Although Communications no longer publishes primary research, and is not considered a prestigious venue, many of the great debates and results in computing history have been published in its pages.

Although BCD is not as widely used as in the past, decimal fixed-point and floating-point formats are still important and continue to be used in financial, commercial, and industrial computing, where subtle conversion and rounding errors that are inherent to floating point binary representations cannot be tolerated.

Although his career in computing spanned more than two decades, he is mainly remembered in connection with IBM's unsuccessful attempt in 1980 to license CP / M for the IBM PC.

Although remaining in development, and having attained a limited success in the niche of high-end computing, Intel had originally hoped to make Itanium a replacement for the original x86 architecture.

Although it did no computation based on them, it is considered an important step in the history of computing hardware.

Although MATLAB is intended primarily for numerical computing, an optional toolbox uses the MuPAD symbolic engine, allowing access to symbolic computing capabilities.

Although quantum computing is still in its infancy, experiments have been carried out in which quantum computational operations were executed on a very small number of qubits ( quantum bits ).

Although the absence of meteor storms that season confirmed the calculations, the advance of much better computing tools was needed to arrive at reliable predictions.

Although devices combining telephony and computing were conceptualized as early as 1973 and were offered for sale beginning in 1994, the term " smartphone " did not appear until 1997, when Ericsson described its GS 88 " Penelope " concept as a " Smart Phone ".

Although the ILLIAC travails ended in uninspiring results, attempts to understand the reasons for the difficulties of the ILLIAC IV architecture pushed forward research in parallel computing.

Although the core array drivers were all vacuum tube, the read sense amplifiers were a very early use of transistors in computing.

Although most Durham colleges are not used for teaching purposes, the college is equipped with a moderate library, music practice rooms and public computing facilities.

Although computer scientists can also focus their work and research on specific areas ( such as algorithm and data structure development and design, software engineering, information theory, database theory, computational complexity theory, human-computer interaction, numerical analysis, programming language theory, computer graphics, and computer vision ), their foundation is the theoretical study of computing from which these other fields derive.

Although originally coined for CJK ( Chinese, Japanese and Korean ) computing, the term is now sometimes used generically to refer to a program to support the input of any language.

Although the RM1000 was eventually discontinued and not replaced by Siemens, customers who had large installations such as a large UK telecommunications company took a long time to find suitable replacements for these massively parallel systems due to their massive I / O and computing capabilities.

Although this is a large number in human terms ( about a trillion, nearly two hundred times the world's human population ), it is possible to break this degree of encryption using a moderate amount of computing power in a brute force attack — that is, trying out each possible key in turn.

Although the sampled values represent the joint distribution over all variables, the nuisance variables can simply be ignored when computing expected values or modes ; this is equivalent to marginalizing over the nuisance variables.

Although originally intended as a prototype, it became clear that the machine was a potentially very useful resource, especially given the lack of other computing devices at the time.

Although much human intervention was required to distribute and collate results, this project can be seen as one of the forerunners for internet-based distributed computing projects such as SETI @ home and distributed. net.

Although the vehicle network did not place too much emphasis on the data throughput, the demand for more on-board computing is continuing to drive changes to these networks to provide higher-speed communication between modules.

Although the history artifacts of " The Computer Museum " were moved to Silicon Valley and forms the current Computer History Museum, TCM educational exhibits and objects were transferred to the Boston Museum of Science where two new computing and technology exhibits were created.

Although typically performed with a and n both being integers, many computing systems allow other types of numeric operands.

Although achieving this goal presents a significant challenge for the design, manufacturing, and characterization of ultra-precise new physical mechanisms for computing, there is at present no fundamental reason to think that this goal cannot eventually be accomplished, allowing us to someday build computers that generate much less than 1 bit's worth of physical entropy ( and dissipate much less than kT ln 2 energy to heat ) for each useful logical operation that they carry out internally.

Although we continue to pay our conversational devotions to `` free private enterprise '', `` individual initiative '', `` the democratic way '', `` government of the people '', `` competition of the marketplace '', etc., we live rather comfortably in a society in which economic competition is diminishing in large areas, bureaucracy is corroding representative government, technology is weakening the citizen's confidence in his own power to make decisions, and the threat of war is driving him economically and physically into the ground ''.

Although this kind of wholesale objection came at first from some men who were not technically Puritans, still, once the Puritans gained power, they climaxed the affair by passing the infamous ordinance of 1642 which decreed that all `` public stage-plays shall cease and be forborne ''.

