Although traditionally considered one of seven colors of the rainbow or the optical spectrum, modern color scientists do not usually recognize indigo as a separate division and generally classify wavelengths shorter than about 450 nm as violet.

Although the aether is almost stationary according to Fresnel, his theory predicts a positive outcome of aether drift experiments only to second order in, because Fresnel's dragging coefficient would cause a negative outcome of all optical experiments capable of measuring effects to first order in.

Although these nebulae have different visibility at optical wavelengths, they are all bright sources of infrared emission, chiefly from dust within the nebulae.

Although much of the optical and X-ray emission from supernova remnants originates from ionized gas, a great amount of the radio emission is a form of non-thermal emission called synchrotron emission.

Although it does handle interreflection and optical effects such as refraction accurately, traditional ray tracing is also not necessarily photorealistic.

Although energy generated by stimulated emission is always at the exact frequency of the field which has stimulated it, the above rate equation refers only to excitation at the particular optical frequency corresponding to the energy of the transition.

Although the electronic transitions of an isolated ion are very well defined, broadening of the energy levels occurs when the ions are incorporated into the glass of the optical fiber and thus the amplification window is also broadened.

Although the term commonly refers to wireless data transfer mechanisms ( e. g. using radio, hypersonic or infrared systems ), it also encompasses data transferred over other media such as a telephone or computer network, optical link or other wired communications like phase line carriers.

Although these late paintings appear to be ' impressionistic ' and therefore a forerunner of the French school, Turner was striving for expression of spirituality in the world, rather than responding primarily to optical phenomena.

Although seeing in the infrared, the UKIRT was large for an optical telescopes and signaled a coming focus on this part of the spectrum that only grew in the coming decades.

Although Digges may have created a rudimentary instrument involving lenses and mirrors, the optical performance required to see the details of coins lying about in fields, or private activities seven miles away, was far beyond the technology of the time.

Although his initial laboratory measurements of closure phase had been done at optical wavelengths, he foresaw greater potential for his technique in radio interferometry.

Although an oblique font can be generated by simply tilting the base font, some designers use optical correction to correct the distorted curves this introduces.

Although reflecting telescopes produce other types of optical aberrations, it is a design that allows for very large diameter objectives.

Although this means that it is not possible to focus the beams nearly as tightly as for light, it also means that the aperture or " capture area " of even the simplest, omni-directional antenna is greatly larger than that of a lens in any feasible optical system.

Although early developers and users of distributions built on top of the Linux kernel could take advantage of cheap optical disks and rapidly declining prices of CD drives for personal computers, the Linux distribution CDs or " distros " were generally treated as a collection of installation packages that must first be permanently installed to hard disks on the target machine.

Although some live CDs can load into memory to free the optical drive for other uses, loading the data from a CD-ROM is still slower than a typical hard drive boot, so this is rarely the default with large live CD images, but for smaller live CD images loading the filesystem directly into RAM can be highly practical.

Although optical alarms are highly effective at detecting smoldering fires and do provide adequate protection from flaming fires, fire safety experts and the National Fire Protection Agency recommend installing what are called combination alarms, which are alarms that either detect both heat and smoke, or use both the ionization and photoelectric / optical processes.

Although optical, they appear as hard disk drives to the operating system and do not require a special filesystem ; they can be formatted as FAT, HPFS, NTFS, etc.

Although a few astrophysicists still argue in favor of this view, most believe that apparent velocities greater than the velocity of light are optical illusions and involve no physics incompatible with the theory of special relativity.

Although in theory baseline-free, both modulation techniques are usually limited by residual amplitude modulation ( RAM ), either from the laser or from multiple reflections in the optical system ( etalon effects ).

Although the above equations were derived using simplifying assumptions, the implications are clear ; the energy of the quantum dots are dependent on their size due to the quantum confinement effects, which dominate below the critical size leading to changes in the optical properties.

Although the optical format size bears no relationship to any physical parameter of the sensor, its use means that a lens that would have been used with ( say ) a four thirds inch camera tube will give roughly the same angle of view when used with a solid state sensor with an optical format of four thirds inch.

