13 March 1995.

The Trans – West African Coastal Highway crosses Guinea, connecting it to Bissau ( Guinea-Bissau ), and when construction in Sierra Leone and Liberia is complete, to a total of 13 other nations of the Economic Community of West African States ( ECOWAS ).

The racial makeup of the CDP was 85. 27 % White, 2. 25 % Black or African American, 0. 61 % Native American, 8. 18 % Asian, 0. 09 % Pacific Islander, 1. 13 % from other races, and 2. 46 % from two or more races.

Malawians were viewed as important workers in the South African mines due to their " skills, work discipline and lack of militancy " From 1988 to 1992, around 13, 000 Malawian migrant laborers were forcefully repatriated out of South Africa.

Seats on the Council are based on geographical representation with 14 allocated to African states, 11 to Asian states, 6 to East European states, 10 to Latin American and Caribbean states and 13 to West European and other states.

* August 13 – Ubangi-Shari becomes independent from France, as the " Central African Republic ".

* January 13 – Robert C. Weaver becomes the first African American Cabinet member, by being appointed United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.

** In Sebokeng, South Africa, gunmen fire on mourners attending the funeral of a leader of the African National Congress, killing 13 people.

** Prime Minister of Cape Verde Pedro Pires resigns following his party's loss in the January 13 Cape Verdean parliamentary election, the first ever multiparty election in an African nation.

* June 13 – Solicitor General Thurgood Marshall is nominated as the first African American justice of the United States Supreme Court.

* November 17 – Iran hostage crisis: Iranian leader Ruhollah Khomeini orders the release of 13 female and African American hostages being held at the U. S. Embassy in Tehran.

* November 25 – " Aeroflot " Antonov AN-12 cargo airplane in route from Cuito Cuanavale to Luanda was shot down by South African Special Forces and crashed approximately 43 km of Menongue, the provincial center of the Cuando Cubango province, Angola, killing 8 crew members and 13 passengers on board.

The racial makeup of the city is 67. 78 % White, 9. 11 % African American, 0. 34 % Native American, 14. 83 % Asian, 0. 03 % Pacific Islander, 4. 78 % from other races, and 3. 13 % from two or more races.

The racial makeup of the city was 73. 1 % White, 13. 7 % African American, 0. 8 % Native American, 2. 4 % Asian, 0. 1 % Pacific Islander, 6. 9 % from other races, and 3. 0 % from two or more races.

The racial makeup of the city was 81. 04 % White, 13. 48 % Black or African American, 0. 19 % Native American, 2. 46 % Asian, 0. 03 % Pacific Islander, 1. 21 % from other races, and 1. 58 % from two or more races.

The racial makeup of Oakland was 134, 925 ( 34. 5 %) White, 109, 471 ( 28. 0 %) African American, 3, 040 ( 0. 8 %) Native American, 65, 811 ( 16. 8 %) Asian ( 8. 7 % Chinese, 2. 2 % Vietnamese, 1. 6 % Filipino, 0. 7 % Cambodian, 0. 7 % Laotian, 0. 6 % Korean, 0. 5 % Japanese, 0. 5 % Indian ), 2, 222 ( 0. 6 %) Pacific Islander ( 0. 3 % Tongan ), 53, 378 ( 13. 7 %) from other races, and 21, 877 ( 5. 6 %) from two or more races.

Southern European and North African varieties are often known as " intermediate day " types, requiring only 12 – 13 hours of daylight to stimulate bulb formation.

In 1713 for instance most of the work on the 200 plantations was done by 13, 000 African slaves.

The racial makeup of the city is 34. 7 % White, 19. 5 % Black or African American, 0. 2 % Native American, 13. 9 % Asian, 0. 1 % Pacific Islander, 3. 6 % from other races, and 3. 2 % from two or more races.

The racial makeup of the county was 82. 18 % White, 13. 00 % Black or African American, 0. 61 % Native American, 1. 46 % Asian, 0. 02 % Pacific Islander, 1. 42 % from other races, and 1. 31 % from two or more races.