Although Lincoln believed it was not within Congress's power to free the slaves within the states, he approved the bill in deference to the legislature.

Although Amalaric eventually became king in his own right, the political continuity of the Visigothic kingdom was broken ; " Amalaric's succession was the result of new power structures, not old ones ," as Heather describes it.

Although it had been through the support of the Barakzai chief, Painda Khan Barakzai, that he had come to the throne, Zaman soon began to remove prominent Barakzai leaders from positions of power and replace them with men of his own lineage, the Sadozai.

Although it is involved in " brown-water " ( riverine and coastal ) operations, the navy's primary goal has been to become an effective " blue-water " navy, able to project power on the high seas.

Although neither the Nazi Party nor Hitler himself had a cohesive architectural policy before they came to power in 1933, Nazi writers like Wilhelm Frick and Alfred Rosenberg had already labeled the Bauhaus " un-German " and criticized its modernist styles, deliberately generating public controversy over issues like flat roofs.

Although a Conservative, Disraeli was sympathetic to some of the demands of the Chartists and argued for an alliance between the landed aristocracy and the working class against the increasing power of the merchants and new industrialists in the middle class, helping to found the Young England group in 1842 to promote the view that the landed interests should use their power to protect the poor from exploitation by middle-class businessmen.

Deane and J. R. Thomson write this valid conclusion, “ The Book of Obadiah is occupied with one subject – the punishment of Edom for its cruel and unbrotherly love conduct towards Judah ...” One can link this idea of punishment to one of the major prophets “ Ezekiel ” who “... interprets the exile to Babylon and the destruction of Jerusalem as deserved punishments for the sins of those who themselves committed them .” Verses 3-7 in Obadiah explain to the reader the reason for the punishment theme, “ Confidence in one ’ s power, intelligence, allies, or the topographical features of one ’ s territory is often mentioned as an attribute of those who foolishly confront the Lord and are consequently punished .” Although destruction is vital to understanding Obadiah, it is of note to understand the destruction being a consequence of action.

Although their motives in this were originally to gain more power for themselves, the more idealistic Whigs gradually came to support an expansion of democracy for its own sake.

Although it's increasingly common for couples – particularly younger couples – to have " power neutral " relationships and / or play styles, activities and relationships within a BDSM context are often characterized by the participants ' taking on complementary, but unequal roles ; thus, the idea of informed consent of both the partners becomes essential.

Although the nation's rail network links seven of the country's 10 major cities, very little of it has been used regularly because of security concerns, lack of maintenance, and the power of the road transport union.

Although the ČSLA, as formed in 1945, included both Soviet-and British-equipped / trained expatriate troops, the " Western " soldiers had been purged from the ČSLA after 1948 when the communists took power.

Although nominally a Conservative, Disraeli was sympathetic to some of the demands of the Chartists and argued for an alliance between the landed aristocracy and the working class against the increasing power of the middle class, helping to found the Young England group in 1842 to promote the view that the rich should use their power to protect the poor from exploitation by the middle class.

Although Xenakis could well have composed this music by hand, the intensity of the calculations needed to transform probabilistic mathematics into musical notation was best left to the number-crunching power of the computer.

Although lines were blurred by intermarriage and tribal re-affiliation, the Hassane were considered descendants of the Arab Maqil tribe Beni Hassan, and held power over Sanhadja Berber-descended zawiya ( religious ) and znaga ( servant ) tribes.

Although details of their physiology were not mentioned on screen, the space slug, ( a giant worm-like creature that lived on asteroids in the vacuum of space ), and the Mynock, ( pesky bat-like vermin that would attach to spaceship hulls and chew through power conduits to feed off the raw energy ), are said to be silicon-based organisms in Star Wars Expanded Universe sources.

Although Cesare Borgia's father gave him the power to set up, Cesare ruled the Romagna with skill and tact for the most part.

Although Mobutu succeeded in taking power, his position was soon threatened by the Kisangani Mutinies, also known as the Stanleyville Mutinies or Mercenaries ' Mutinies, which were eventually suppressed.

Although the Senate's power had been in decline since the fall of the Republic, under Domitian the seat of power was no longer even in Rome, but rather wherever the Emperor was.

Although Abdur Rahman had fathered many children, he groomed Habibullah to succeed him, and he made it difficult for his other sons to contest the succession by keeping power from them and sequestering them in Kabul under his control.