After the Union defeat at the First Battle of Bull Run and the retirement of the aged Winfield Scott in late 1861, Lincoln appointed Major General George B. McClellan general-in-chief of all the Union armies.

After the Battle of Gettysburg, Lincoln clearly understood that his military decisions would be more effectively carried out by conveying his orders through his War Secretary or his general-in-chief on to his generals, who resented his civilian interference with their own plans.

After this Confederate defeat at the Battle of Mill Springs, Davis sent Johnston a brigade and a few other scattered reinforcements, and he sent Gen. P. G. T.

After narrowly winning the Second Test at Lord's, dubbed " The Battle of the Ridge " because of a protrusion on the pitch that caused erratic bounce, Australia mounted a comeback on the final day of the Fourth Test at Old Trafford and sealed the series after a heavy collapse during the English runchase.

After efforts to secure a peaceful withdrawal failed, Claudius forced the Alemanni to battle at the Battle of Lake Benacus in November.

After the Battle of Hastings, Ealdred joined the group who tried to elevate Edgar the Ætheling, Edward the Exile's son, as king, but eventually he submitted to William the Conqueror at Berkhamsted.

After the election Johnson was most anxious to complete the re-establishment of civil government in Tennessee ; Union forces brought the war to an end in that state with their victory in the Battle of Nashville in December.

After the indecisive < ref name =" British historian Townsend Miller "> British historian Townsend Miller: “ But, if the outcome of < nowiki > battle of </ nowiki > Toro, militarily, is debatable, there is no doubt whatsoever as to its enormous psychological and political effects ” in The battle of Toro, 1476, in History Today, volume 14, 1964, p. 270 </ ref > Battle of Toro in 1476 against King Ferdinand II of Aragon, the husband of Isabella I of Castile, he went to France to obtain the assistance of Louis XI, but finding himself deceived by the French monarch, he returned to Portugal in 1477 in very low spirits.

After the failure of the co-emperor Michael IX to stem the Turkish advance in Asia Minor in 1302 and the disastrous Battle of Bapheus, the Byzantine government hired the Catalan Company of Almogavars ( adventurers from Aragon and Catalonia ) led by Roger de Flor to clear Byzantine Asia Minor of the enemy.

* 1896 – Philippine Revolution: After Spanish victory in the Battle of San Juan del Monte, eight provinces in the Philippines are declared under martial law by the Spanish Governor-General Ramón Blanco y Erenas.

* 69 – After the First Battle of Bedriacum, Vitellius becomes Roman Emperor.

After the defeat of Zurich in the second Battle of Kappel in 1531, the victorious five Catholic cantons marched their troops into the Freie Ämter and reconverted them to Catholicism.

After the Protestant victory at the Second Battle of Villmergen, the administration of the County changed slightly.

After defeating the Army of Sir William Waller at the Battle of Cropredy Bridge, King Charles marched west in pursuit of the Parliamentarian army of the Earl of Essex, who was invading the Royalist stronghold of Cornwall.

After the defeat of the French Campaign in the Battle of the Nile, in 1801, the British Museum acquired more Egyptian sculpture and in 1802 King George III presented the Rosetta Stone – key to the deciphering of hieroglyphs.

After the defeat of the French forces under Napoleon at the Battle of the Nile in 1801, the Egyptian antiquities collected were confiscated by the British army and presented to the British Museum in 1803.

After several efforts, Spanish troops from Peru took advantage of the internecine strife to reconquer Chile in 1814, when they reasserted control by winning the Battle of Rancagua on October 12.

After the defeat of his liberal army at the Battle of Lircay on April 17, 1830, Freire, like O ' Higgins, went into exile in Peru.

After the shock of the Battle of Adrianople in 378, in which the emperor Valens with the flower of the Roman armies was destroyed by the Visigoths within a few days ' march, the city looked to its defences, and in 413 – 414, Theodosius II built the 18-meter ( 60-foot )- tall triple-wall fortifications, which were never to be breached until the coming of gunpowder.

After defeats such as the Battle of Carrhae, the Romans learned the importance of large cavalry formations from the Parthians.

After defeating the Kharijites at the Battle of Nahrawan, Ali would later be assassinated by the Kharijite Ibn Muljam.

After the baronial victory at the Battle of Lewes in 1264, Simon de Montfort took control of royal government, but at the Battle of Evesham the next year Montfort was killed, and King Henry III restored to power.

After a series of brilliant manoeuvres the Imperial commander defeated Catinat at the Battle of Carpi on 9 July.

After the Christian defeat at the Battle of Sagrajas in 1086, El Cid was recalled to service by Alfonso VI, and commanded a combined Christian and Moorish army, which he used to create his own fiefdom in the Moorish Mediterranean coastal city of Valencia.

