The ceasefire line came into effect on January 1, 1949, after eighteen months of fighting between Indian forces and Afridi tribals which Pakistan had sent to occupy Kashmir and was last adjusted and agreed upon by the two countries according to the Simla Agreement of July 2, 1972 between Indira Gandhi and Zulfikar Ali Bhutto.

While visiting the convict settlement at Port Blair in the Andaman Islands, for the purpose of inspection, he was assassinated by Sher Ali Afridi, an Afridi Pathan convict who used a knife.

The officials have identified Michael McGrath, an Australian who was Save the Children country director in Pakistan in 2009 as the person who recruited Dr. Shakil Afridi.

In June 2009, Afridi took over the Twenty20 captaincy from Younus Khan, and was later appointed ODI captain for the 2010 Asia Cup.

In May 2011, having led Pakistan in 34 ODIs Afridi was replaced as captain.

In October 1996 at the age of sixteen Afridi was drafted into the ODI team during the four-nation Sameer Cup 1996 – 97 as a leg spinner as a replacement for the injured Mushtaq Ahmed.

Pakistan posted a total of 371, at the time the second-highest in ODIs, and won by 82 runs ; Afridi was named man of the match.

In April Afridi struck what at the time was the equal second-fastest century in ODIs ; he reached 100 off 45 deliveries against India, sharing the record with West Indian Brian Lara.

Afridi was more consistent with his batting and bowling throughout 2005, starting with the tours of India and West Indies and through to the England tour.

On 21 November 2005, Shahid Afridi was banned for a Test match and two ODIs for deliberately damaging the pitch in the second match of the three-Test series against England.

It was the last Test cricket Afridi played until 2010.

Afridi was given a four-game ODI suspension, the minimum possible ban for such an offence, meaning that he would miss Pakistan's first two 2007 World Cup matches.

The PCB and Afridi chose not to appeal the ban, despite feeling that the punishment was excessively harsh.

In the 2007 World Twenty20, he performed poorly with the bat but brilliantly with the ball, earning the Man of the Series award, though he failed to take a wicket in the final and was out for a golden duck. But in the next ICC Twenty20 World Cup, held in 2009 Afridi performed brilliantly in the series scoring 50 runs in the semi-final and 54 in the final and leading his team to victory.

Shortly after Pakistan won the 2009 ICC World Twenty20 the captain Younis Khan announced his retirement from Twenty20 cricket the Pakistan Cricket Board ( PCB ) subsequently announced that Shahid Afridi had taken over as captain in T20Is ; the appointment was initially for one match, with a decision on the permanent replacement to be made later.

On 31 January 2010, Afridi was caught on camera biting into the ball towards the end of the 5th Commonwealth Bank ODI series in Australia.

Later Afridi pleaded guilty to ball tampering and he was banned from two Twenty20 internationals.

On 25 May 2010, Afridi was appointed captain of the national team in all three formats, after he announced his return to Test cricket.

Afridi was officially removed from the Test squad on the England tour, but after the spot-fixing scandal saw Mohammad Asif, Mohammad Amir and Test captain Salman Butt temporarily suspended by the International Cricket Council, he stated that he might return to Test cricket if " the team needs it ".

When Pakistan's squad for the 2011 World Cup was announced no captain was named ; Afridi, the incumbent ODI captain and Misbah-ul-Haq, the Test captain, were the front runners for the position.

Afridi was the tournament's joint-leading wicket-taker with 21 wickets, level with India's Zaheer Khan, even though Afridi had played one match less than him.

UNICEF and Pakistani authorities have taken Shahid Afridi on board for its anti-polio campaign in the tribal belt of lawless Waziristan region.

Two years after appearing on the international scene, Afridi made his Test debut in the third game of a three-match series against Australia on 22 October 1998.

On 12 April 2006, Afridi announced a temporary retirement from Test cricket so that he could concentrate on ODIs, with a particular focus on the 2007 World Cup, and to spend more time with his family.

The coach, Waqar Younis, fell out with Afridi and in his report on the tour criticised Afridi, saying " as a captain he is very immature, has poor discipline, lacks a gameplan and is unwilling to listen to others ' opinions or advice ".

After the series, on 19 May the PCB replaced Afridi as ODI captain with Misbah-ul-Haq for the two-match ODI series against Ireland later that month.

In November 2011, Afridi became the only cricketer to score a half-century and take five wickets on two separate occasions in ODIs.

He was the leading wicket-taker in the tournament, joint with Pakistan's Shahid Afridi on 21

Mauriceforce, their convoys delayed by thick fog, were evacuated from Namsos on 2 May, though two of their rescue ships, the French destroyer Bison and the British destroyer Afridi were sunk by Junkers Ju 87 dive bombers.

It was there that he was killed by Afridi clansmen on the Afghanistan side of the Khyber Pass in 1897 and he was later buried in Rawalpindi.

The match referree later imposed the maximum two-match penalty on Afridi who pleaded guilty to a charge of ball tampering.

There was no time to destroy supplies left on the wharves, so the Afridi shelled the equipment as she pulled away from Namsos.

In the second innings, when England were pushing on, he played some nice strokes in his 41 before being stumped of the bowling of Shahid Afridi.

To separate Fort Gulistan and Lockhart, 10000 Orakzai and Afridi Lashkars attacked Saragarhi on September 12, 1897 at daybreak.

The Heights were held by Afridi tribesmen but were successfully stormed by the Gordon Highlanders and the Gurkhas on 20 October 1897.

The British classified the Afridi in 8 different clans, with many subtribes in a hierarchical structure:

* 21 destroyer – HMS Acasta ( sunk 8 June ), HMS Afridi ( sunk 3 May ), HMS Ardent ( sunk 8 June ), HMS Bedouin, HMS Cossack, HMS Eskimo, HMS Punjabi, HMS Hero, HMS Icarus, HMS Kimberley, HMS Forester, HMS Foxhound, HMS Hardy ( sunk 10 April ), HMS Hunter ( sunk 10 April ), HMS Hotspur, HMS Havock, HMS Hostile, HMS Gurkha ( sunk 9 April ), HMS Glowworm ( sunk 8 April ), HMS Wolverine, HMS Zulu

Launched in February 1984 by Rahmat Shah Afridi, it is published in Peshawar, Lahore and Quetta.

Afridi made his presence felt in the third Test against India in March 2005, scoring a quick-fire second-innings half-century and taking five wickets in the match ( including Tendulkar twice ) to help Pakistan to win the game and register a series draw.

Afridi later pleaded guilty to a level three breach of the ICC code of conduct relating to the spirit of the game.

All of the Afridi clans have their own areas in the Tirah, and most of them extend down into the Khyber Pass over which they have always exercised the right of toll.

* During a one day international between Australia and Pakistan in January 2010, Pakistan captain Shahid Afridi was captured by television cameras making two solid biting motions into the ball.