A contraction of a word is made by omitting certain letters or syllables and bringing together the first and last letters or elements ; an abbreviation may be made by omitting certain portions from the interior or by cutting off a part.

Chinese měiguórén for example, is derived from a word for the United States, měiguó, where měi is an abbreviation for Yàměilìjiā " America " and guó is " country ".

The use of " Χ ," derived from Chi, the Greek alphabet initial, as an abbreviation for Christ ( most commonly in the abbreviation " Χmas ") is often misinterpreted as a modern secularization of the term.

The name Capcom is an abbreviation of " Capsule Computers ", a term coined by the company to describe the arcade machines it solely manufactured in its early years, designed to set themselves apart from personal computers that were becoming widespread at that time.

The word chemist is derived from the New Latin noun chimista, an abbreviation of alchimista ( alchemist ).

In the abbreviated versions of the Cretaceous – Paleogene boundary, the K is the traditional abbreviation for the Cretaceous Period derived from the German name Kreidezeit, the Pg is the abbreviation for the Paleogene Period, and T is the abbreviation for the Tertiary Period ( comprising the Paleogene and Neogene ).

In 1976, jurisdiction over telecommunications services, most of which were then delivered by monopoly common carriers ( for example, telephone companies ), was transferred to it from the Canadian Transport Commission although the abbreviation CRTC remained the same.

(" Metro " in this case being an abbreviation of " metropolitan ", to distinguish these services from regional trains under the V / Line brand.

Heart of Midlothian are known as the " Jambos ", which comes from " Jam Tarts " which is the rhyming slang for " Hearts " which is the common abbreviation of the Clubs name.

The name or abbreviation " 1. 6 " is often used to differentiate it from the newer version Counter-Strike: Source.

In the United Kingdom, it is increasingly common to omit punctuations from abbreviations that are not truncations: while the usual abbreviation of " Esquire " is " Esq.

Since an abbreviation is also employed for the word ‘ equals ’, Diophantus took a fundamental step from verbal algebra towards symbolic algebra .”

Biodiversity ( an abbreviation of " biological diversity ") describes the diversity of life from genes to ecosystems and spans every level of biological organization.

There are currently three eras defined in the Phanerozoic ; the following table lists them from youngest to oldest ( BP is an abbreviation for " before present ").

The name actually comes from Steve S. Long's reply when asked what the standard abbreviation for the Fifth Edition would be: " I don't care if you call it ' Fred ', as long as you buy it.

The word " hypnosis " ( from the Greek hypnos, " sleep ") is an abbreviation of James Braid's ( 1841 ) term " neuro-hypnotism ", meaning " sleep of the nervous system ".

The abbreviation " IQ " comes from the German term Intelligenz-Quotient, originally coined by psychologist William Stern.

The Japanese word " mecha " is derived from the Japanese abbreviation for the English word " mechanical ".

* < sub > n </ sub > C < sub > r </ sub > as an abbreviation of the mathematics formula " from n choose r "

Pop music ( a term that originally derives from an abbreviation of " popular ") is a genre of popular music which originated in its modern form in the 1950s, deriving from rock and roll.

Throughout much of the academic world, the term " doctor " refers to an individual who has earned a degree of Doctor of Philosophy, or Ph. D. ( an abbreviation for the Latin Philosophiæ Doctor ; or alternatively Doctor philosophiæ, D. Phil., meaning Teacher of Philosophy ), or other research doctorate such as the Doctor of Science, or Sc. D.

( an abbreviation of the Latin Scientiae Doctor ).

) ( an abbreviation of the Latin Medicinæ Doctor ), Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine ( D. O.

( an abbreviation of the Latin Medicinae Baccalaureus et Baccalaureus Chirurgiae ), Bachelor of Dental Surgery BDS, BChD ( an abbreviation of the Latin Baccalaureus Chirurgiae Dentium ).

This abbreviation stands for the Dutch title doctorandus Latin for " he who should become a doctor " ( female form is " doctoranda ").

Lincos ( an abbreviation of the Latin phrase lingua cosmica ) is an artificial language first described in 1960 by Dr. Hans Freudenthal in his book Lincos: Design of a Language for Cosmic Intercourse, Part 1.

* An abbreviation of the Latin tertium quid, meaning " third party " and used to denote an anti-Madison part of the Democratic-Republican Party between 1805 and 1811

is an abbreviation for requiescat in pace ( Latin, translates to English as: " rest in peace ")

The chemical abbreviation for sodium was first published by Jöns Jakob Berzelius in his system of atomic symbols, and is a contraction of the element's new Latin name natrium, which refers to the Egyptian natron, a natural mineral salt primarily made of hydrated sodium carbonate.

A common abbreviation in international use is a ( for Latin annus ), in English also y or yr.

The Latin word derived from the Greek amphoreus (), an abbreviation of amphiphoreus (), a compound word combining amphi-(" on both sides ", " twain ") plus phoreus (" carrier "), from pherein (" to carry "), referring to the vessel's two carrying handles on opposite sides.

The oldest British universities are typically denoted by an abbreviation of their Latin name.

More recently established universities also use Latin abbreviations, especially when they share the name of an episcopal see, in which case they sometimes use the same abbreviation that the bishop uses for his signature.

