Ambrosius Aurelianus, ; called Aurelius Ambrosius in the Historia Regum Britanniae and elsewhere, was a war leader of the Romano-British who won an important battle against the Anglo-Saxons in the 5th century, according to Gildas.

Ambrosius Aurelianus is one of the few people that Gildas identifies by name in his sermon De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae, and the only one named from the 5th century.

This is perhaps a generation before the battle that Gildas says were commanded by Ambrosius Aurelianus.

" In Chapter 48 Ambrosius Aurelianus is described as " king among all the kings of the British nation ".

If this etymology is combined with the tradition reported by Geoffrey of Monmouth stating that Ambrosius Aurelianus ordered the building of Stonehenge – which is located within the parish of Amesbury ( and where Ambrosius was supposedly buried ) – and with the presence of an Iron Age hill fort also in that parish, then it may be tempting to connect Ambrosius with Amesbury.

In Alfred Duggan's Conscience of the King, a historical novel about Cerdic, founder of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Wessex, Ambrosius Aurelianus is a Romano-British general who rose independently to military power, forming alliances with various British kings and setting out to drive the invading Saxons from Britain.

In Valerio Massimo Manfredi's The Last Legion, Aurelianus ( here called " Aurelianus Ambrosius Ventidius ") is a major character and is shown as one of the last loyal Romans, going to enormous lengths for his boy emperor Romulus Augustus, whose power has been wrested by the barbarian Odoacer.

In Rosemary Sutcliff's The Lantern Bearers Prince Ambrosius Aurelianus of Arfon drives out the Saxons by training his British army with Roman techniques and making effective use of cavalry.

In Jack Whyte's Camulod Chronicles, Ambrosius Aurelianus is the half-brother of Caius Merlyn Britannicus ( Merlin ) and helps him lead the people of Camulod ( Camelot ).

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The sequence of events of the fifth and sixth centuries is particularly difficult to access, peppered with a mixture of mythology, such as the characters of Hengist and Horsa, and legend, such as St Germanus's so-called " Alleluia Victory " against the Heathens, and half-remembered history, such as the exploits of Ambrosius Aurelianus and King Arthur.

Geoffrey combined existing stories of Myrddin Wyllt ( Merlinus Caledonensis ), a North Brythonic prophet and madman with no connection to King Arthur, with tales of the Romano-British war leader Ambrosius Aurelianus to form the composite figure he called Merlin Ambrosius ().

It also appears that Ambrosius was a Christian: Gildas says that he won his battles " with God's help ".

In Welsh, Ambrosius appears as Emrys Wledig ( Emperor Ambrose ).

In the novel Ambrosius is a separate character from Arthur, or Artorius, who appears much later as a foe of Cerdic.

The correct order of his names is " Macrobius Ambrosius Theodosius ", which is how it appears in the earliest manuscripts of the Saturnalia, and how he is addressed in the excerpts from his lost De differentiis.

Merlin uses his engineering skills to rebuild Stonehenge but has visions of Ambrosius's death which are soon fulfilled when a comet appears in the sky and Ambrosius dies.

This story was later retold with more detail by Geoffrey of Monmouth in his fictionalized Historia Regum Britanniae, conflating the personage of Ambrosius with the Welsh tradition of Merlin the visionary, known for oracular utterances that foretold the coming victories of the native Celtic inhabitants of Britain over the Saxons and the Normans.

But there are smaller snippets of tradition preserved in the Historia Brittonum: in Chapter 31, we are told that Vortigern ruled in fear of Ambrosius ; later, in Chapter 66, various events are dated from a Battle of Guoloph ( often identified with Wallop, ESE of Amesbury near Salisbury ), which is said to have been between Ambrosius and Vitolinus ; lastly, in Chapter 48, it is said that Pascent, the son of Vortigern, was granted rule over the regions of Buellt and Gwrtheyrnion by Ambrosius.

S. Appelbaum has suggested that Amesbury in Wiltshire might preserve in it the name of Ambrosius, and perhaps Amesbury was the seat of his power base in the later fifth century.

This origin of the later legend of Merlin is clearly a local tale that had attracted the names of Vortigern and Ambrosius to usurp the roles of earlier characters.

Only in later manuscripts were his names reversed as " Ambrosius Theodosius Macrobius ", which James Willis then adopted for his edition of the Commentary.

The area was later invaded c. 1532 by German Ambrosius Ehinger in a quest to find El Dorado.

According to the RKD, his pupils were Joos de Beer ( later teacher of Abraham Bloemaert ), George Boba, Hendrick van den Broeck, Marten van Cleve, Ambrosius Francken, Frans Francken I, Frans Menton ( known for schutterstukken in Alkmaar ), and Isaac Claesz van Swanenburg.

At the entrance to the Old Town stood the " Tattered or Ragged gate " () or as it was later called St. Ambrosius Gate at the end of Celetná ( Tentmaker Street ).

Later, Vortigern is deposed by the rightful King of the Britons, Aurelius Ambrosius ( the historical Ambrosius Aurelianus ) and Hengist is captured and later executed.

Days later Ambrosius invades and defeats Vortigern.

Johann Nepomuk Eduard Ambrosius Nestroy ( 7 December 1801 – 25 May 1862 ) was a singer, actor and playwright in the popular Austrian tradition of the Biedermeier period and its immediate aftermath.

Promoting Calling All Hearts, Cole went on the nationwide tour as an opening act, along with Marsha Ambrosius shortly before beginning production on her fifth studio album.

At the end of the story in Chapters 40 – 42, Vortigern hands over to Ambrosius " the fortress, with all of the kingdoms of the western part of Britain.

( This does not fit with Gildas ' account, in which Ambrosius ' family perished in the turmoil of the Saxon uprisings.

Together with the books of his patron Ambrosius, Origen's library ( including the original manuscripts of his works ) formed the core of the collection that Pamphilus established.

Geoffrey's composite Merlin is based primarily on Myrddin Wyllt, also called Merlinus Caledonensis, and Aurelius Ambrosius, a mostly fictionalised version of the historical war leader Ambrosius Aurelianus.

Geoffrey's account of Merlin Ambrosius ' early life in the Historia Regum Britanniae is based on the story of Ambrosius in the Historia Brittonum.

While Nennius ' Ambrosius eventually reveals himself to be the son of a Roman consul, Geoffrey's Merlin is begotten on a king's daughter by an incubus.