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American engineer Willard Gibbs ' 1873 figures two and three ( above left and middle ) used by Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell in 1874 to create a three-dimensional entropy ( x ), Volume ( thermodynamics ) | volume ( y ), energy ( z ) Maxwell's thermodynamic surface | thermodynamic surface diagram for a fictitious water-like substance, transposed the two figures of Gibbs ( above right ) onto the volume-entropy coordinates ( transposed to bottom of cube ) and energy-entropy coordinates ( flipped upside down and transposed to back of cube ), respectively, of a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinates ; the region AB being the first-ever three-dimensional representation of Gibbs free energy, or what Gibbs called " available energy "; the region AC being its capacity for entropy, what Gibbs defined as " the amount by which the entropy of the body can be increased without changing the energy of the body or increasing its volume.
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American and engineer
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