After Union Maj. Gen. William S. Rosecrans was defeated at the Battle of Chickamauga, Burnside was pursued by Lt. Gen. James Longstreet, against whose troops he had battled at Marye's Heights.

" After the battle he became widely known by the nickname " The Rock of Chickamauga ", representing his determination to hold a vital position against strong odds.

After the stalemate at Prairie Grove, Hindman was transferred back across the river and participated in the Battle of Chickamauga alongside his friend Pat Cleburne.

After being wounded in the neck at Chickamauga, Hindman and his legion continued to fight along with the Army of Tennessee against General William Tecumseh Sherman in the Atlanta Campaign, across north Georgia from the First Battle of Dalton to the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain, just outside Marietta, Georgia.

After their disastrous defeat at the Battle of Chickamauga, the 40, 000 men of the Union Army of the Cumberland under Maj. Gen. William Rosecrans retreated to Chattanooga, Tennessee.

After Chickamauga the Army of Tennessee besieged the Union army in Chattanooga, taking up defensive positions on the surrounding hills.

After their disastrous defeat at the Battle of Chickamauga, the 40, 000 men of the Union Army of the Cumberland under Maj. Gen. William Rosecrans retreated to Chattanooga.

After their disastrous defeat at the Battle of Chickamauga, Union forces under Maj. Gen. William Rosecrans retreated to Chattanooga, Tennessee.

After a Republican victory, but before the new administration took office on March 4, 1861, seven cotton states declared their secession and joined to form the Confederate States of America.

After Secession: Jefferson Davis and the Failure of Confederate Nationalism.

* 1649 – Sack of Wexford: After a ten-day siege, English New Model Army troops ( under Oliver Cromwell ) stormed the town of Wexford, killing over 2, 000 Irish Confederate troops and 1, 500 civilians.

After President Lincoln relieved Frémont from command, Grant attacked Fort Belmont taking 3, 114 Union troops by boat on November 7, 1861, and initially took the fort, but his army was later pushed back to Cairo by the reinforced Confederate General Gideon J. Pillow.

After a series of battles and having taken a railroad junction near Jackson, Grant went on to defeat Confederate General John C. Pemberton at the Battle of Champion Hill.

After a brief delay, the Army of the Cumberland, led by Sheridan and Wood, stormed over and captured the first Confederate rifle entrenchments.

After the Confederate assault had been checked, Wallace led a counter attack which retook the ground that was lost.

After the war, Longstreet and his family settled in New Orleans, a location popular with a number of former Confederate generals.

After Hood's Army of Tennessee was all but destroyed at the Battle of Nashville, Forrest distinguished himself by commanding the Confederate rear guard in a series of actions that allowed what was left of the army to escape.

After weeks of preparation, on July 30 the Federals exploded a mine in Maj. Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside's IX Corps sector, blowing a gap in the Confederate defenses of Petersburg, Virginia.

After more and more time passed and no explosion occurred ( the impending dawn creating a threat to the men at the staging points, who were in view of the Confederate lines ), two volunteers from the 48th Regiment ( Lt. Jacob Douty and Sgt.

After a Confederate artillery bombardment on September 14 and 15, the Federal garrison surrendered.

After the war ended, with the North victorious, the fear among Radicals was that President Johnson too quickly assumed that slavery and Confederate nationalism were dead and that the southern states could return.

After the war, however, the 1862 Act was extended to the former Confederate states ; it was eventually extended to every state and territory, including those created after 1862.

After the Confederacy lost the forts, the Confederate Secretary of War, Judah P. Benjamin, resigned.

After pursuing Confederate General Robert E. Lee into Maryland, Union Army Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan launched attacks against Lee's army, in defensive positions behind Antietam Creek.

After the Civil War, there was an effort by former Confederates to rename the area " Davis County " after Confederate president Jefferson Davis, but the effort proved fruitless.

After the Civil War, under the leadership of former Confederate General William " Billy " Mahone, the Southside Railroad was rebuilt, and in 1870, was combined with the Norfolk and Petersburg Railroad and the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad to form Mahone's Atlantic, Mississippi and Ohio Railroad ( AM & O ), which stretched 400 miles across the southern tier of Virginia from Norfolk on Hampton Roads to Bristol.

After the War, former Confederate President, Jefferson Davis was imprisoned in the area now known as the Casemate Museum on the base.

After Union troops entered Rhea in 1863, the Spartans may have engaged in some spying for Confederate forces.

After the fall of Atlanta, Confederate General John Bell Hood led his Army of Tennessee from the Atlanta battlegrounds to the north and west in an attempt to lead General William Tecumseh Sherman's Army of the Cumberland away from Atlanta and out of Georgia.

After the Union victory in the Battle of Mobile Bay, Mobile nevertheless remained in Confederate hands.

After Bull Run, Beauregard advocated the use of a standardized battle flag other than the " Stars and Bars " Confederate national flag to avoid visual confusion with the U. S. flag.