A Latin abbreviation for the University of Wales ( Cambrensis ) would be liable to confusion with the English abbreviation for Cambridge.

The modern chemical symbol for sodium, Na, is an abbreviation of that element's New Latin name natrium, which was derived from natron which refers to Wadi El Natrun or natron valley in Egypt from which natron was mined in ancient Egypt for use in burial rites.

In Chinese though, the word is directly taken from Spanish ( or perhaps even Latin ) rather than English: they say 西班牙 ( xībānyá ) for Spain and 西班牙语 ( xībānyá yǔ ), or the abbreviation 西語 ( xī yǔ ) for the Spanish language.

is an abbreviation of videlicet, which itself is a contraction from Latin of " videre licet " meaning " it is permitted to see.

The name leporid is simply an abbreviation of the family name Leporidae meaning animals resembling " lepus ", Latin for hare.

Its name is Latin for painter, but it is in fact an abbreviation of its original name Equuleus Pictoris, the ' painter's easel ', and it is normally represented as an easel.

TBS is an abbreviation for " Ter Beschikkingstelling ," literally meaning " being placed at disposal.

When it becomes possible for a people to describe as ‘ postmodern ’ the décor of a room, the design of a building, the diegesis of a film, the construction of a record, or a ‘ scratch ’ video, a television commercial, or an arts documentary, or the ‘ intertextual ’ relations between them, the layout of a page in a fashion magazine or critical journal, an anti-teleological tendency within epistemology, the attack on the ‘ metaphysics of presence ’, a general attenuation of feeling, the collective chagrin and morbid projections of a post-War generation of baby boomers confronting disillusioned middle-age, the ‘ predicament ’ of reflexivity, a group of rhetorical tropes, a proliferation of surfaces, a new phase in commodity fetishism, a fascination for images, codes and styles, a process of cultural, political or existential fragmentation and / or crisis, the ‘ de-centring ’ of the subject, an ‘ incredulity towards metanarratives ’, the replacement of unitary power axes by a plurality of power / discourse formations, the ‘ implosion of meaning ’, the collapse of cultural hierarchies, the dread engendered by the threat of nuclear self-destruction, the decline of the university, the functioning and effects of the new miniaturised technologies, broad societal and economic shifts into a ‘ media ’, ‘ consumer ’ or ‘ multinational ’ phase, a sense ( depending on who you read ) of ‘ placelessness ’ or the abandonment of placelessness (‘ critical regionalism ’) or ( even ) a generalised substitution of spatial for temporal coordinates-when it becomes possible to describe all these things as ‘ Postmodern ’ ( or more simply using a current abbreviation as ‘ post ’ or ‘ very post ’) then it ’ s clear we are in the presence of a buzzword.

* PS, the German abbreviation for the word Pferdestärke, meaning horsepower

* On the QT, a colloquialism meaning quietly or secretly ; may be an abbreviation for " on the quiet.

U-boat is the anglicized version of the German word U-Boot, itself an abbreviation of " Unterseeboot ," ( meaning in English, " undersea boat "), and refers to military submarines operated by Germany, particularly in World War I and World War II.

* Around the same time, in the calf brain, Rabi Simantov and Solomon H. Snyder of the United States found what Eric Simon ( who independently discovered opioid receptors in the brain ) later termed " endorphin " by an abbreviation of " endogenous morphine ", meaning " morphine produced naturally in the body ".

In his book Pharaohs and Kings, D. Rohl suggests Achish may be an abbreviation of Akishimige, a Hurrian name meaning " Gift of the Sun God ," equivalent to the name Suwardata in the Amarna Letters.

The ' c ' comes from the abbreviation of the word " circa ", meaning " about ", and " spectacles " is because these letters look like a drawing of a pair of spectacles.

The group takes its name from the French slang " NTM ", an abbreviation for " Nique Ta Mère " (" Nique " is derived from the shortening of the French word " forniquer " ( fornicate )) meaning " Fuck Your Mother ".

Baku, or " tent ," is an abbreviation of bakufu, meaning " military government " — that is, the shogunate.

In the season four episode " Love Machine ," his ex-girlfriend from Berlin visits and calls him by his real name, " Albert Clifford ", but the meaning of the abbreviation " A. C ." periodically served as comedic fodder during the show's run.

In comparison to hentai, which " is anime erotica ", it was adapted " among coy fans and distributors who preferred to use a foreign term for their pornography " in the west, the abbreviation ecchi is seen as softer in meaning than the full term.

The exact meaning of the " MSX " abbreviation remains a matter of debate.

granted sub nom " is an abbreviation of the legal phrase " certiorari granted sub nomine ", meaning " judicial review granted, under name ", indicating that a petition for certiorari of a case has been granted, but that the court granting certiorari is hearing the case under a different name than the name under which the subordinate courts heard the case.

Depending on language, the abbreviation stands for various phrases meaning anonymous society, anonymous company, anonymous partnership, or share company.

" Another possible abbreviation is " White Anglo-Saxon Protestants ", being the original meaning of the acronym.

* Mt., the abbreviation of " Mount ", meaning mountain, in the names of many mountains

There is also a reference in Harry Graham's 1909 poem, Poetical Economy, where abbreviation of words is used for comic effect, without, it is assumed, loss of meaning.

* cf., an abbreviation for the Latin word confer, meaning " compare " or " consult "