Category: X window managers

* Enlightenment ( window manager ), an X Window System window manager

( Among other things, Presentation Manager placed X, Y coordinate 0, 0 at the bottom left of the screen like Cartesian coordinates, while Windows put 0, 0 at the top left of the screen like most other computer window systems.

IRIX 4. 0, released in 1991, replaced 4Sight with the X Window System ( X11R4 ), the 4Dwm window manager providing a similar look and feel to 4Sight.

IRIX used the Indigo Magic Desktop, which by default used the 4Dwm X window manager with a custom look designed using the Motif widget toolkit.

The graphical mode works even on Unix systems without X or any other window environment, using either SVGALib or the framebuffer of the system's graphics card.

* Metisse and Unix Desktop Environment, window managers for the X Window System

** holonym: Y is a holonym of X if X is a part of Y ( building is a holonym of window )

** meronym: Y is a meronym of X if Y is a part of X ( window is a meronym of building )

A historical example of graphical user interface and applications common to the MIT X Consortium's distribution running under the twm window manager: Xterm | X Terminal, Xbiff, xload and a graphical man page | manual page browser

The X window system ( commonly X Window System or X11, based on its current major version being 11 ) is a computer software system and network protocol that provides a basis for graphical user interfaces ( GUIs ) and rich input device capability for networked computers.

X does not mandate that the user interface be present – individual client programs known as window managers handle this.

X also lacks support for user-defined stored procedures on the X server, which might have allowed for the dynamic construction of higher order primitives as seen in NeWS, which could reduce bandwidth demands from requiring fewer primitives to be sent, and improve certain types of interaction by removing round trips to the remote X client program in some varieties of menu interactions, picking, window management, and so on.

X is primarily a protocol and graphics primitives definition and it deliberately contains no specification for application user interface design, such as button, menu, or window title bar styles.

Window managers range in sophistication and complexity from the bare-bones ( e. g., twm, the basic window manager supplied with X, or evilwm, an extremely light window manager ) to the more comprehensive desktop environments such as Enlightenment and even to application-specific window managers for vertical markets such as point of sale.

Many users use X with a desktop environment, which, aside from the window manager, includes various applications using a consistent user interface.

Bubbles also maintained his freelance output, producing designs for Peter Jenner ( Ian Dury and Billy Bragg's manager ), and others, creating a prodigious output by working for such bands, musicians and performers as Vivian Stanshall, Generation X, Big Star, Johnny Moped, Whirlwind, Billy Bragg, Clover, The Sinceros, Roger Chapman, Phillip Goodhand-Tait, Dr. Feelgood, Inner City Unit and The Psychedelic Furs.

The Mac OS X 10. 6 file manager is a notable example of this usage in software.

X is often used in conjunction with an X session manager to implement sessions.

Usually, a session is started by the X display manager.

One of the client hosts should run an X display manager.

In the X / Open XA architecture, a transaction manager or transaction processing monitor ( TP monitor ), coordinates the transactions across multiple resources such as databases and message queues.

The Java Transaction API consists of three elements: a high-level application transaction demarcation interface, a high-level transaction manager interface intended for an application server, and a standard Java mapping of the X / Open XA protocol intended for a transactional resource manager.

This is especially useful for non-GUI installations, for system administration over slow Internet connections, and for when one is unable to boot into a graphical X server but still requires an advanced user interface to the package manager ( for example, a novice user trying to downgrade an Xorg package to fix a graphical installation ).

When a window manager is running, some kinds of interaction between the X server and its clients are redirected through the window manager.

The major question in this chapter is: What is the probability of exactly X successes in N trials??

The outcome of the experiment is X successes.

When each number of successes X is paired with its probability of occurrence Af, the set of pairs Af, is a probability function called a binomial distribution.

The several trials of a binomial experiment produce a new random variable X, the total number of successes, which is just the sum of the random variables associated with the single trials.

Their sum is X, the total number of successes, which in this experiment has the value Af.

For the case of a purely inertial autonavigator consisting of three restrained gyros, a coordinate system is used where the sensitive axis of the X accelerometer is parallel to the east-west direction at the base point, and the Y accelerometer sensitive axis is parallel to the north-south direction at the base point.

The input axis of the X gyro, when pointing in the east-west direction, is always perpendicular to the spin axis of earth.

* If it is required to use a single number X as an estimate for the value of numbers, then the arithmetic mean does this best, in the sense of minimizing the sum of squares ( x < sub > i </ sub > − X )< sup > 2 </ sup > of the residuals.

A choice function is a function f, defined on a collection X of nonempty sets, such that for every set s in X, f ( s ) is an element of s. With this concept, the axiom can be stated:

Each choice function on a collection X of nonempty sets is an element of the Cartesian product of the sets in X.

If the method is applied to an infinite sequence ( X < sub > i </ sub >: i ∈ ω ) of nonempty sets, a function is obtained at each finite stage, but there is no stage at which a choice function for the entire family is constructed, and no " limiting " choice function can be constructed, in general, in ZF without the axiom of choice.

For example, suppose that each member of the collection X is a nonempty subset of the natural numbers.

For example, suppose that X is the set of all non-empty subsets of the real numbers.

The first was Avenue X which opened on 28 January 1994 and ran for 77 performances.

The Catholic Encyclopaedia make the point that the oath and the penalties were so severe that it stopped the efforts of the Gallicanizing party among the English Catholics, who had been ready to offer forms of submission similar to the old oath of Allegiance, which was condemned anew about this time by Pope Innocent X.

He ordered the creation of the X Corps, which contained all armoured divisions to fight alongside his XXX Corps which was all infantry divisions.

Note that the requirement that the maps be continuous is essential ; if X is infinite-dimensional, there exist linear maps which are not continuous, and therefore not bounded.

The spaceX * of all linear maps into K ( which is called the algebraic dual space to distinguish it from X ′) also induces a weak topology which is finer than that induced by the continuous dual since X ′ ⊆ X *.

* Corollary If X is a Banach space, then X is reflexive if and only if X ′ is reflexive, which is the case if and only if its unit ball is compact in the weak topology.

The tensor product X ⊗ Y from X and Y is a K-vector space Z with a bilinear function T: X × Y → Z which has the following universal property: If T ′: X × Y → Z ′ is any bilinear function into a K-vector space Z ′, then only one linear function f: Z → Z ′ with exists.

A necessary and sufficient condition for a Banach space X to be associated to an inner product ( which will then necessarily make X into a Hilbert space ) is the parallelogram identity:

These longer strips include The Bash Street Kids Adventures written and drawn by Kev F Sutherland which since 2004 have featured parodies of famous comic strip images, including Amazing Fantasy's first Spider-Man cover, Action Comics ' first Superman cover, and most recently the cover of X Men # 100.

* Uniform algebra: A Banach algebra that is a subalgebra of C ( X ) with the supremum norm and that contains the constants and separates the points of X ( which must be a compact Hausdorff space ).