Although there are many sound reasons for adopting uniform and coordinated fiscal years in Rhode Island, there are also certain difficulties encountered.

Although the hardware is limited to four separate sound channels, software such as OctaMED uses software mixing to allow eight or more virtual channels, and it was possible for software to mix two hardware channels to achieve a single 14-bit resolution channel by playing with the volumes of the channels in such a way that one of the source channels contributes the most significant bits and the other the least.

Although they are generally classified as a cappella metal, the band also includes a drummer, and use amplifiers on some songs to distort the voice to sound more like a real guitar.

Although Hole's sound changed over the course of the band's career, the pretty / ugly dynamic has often been noted as a consistent theme in Love's music, most prominently in Hole's first two studio albums.

Although the concept was proven sound and the 500 megawatt engine finished a successful test run in 1961, no airworthy device was ever completed.

Although his methods were primitive, his basic premises have held true today and have been reaffirmed by more methodologically sound methods.

Although he attempted to regulate his daily routine to maintain more control over his results, his decision to avoid the use of participants sacrificed the external validity of the study despite sound internal validity.

The American Association for the Advancement of Science also recognized the need for increased understanding between scientists and lawmakers in its newsletter on Science and Technology in Congress, " Although most individuals would agree that sound science is preferable to junk science, fewer recognize what makes a scientific study ' good ' or ' bad '.

Although Hatfield shared vocal duties with Strohm in the group, she quickly stood out due to her unique vocal quality ; her somewhat thin, girlish voice gave the group a youthful, innocent sound that was nevertheless belied by often-caustic lyrics and a vocal delivery punctuated frequently by harsh, distorted screams ( in live performances more so than on recordings ).

Although some of his pieces sound similar to those written by minimalist composers, Adams actually rejects the idea of mechanistic procedure-based or process music ; what Adams took away from minimalism was tonality and / or modality, and the rhythmic energy from repetition.

Although Illich-Svitych adopted many of Trombetti ’ s etymologies, he sought to validate them by a systematic comparison of the sound systems of the languages concerned.

Although none of the major opera houses "... use traditional, Broadway-style sound reinforcement, in which most if not all singers are equipped with radio microphones mixed to a series of unsightly loudspeakers scattered throughout the theatre ", many use a sound reinforcement system for acoustic enhancement, and for subtle boosting of offstage voices, child singers, onstage dialogue, and sound effects ( e. g., church bells in Tosca or thunder effects in Wagnerian operas ).

Although in the English language the term onomatopoeia means the imitation of a sound, in the Greek language the compound word onomatopoeia ( ονοματοποιία ) means " making or creating names ".

Although most native speakers do not notice this, in most English dialects the " c / k " sounds in these words are not identical: in cat and kit the sound is aspirated, while in school and skill it is unaspirated ( listen to U. S. pronunciations of and ).

Although originating in the metropolis at the mouth of the Mississippi River, New Orleans blues, with its Afro-Caribbean rhythmic traits, is distinct from the sound of the Mississippi Delta blues.

Although the release of The Jazz Singer ( 1927 ) by Warner Brothers marked the first commercially successful sound film, silent films were the majority of features released in both 1927 and 1928, along with so-called goat-glanded films: silents with a section of sound film inserted.

Although the film had a very poor sound recording, Prokofiev adapted much of his score into a large-scale cantata for mezzo-soprano, orchestra and chorus, which was extensively performed and recorded.

Although the 32X could theoretically produce sound on par with the SNES, the difficulty of programming the sound system combined with the generally rushed nature of most 32X games meant that the system's improved audio capabilities mostly went unused.

Although the test program was not without mishap ( including a minor explosion ), the DC-X demonstrated that the maintenance aspects of the concept were sound.

Although some animals ( dolphins and bats ) have used sound for communication and object detection for millions of years, use by humans in the water is initially recorded by Leonardo Da Vinci in 1490: a tube inserted into the water was said to be used to detect vessels by placing an ear to the tube.

Although Paley devotes a chapter of Natural Theology to astronomy, written by his old friend John Law and the Dublin Astronomer Royal John Brinkley, they did not consider astronomy to provide sound evidence of " designedness.